| 1. |
- Larson, Mia
(författare)
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Festival Innovation : Complex and Dynamic Network Interaction
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1502-2250 .- 1502-2269. ; 9:2-3, s. 288-307
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article argues that festival innovation is a highly cooperative endeavour among many actors in an inter-organizational network. The aim is to understand how collaborative festival innovation is performed and who takes part in the process. Material from case studies of three Swedish festivals showed that innovation takes place in complex networks involving many actors having various interests. Innovation networks are often highly dynamic and changing: innovation often takes place in new partnerships. The innovation work is hard to plan: it is to a large degree an emergent process and sometimes innovation originates from improvisation. Some innovation can, however, become institutionalized and embedded in the routines of the partnership interaction. Festival organizers need to reflect on their network and relate strategically to how their partners can contribute to successful festival innovation.
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| 2. |
- Lundmark, Linda, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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International migration, self-employment and restructuring through tourism in sparsely populated areas
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 1502-2250 .- 1502-2269. ; 14:4, s. 422-440
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research has shown that different forms of migration in general, and tourism-related international migration in particular, could act as potential drivers for various forms of rural transformations. This paper investigates self-employment in tourism among foreign-born people in rural Sweden. The questions addressed in this paper are: What is the magnitude of self-employment, and what types of business do in-migrants run, in rural areas? A discussion on the extent to which in-migrants to rural areas contribute to rural restructuring through self-employment in tourism follows. The results are analyzed by drawing on theories connected to restructuring and ideas of the “new economy”. The longitudinal, individual and geo-referenced database ASTRID with official Swedish register data is used to identify foreign-born people self-employed in tourism in Sweden. Self- employment is more common for in-migrants coming from culturally proximate Western countries, followed by Asia and the Middle East. The length of time in Sweden plays a significant role in the incidence of self-employment in tourism, with restaurants dominating as the type of establishment. It can be discussed how much restaurants help invigorate the economy of rural areas, and how much they contribute to rural change and transformation in qualitative terms.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Sandell, Klas, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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The Right of Public Access : Opportunity or Obstacle for Nature Tourism in Sweden?
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. - : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. - 1502-2250 .- 1502-2269. ; 10:3, s. 291-309
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Access to countryside areas – by means of personal ownership, designated areas or free access – is fundamental to outdoor recreation and nature tourism. This paper examines the role of the Right of Public Access for public participation in outdoor recreation and nature tourism supply in Sweden. This right can be seen both as a “free space” for recreation and a way of restricting land ownership. Our study shows that the Right of Public Access has strong support among the Swedish public in general and that designated areas for recreation are less important than public access for outdoor recreation participation. Among nature tourism entrepreneurs, the Right of Public Access is considered a success factor to a much higher extent than an obstacle. We identify a tension between the general public and nature tourism entrepreneurs with respect to traditional backcountry activities such as hiking, cross‐country skiing and nature studies. One important challenge for the future will be to balance the demand for outdoor recreation with nature tourism opportunities for local economic development, and the paper concludes with a set of topics suggested for further discussion concerning the Right of Public Access in a dynamic world
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| 7. |
- Åkerlund, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Implementing Tourism Events : The Discourses of Umeå’s Bid for European Capital of Culture 2014
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1502-2250 .- 1502-2269. ; 12:2, s. 164-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Regional competitiveness has become a truism for many places today. In line with this “competitive discourse”, planners in Umeå, Northern Sweden, are seeking to create a “sticky” place where capital and people are attracted by enhancing the cultural sector through the hosting of events. By implementing the bid for the title of European Capital of Culture in 2014 through a positive growth-oriented discourse, it is hoped that a multitude of stakeholders will come together in a network of “co-creation”, and enhance an image of the city as a creative and gushing place with endless development possibilities. This paper studies how a development proposal is implemented among the stakeholders by seeking to create positive expectations. With a point of departure in stakeholder theory and interdiscursive analysis, this study explores the role of discourse in stakeholder dynamics and engagement. The results of this study show that implementation is not merely a marketing process, but different opinions will emerge that may contest the “official” discourse, and that the outcomes of the implementation strategy may be hard to control unless the “official” discourse is consciously elaborated to adapt to these counter-discourses.
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