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- Brikell, Isabell, et al.
(författare)
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Relative Immaturity in Childhood and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms From Childhood to Early Adulthood : Exploring Genetic and Environmental Overlap Across Development
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Elsevier. - 0890-8567 .- 1527-5418. ; 55:10, s. 886-895
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been linked to immaturity relative to peers in childhood, yet it is unclear how such immaturity is associated with ADHD across development. This longitudinal twin study examined the genetic and environmental contributions to the association between parents' perception of their child's immaturity relative to peers (RI) in childhood and ADHD symptoms across development.Method: 1,302 twin pairs from the Swedish Twin Study of Child and Adolescent Development were followed prospectively from childhood to early adulthood. Parent ratings of RI were collected at 8 to 9 years and parent and self-ratings of ADHD symptoms were collected at 8 to 9, 13 to 14, 16 to 17, and 19 to 20 years using the Child Behavior Checklist Attention Problems scale. In addition, ADHD symptoms corresponding to DSM criteria were used for sensitivity analysis. Analyses were conducted using longitudinal structural equation modeling with multiple raters.Results: RI-related etiologic factors, predominantly influenced by genes, explained 10-14% of the variance in ADHD symptoms from 8 to 9 up to 16 to 17 years. The influence of these RI-related factors on ADHD symptoms attenuated to 4% by 19 to 20 years of age. The remaining variance in ADHD symptoms was primarily explained by genetic factors independent of RI, which remained relatively stable across development, explaining 19% to 30% of the variance in ADHD symptoms from 13 to 14 up to 19 to 20 years.Conclusion: The results show that RI is significantly associated with ADHD symptoms, particularly during childhood and adolescence, and that the association is primarily explained by a shared genetic liability. Nevertheless, the magnitude of associations across development was modest, highlighting that RI is merely one aspect contributing to the complex etiology of ADHD symptoms.
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| 2. |
- Unenge Hallerbäck, Maria, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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SOCIAL MEDIA USE AND EATING DISORDER RISK IN YOUNG PEOPLE : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - : Elsevier. - 0890-8567 .- 1527-5418. ; 62:10, s. S202-S202
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Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the relationship between social media (SM) use and eating disorder (ED) risk in young people, identify mediating variables, and explore potential interventions.MethodsThe databases PubMed and PsycINFO were searched using 2 blocks in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The first block represented SM and the second represented ED. Boolean search commands were used to bring the blocks together. The review includes studies published from 2016 until Feb 2023. After duplicates were removed, a total of 389 records were screened, 306 were excluded based on title and abstract, and another 63 were...ResultsA total of 20 articles were included in the study. The cross-sectional studies (n = 12) comprised 11,015 participants and the longitudinal (n = 3) studies included 15,264 participants, while the experimental (n = 2) studies had 220 participants. Three interventional studies with 1123 participants, examined interventions to reduce the impact of SM on ED risk. The risk of bias assessments were based on different templates from the Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of...ConclusionsDifferent types of SM use are linked to the risk of developing ED. Possible mediating variables include upward comparison, internalization of the thin ideal, and body surveillance. One potential intervention could be offering SM literacy classes.
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