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| 2. |
- Hult, Andreas, et al.
(author)
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Transfusion of cryopreserved human red blood cells into healthy humans is associated with rapid extravascular hemolysis without a proinflammatory cytokine response
- 2013
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In: Transfusion. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0041-1132 .- 1537-2995. ; 53:1, s. 28-33
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Transfusion of stored red blood cells (RBCs) can be associated with adverse side effects. Recent studies in mice transfused with stored RBCs showed that a strong proinflammatory cytokine storm was induced due to extravascular hemolysis already at 2 hours after transfusion. Therefore, we here investigated if transfusion of 2 units of cryopreserved autologous RBCs induced a proinflammatory response in healthy human volunteers.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Two units of autologous RBCs, cryopreserved for 16 weeks, were transfused into 10 healthy human volunteers. Serum and blood samples taken at 2 hours before and at 2 and 48 hours after transfusion were analyzed for signs of extravascular hemolysis and the presence of proinflammatory cytokines.RESULTS: At 2 hours after transfusion, transferin-bound serum iron, as well as transferin saturation and total bilirubin, were already significantly increased. These measures all returned back toward that in pretransfusion samples at 48 hours after transfusion. No increases in the production of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1β, or tumor necrosis factor-α were detected at any time point after transfusion.CONCLUSION: Although a significant level of extravascular hemolysis already occurred at 2 hours after transfusion of cryopreserved RBCs, there were no signs of proinflammatory cytokine production up to 48 hours after transfusion.
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| 3. |
- Åberg, Anna-Maja, 1974-, et al.
(author)
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Carbon monoxide concentration in donated blood : relation to cigarette smoking and other sources
- 2009
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In: Transfusion. - : Wiley. - 0041-1132 .- 1537-2995. ; 49:2, s. 347-353
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Carbon monoxide (CO) is normally present in the human body due to endogenous production of CO. CO can also be inhaled by exposure to external sources such as cigarette smoke, car exhaust, and fire. The purpose of this study was to investigate CO concentrations in blood from 410 blood donors at the blood center in Umea, Sweden. To further evaluate the effects of cigarette smoking on CO concentrations, the elimination time for CO was examined in six volunteer smokers after a smoked cigarette. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Blood samples from whole blood donors were obtained during the blood center's routine operation. In connection with blood donations, demographic and behavioral data were collected from the donors. The CO concentration was determined using gas chromatography. RESULTS: The majority of blood donors had approximately the same CO concentration (mean, 84.5 micromol/L). In 6 percent of the samples, the concentrations were higher than 130 micromol per L. The highest CO concentration was 561 micromol per L. The main source for these high CO concentrations appeared to be cigarette smoking. In the volunteer smokers, the elimination time after a smoked cigarette varied significantly, with elimination half-lives from 4.7 to 8.4 hours. CONCLUSION: These results show that blood bank red blood cell bags may have CO concentrations above the physiologic level. The time interval between cigarette smoking and blood donation seems to be a particularly important factor for elevated CO concentrations.
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| 4. |
- Larsson, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Red blood cells with elevated cytoplasmic Ca2+ are primarily taken up by splenic marginal zone macrophages and CD207+dendritic cells
- 2016
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In: Transfusion. - : Wiley. - 0041-1132 .- 1537-2995. ; 56:7, s. 1834-1844
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The normal red blood cell (RBC) life span may be significantly reduced when RBCs are stored under blood bank conditions, resulting in a reduced 24-hour survival after transfusion. The damage of stored RBCs is probably multifactorial as stored RBCs share features of both senescence and suicidal RBC death (eryptosis). Since an increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+](i)) is one key feature of eryptosis, we here investigated if stored human RBCs had increased [Ca2+](i) and the mechanisms behind uptake of such RBCs in a murine model.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The intracellular Ca2+ content of RBCs was determined using the Ca2+ probe Fluo-3 and flow cytometry. In vivo uptake of Ca2+ ionophore-treated murine RBCs (Ca2+-RBCs) was investigated in recipient mice, using flow cytometry and immunohistochemical analysis.RESULTS: A small fraction of human RBCs accumulated [Ca2+](i) during storage for up to 42 days under blood bank conditions. In a murine model, where fresh or Ca2+-RBCs were transfused, Ca2+-RBCs were mainly trapped by MARCO+ splenic marginal zone macrophages and CD11c+ CD207+ dendritic cells (DCs) within 1 hour after transfusion. In marked contrast, freshly transfused RBCs aging normally in circulation were cleared much slower and preferentially by F4/80+ red pulp macrophages. CD47 on the Ca2+-RBCs did not affect their clearance by splenic phagocytic cells.CONCLUSIONS: A small fraction of RBCs accumulate [Ca2+](i) during storage, and in a murine model such RBCs are recognized by splenic macrophages and DCs in ways similar to what has been reported for nucleated apoptotic cells.
