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- Nordlund, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Improved ability of biological and previous caries multimarkers to predict caries disease as revealed by multivariate PLS modelling
- 2009
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Ingår i: BMC Oral Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6831 .- 1472-6831. ; 9, s. 28-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Dental caries is a chronic disease with plaque bacteria, diet and saliva modifying disease activity. Here we have used the PLS method to evaluate a multiplicity of such biological variables (n = 88) for ability to predict caries in a cross-sectional (baseline caries) and prospective (2-year caries development) setting. METHODS: Multivariate PLS modelling was used to associate the many biological variables with caries recorded in thirty 14-year-old children by measuring the numbers of incipient and manifest caries lesions at all surfaces. RESULTS: A wide but shallow gliding scale of one fifth caries promoting or protecting, and four fifths non-influential, variables occurred. The influential markers behaved in the order of plaque bacteria > diet > saliva, with previously known plaque bacteria/diet markers and a set of new protective diet markers. A differential variable patterning appeared for new versus progressing lesions. The influential biological multimarkers (n = 18) predicted baseline caries better (ROC area 0.96) than five markers (0.92) and a single lactobacilli marker (0.7) with sensitivity/specificity of 1.87, 1.78 and 1.13 at 1/3 of the subjects diagnosed sick, respectively. Moreover, biological multimarkers (n = 18) explained 2-year caries increment slightly better than reported before but predicted it poorly (ROC area 0.76). By contrast, multimarkers based on previous caries predicted alone (ROC area 0.88), or together with biological multimarkers (0.94), increment well with a sensitivity/specificity of 1.74 at 1/3 of the subjects diagnosed sick. CONCLUSION: Multimarkers behave better than single-to-five markers but future multimarker strategies will require systematic searches for improved saliva and plaque bacteria markers.
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- Karasneh, Jumana A., et al.
(författare)
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Effect of cigarette smoking on subgingival bacteria in healthy subjects and patients with chronic periodontitis
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Oral Health. - : BIOMED CENTRAL LTD. - 1472-6831 .- 1472-6831. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Cigarette smoking is known to increase the risk of periodontal destruction and developing chronic periodontitis ( CP). It is also reported to affect the subgingival bacterial profile among CP patients. However, studies on the effect of smoking on the bacterial profile among healthy subjects are still limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of smoking on the subgingival bacterial profile in both healthy adults and CP patients. Methods: Subgingival plaque samples were collected from CP patients ( 30 nonsmokers and 9 smokers) and healthy subjects ( 37 non- smokers and 18 smokers). Genomic DNA was extracted and 25 bacterial species were detected using PCR of 16S rRNA. Comparing smokers to non- smokers from each group was conducted using chi2 and binary logistic regression analysis. Results: After correcting for confounding factors, the odds of having Slackia exigua, Selenomonas sputigena and Campylobacter rectus was higher among healthy smokers ( ORadj = 10.1, 6.62 and 5.62 respectively). While for CP group, the highest odds were observed for Treponema amylovorum, Treponema medium, Slackia exigua and Treponema vincentii ( ORadj = 20.7, 7.97, 6.37 and 5.37 respectively) and the increase in Treponema amylovorum was statistically significant ( p = 0.05). Conclusion: Smoking affects the subgingival bacterial profile in healthy individuals and is responsible for the depletion of beneficial bacteria and the increase in periodontopathogenic bacteria. In the CP patient group, our study suggests that subgingival bacteria ( particularly Treponema species) make a more substantial contribution in the etiology of CP among non- smokers. Further studies using a larger sample set and more sensitive and quantitative techniques ( such as real - time PCR) are needed to enhance our understanding of the exact effect of smoking on subgingival biofilm.
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