| 1. |
- Larsson, Charlotte A, et al.
(författare)
-
Leisure time and occupational physical activity in relation to obesity and insulin resistance: a population-based study from the Skaraborg Project in Sweden.L
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 0026-0495. ; 61:4, s. 590-598
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective was to study obesity and insulin resistance in relation to leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and occupational physical activity (OPA) in a Swedish population, with particular focus on sex differences. Using a cross-sectional design, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), glucose/insulin metabolism, blood pressure, heart rate, self-reported education, smoking, alcohol consumption, LTPA, and OPA were assessed in 1745 men and women (30-74 years) randomly chosen from 2 municipalities in southwestern Sweden. In both men and women, LTPA was inversely associated with BMI, waist circumference, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), respectively. These associations remained statistically significant after adjustments for age, OPA, education, alcohol consumption, smoking, and study area, and also for BMI in the analyses concerning waist circumference and HOMA-IR. A statistically significant interaction term (P = .030), adjusted for multiple confounders, revealed a stronger association between LTPA and HOMA-IR in women compared with men. Occupational physical activity was positively associated with BMI (P < .001), waist circumference (P < .001), and HOMA-IR (P = .001), however, only in women. These associations remained when adjusting for multiple confounders. The sex differences were confirmed by statistically significant interaction terms between sex and OPA in association with BMI, waist circumference, and HOMA-IR, respectively. The observed sex differences regarding the strength of the association between LTPA and insulin resistance, and the positive association between OPA and obesity and insulin resistance found solely in women, warrant further investigation. Although exploration of the metabolic effects of OPA appears to be needed, thorough measurement of potential confounders is also vital to understand contextual effects.
|
|
| 2. |
- Siddiqui, Faiza, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of a culturally adapted lifestyle intervention on cardio-metabolic outcomes: a randomized controlled trial in Iraqi immigrants to Sweden at high risk for Type 2 diabetes
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental. - : Elsevier BV. - 0026-0495 .- 1532-8600. ; 66, s. 1-13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background andAims Middle-Eastern immigrants constitute a growing proportion of the Swedish population and are at high risk for Type 2 diabetes. This calls for a more proactive preventive approach for dealing with diabetes risk in this target group. The aim was to test the effect of a culturally adapted lifestyle intervention programme on changes in lifestyle habits and cardio-metabolic outcomes comparing an intervention group with a control group receiving usual care. Methods Citizens of Malmö, Sweden born in Iraq and at high risk for Type 2 diabetes (n=636) were invited. Participation rate was 15.1%. In all, 96 participants were randomized to the intervention group (n=50) or to the control group (n=46). The intervention group was offered seven group sessions addressing healthy diet and physical activity including one cooking class. Changes in body weight, physical activity levels and cardio-metabolic outcomes were evaluated using linear mixed-effects models. Results The mean follow-up time was 3.9 and 3.5months in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The drop-out rate from baseline to the last visit was 30.0% in the intervention group (n=15) and 30.4% in the control group (n=14). The mean insulin sensitivity index increased significantly at follow-up in the intervention group compared to the control group (10.9% per month, p=0.005). The intervention group also reached a significant reduction in body weight (0.4% per month, p=0.004), body mass index (0.4% per month, p=0.004) and LDL-cholesterol (2.1% per month, p=0.036) compared to the control group. In total, 14.3% in the intervention group reached the goal to lose ≥5% of body weight versus none in the control group. Conclusions This culturally adapted lifestyle intervention programme shows a beneficial effect on insulin action, body weight reduction, as well as LDL-cholesterol reduction, in Middle-Eastern immigrants. The programme adapted to resources in primary health care provides tools for improved primary prevention and reduced cardio-metabolic risk in this high-risk group for Type 2 diabetes. © 2016 The Authors
|
|