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| 5. |
- Petersson, Annika, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of a routine hematology analyzer for quality control of leukoreduced plasma
- 2019
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In: Transfusion. - : Wiley. - 0041-1132 .- 1537-2995. ; 9:10, s. 3214-3218
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Quality control of residual white blood cells (WBCs) and red blood cells (RBCs) in leukoreduced plasma is mandatory. Although technological advances have been made, analysis of quality controls using routine hematology analyzers has not generally been introduced. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the routine hematology analyzer Sysmex XN‐10, (Sysmex Nordic ApS) could be used for quality control of residual WBCs and RBCs in leukoreduced plasma.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Linearity, accuracy, and precision were established for two Sysmex XN‐10 analyzers using spiked donor plasma. ADAM rWBC (NanoEnTek) and manual counting in the Bürker chamber (NanoEnTek) were reference methods for WBCs and RBCs, respectively. Twenty‐five consecutive leukoreduced donor plasma samples were also tested.RESULTS: For WBCs, the linearity criteria were met for the ADAM rWBC, but not for the Sysmex XN‐10 instruments. Precision on both Sysmex XN‐10 instruments was accurate only at 6 cells/μL, and accuracy was consistently acceptable only at 5 to 6 cells/μL. The precision and accuracy of the ADAM rWBC were acceptable at 2 to 6 cells/μL.For RBCs, both Sysmex XN‐10 instruments and manual counting in the Bürker chamber were linear and fulfilled the precision criteria. Accuracy was acceptable for both Sysmex instruments at 6 to 12 × 109 WBCs/L but fluctuated within the study's measuring range for the Bürker chamber.No false‐positive results were seen in the 25 consecutive donor plasma samples tested.CONCLUSION: For quality control purposes of leukoreduced plasma, the Sysmex XN‐10 analyzer is suitable for the enumeration of residual RBCs but not of residual WBCs.
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| 6. |
- Petersson, Annika, et al.
(author)
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Methods for counting residual leukocytes in leukocyte-depleted plasma-a comparison between a routine hematology instrument, the Nageotte chamber, flow cytometry, and a fluorescent microscopy analyzer
- 2017
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In: Transfusion. - : WILEY. - 0041-1132 .- 1537-2995. ; 57:5, s. 1192-1198
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Counting very low levels of leukocytes is technically challenging but mandatory for quality control of leukocyte-depleted plasma. Established assays, such as flow cytometry and counting in the Nageotte chamber, are laborious and expensive. The aim of this study was to test two alternative assays, the cerebrospinal fluid program in the routine hematology analyzer ADVIA 2120 and a fluorescence microscopy analyzer, the ADAM-rWBC. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Linearity, accuracy, and precision were established for the ADVIA 2120, the ADAM-rWBC analyzer and the Nageotte chamber with flow cytometry as the reference method. Two hundred consecutive leukocyte-depleted donor plasma samples were also tested. RESULTS: The ADAM-rWBC analyzer and the Nageotte chamber fulfilled all quality requirements. Flow cytometry fulfilled the requirements for linearity and precision. The ADVIA 2120 analyzer did not fully reach the quality criteria, and flow cytometry did not reach quality criteria on accuracy. No false-positive results on donor plasma samples were recorded. CONCLUSION: The ADAM-rWBC is suitable for the purpose of quality control of residual leukocytes in leukocyte-depleted plasma. For the ADVIA 2120, further improvements and studies are needed to reach the quality requirements stated in this study.
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| 7. |
- Refsum, Erle, et al.
(author)
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Intracranial hemorrhages in neonates born from 32 weeks of gestation - low frequency of associated fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia : a register-based study
- 2018
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In: Transfusion. - : Wiley. - 0041-1132 .- 1537-2995. ; 58:1, s. 223-231
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is a rare condition, with an estimated incidence of one in 1000 to 2000 live births. Predominantly, FNAIT is due to maternal alloantibodies that target paternally derived human platelet antigen (HPA) 1a. The most feared complication is an intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of associated maternal platelet (PLT) alloimmunization in a population of neonates born from 32 weeks of gestation and diagnosed with an ICH.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The Swedish Neonatal Quality (SNQ) register was used to identify neonates diagnosed with an ICH born between 2003 and 2012. Mothers were invited to donate peripheral blood, to investigate their HPA-1a antigen status, and test for anti-HPA and anti-HLA Class I alloantibodies. Clinical data for the neonates were retrieved from the SNQ register and available clinical records.RESULTS: Of 286 registered neonates, 278 mothers were contacted. Of 105 analyzed maternal samples, two (1.9%) were HPA-1a antigen negative. Antibody analyses revealed in total three (2.9%) mothers with anti-HPA: one mother (0.94%) with anti-HPA-1a and two mothers (1.9%) with anti-HPA-5b, of whom one had concurrent anti-HPA-15a. Twenty-four percent tested positive for anti-HLA Class I antibodies. A total of 8.5% of neonates (5/59) with PLT counts available in clinical records were severely thrombocytopenic, with PLT counts of less than 50 × 109/L.CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective cohort revealed a wide range of factors associated with ICH in neonates born from 32 weeks of gestation and suggests PLT alloimmunization to be a less common contributor than anticipated.
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| 8. |
- Sjöberg Wester, Elisabet, et al.
(author)
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Genetic basis of the K phenotype in the Swedish population.
- 2005
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In: Transfusion. - : Wiley. - 1537-2995 .- 0041-1132. ; 45:4, s. 545-549
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract in Undetermined BACKGROUND: The absence of all Kell blood group antigens (K0 phenotype) is very rare. K0 persons, however, can produce clinically significant anti-Ku (K5) after transfusion and/or pregnancy and require K0 blood for transfusion. Ten alleles giving rise to the K0 phenotype have been reported: different populations were studied although none from Scandinavia. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Three K0 samples were identified by blood banks in Sweden (Uppsala,Umeå, and Linköping) during a 20-year period. Kell antigen typing was performed with standard serologic techniques by the respective blood banks and K 0 status was confirmed by the International Blood GroupReference Laboratory in Bristol, England. Polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing of the KEL coding region (exons 1-19) was performed on genomic DNA. RESULTS:The Uppsala K0 was homozygous for a 1540C>T substitution in exon 13, leading to an immediate stop codon. The Umeå K0 was homozygous for 1023delG in exon 8 that results in a frameshift and a premature stop codon in exon 9. In the Linköping K0, a previously reported mutation g>a at +1 of intron 3 was found. CONCLUSION: Two novel and one previously reported null alleles at the KEL locus are described. The identified nonsense mutations abolish expression of the Kell glycoprotein and are thus responsible for the K0 phenotype in these Swedish families.
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| 9. |
- Sojka, Peter, et al.
(author)
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Adverse effects in blood donors after wholeblood donation : you find what you look for!
- 2004
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In: Transfusion. - Umea Univ, Univ Umea Hosp, Dept Community Med & Rehabil, SE-90185 Umea, Sweden. Umea Univ, Univ Umea Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Ctr Blood, SE-90185 Umea, Sweden. : Wiley. - 0041-1132 .- 1537-2995. ; 44:1, s. 135-136
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 10. |
- Toss, Fredrik, 1984-, et al.
(author)
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Short Term Health Outcomes Following Whole Blood Donation : A Nationwide, Retrospective Cohort Study
- 2021
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In: Transfusion. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0041-1132 .- 1537-2995. ; 61:8, s. 2347-2355
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Blood donation is associated with a number of adverse events. Most of these are both uncommon and non-severe, leading to mild discomfort for the donor at worst. However, adverse events occurring outside of the donation facility have largely not been studied. In this study, we aim to further the understanding by performing the first large-scale analysis of short-term risks following whole blood donation.Methods: We set up a nationwide cohort of donors who donated whole blood between 1987 and 2018. Analyses were conducted using conditional logistic regression in a self-comparison design, where each donor was compared only to themselves, considering the 30-day risk of 16 outcomes following whole blood donation. Outcomes included cardiac/vascular diseases such as myocardial infarction, unspecified conditions such as fainting, accidents or external causes of injury, and death.Results: A total of 963,311 donors were included, 19,670 of whom experienced at least one of the outcomes within 30 days of a blood donation. For fainting and hypotonia we observed transient 2 to 5-fold risk increases on the day of donation and the subsequent 2–3 days. Importantly, the risk increase for the most pronounced effect corresponded to less than 1 additional events of fainting per 200,000 blood donations. Risks of all other outcomes were either unaffected or lower than expected right after blood donation.Discussion: To conclude, we found no evidence of new or unexpected short-term health effects after blood donation and confirmed that risks of hypotension-related events requiring hospital care are present but small.
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