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- Larsson, Susanna C., et al.
(författare)
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Vitamin B-6 and Risk of Colorectal Cancer A Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). - : AMER MEDICAL ASSOC. - 0098-7484 .- 1538-3598. ; 303:11, s. 1077-1083
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context Mounting evidence indicates that vitamin B-6, a coenzyme involved in nearly 100 enzymatic reactions, may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. Objective To conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis of prospective studies assessing the association of vitamin B-6 intake or blood levels of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP; the active form of vitamin B-6) with risk of colorectal cancer. Data Sources Relevant studies were identified by a search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases to February 2010, with no restrictions. We also reviewed reference lists from retrieved articles. Study Selection We included prospective studies that reported relative risk (RR) estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between vitamin B-6 intake or blood PLP levels and the risk of colorectal, colon, or rectal cancer. Data Extraction Two authors independently extracted data and assessed study quality. Study-specific RRs were pooled using a random-effects model. Data Synthesis Nine studies on vitamin B-6 intake and 4 studies on blood PLP levels were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled RRs of colorectal cancer for the highest vs lowest category of vitamin B-6 intake and blood PLP levels were 0.90 (95% CI, 0.75-1.07) and 0.52 (95% CI, 0.38-0.71), respectively. There was heterogeneity among studies of vitamin B-6 intake (P=.01) but not among studies of blood PLP levels (P=.95). Omitting 1 study that contributed substantially to the heterogeneity among studies of vitamin B-6 intake yielded a pooled RR of 0.80 (95% CI, 0.69-0.92). The risk of colorectal cancer decreased by 49% for every 100-pmol/mL increase (approximately 2 SDs) in blood PLP levels (RR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.38-0.69). Conclusion Vitamin B-6 intake and blood PLP levels were inversely associated with the risk of colorectal cancer in this meta-analysis. JAMA. 2010; 303(11): 1077-1083
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- Smith-Warner, Stephanie A., et al.
(författare)
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Alcohol and breast cancer in women : A pooled analysis of cohort studies
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0098-7484 .- 1538-3598. ; 279:7, s. 535-540
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of invasive breast cancer associated with total and beverage-specific alcohol consumption and to evaluate whether dietary and nondietary factors modify the association. DATA SOURCES: We included in these analyses 6 prospective studies that had at least 200 incident breast cancer cases, assessed long-term intake of food and nutrients, and used a validated diet assessment instrument. The studies were conducted in Canada, the Netherlands, Sweden, and the United States. Alcohol intake was estimated by food frequency questionnaires in each study. The studies included a total of 322647 women evaluated for up to 11 years, including 4335 participants with a diagnosis of incident invasive breast cancer. DATA EXTRACTION: Pooled analysis of primary data using analyses consistent with each study's original design and the random-effects model for the overall pooled analyses. DATA SYNTHESIS: For alcohol intakes less than 60 g/d (reported by >99% of participants), risk increased linearly with increasing intake; the pooled multivariate relative risk for an increment of 10 g/d of alcohol (about 0.75-1 drink) was 1.09 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.13; P for heterogeneity among studies, .71). The multivariate-adjusted relative risk for total alcohol intakes of 30 to less than 60 g/d (about 2-5 drinks) vs nondrinkers was 1.41 (95% CI, 1.18-1.69). Limited data suggested that alcohol intakes of at least 60 g/d were not associated with further increased risk. The specific type of alcoholic beverage did not strongly influence risk estimates. The association between alcohol intake and breast cancer was not modified by other factors. CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol consumption is associated with a linear increase in breast cancer incidence in women over the range of consumption reported by most women. Among women who consume alcohol regularly, reducing alcohol consumption is a potential means to reduce breast cancer risk.
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- Wolk, Alicja, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term fatty fish consumption and renal cell carcinoma incidence in women
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). - Karolinska Inst, Natl Inst Environm Med, Div Nutr Epidemiol, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Hosp, Dept Urol, Orebro, Sweden. Univ Hosp, Ctr Assessment Med Technol, Orebro, Sweden. Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Mol Med & Surg, Stockholm, Sweden. : AMER MEDICAL ASSOC. - 0098-7484 .- 1538-3598. ; 296:11, s. 1371-1376
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context The epidemiological evidence that fatty fish consumption may be associated with the lower risk of several cancers is not consistent and no studies of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) exist. Objective To examine the association between fatty and lean fish consumption and risk of RCC in women. Design, Setting, and Participants The Swedish Mammography Cohort, a population-based prospective cohort study of 61 433 women aged 40 to 76 years without previous diagnosis of cancer at baseline ( March 1, 1987-December 14, 1990). Participants filled in a food frequency questionnaire at baseline and in September 1997. Main Outcome Measure Incident renal cell carcinoma. Results During a mean of 15.3 years ( 940 357 person-years) of follow-up between 1987 and 2004, 150 incident RCC cases were diagnosed. After adjustment for potential confounders, an inverse association of fatty fish consumption with the risk of RCC was found ( P for trend=.02), but no association was found with lean fish consumption. Compared with no consumption, the multivariate rate ratio (RR) was 0.56 ( 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35-0.91) for women eating fatty fish once a week or more. Compared with women consistently reporting no fish consumption, the multivariate RR was 0.26 ( 95% CI, 0.10-0.67) for those women reporting consistent consumption of fatty fish at baseline and 1997 ( based on a subset of 36 664 women who filled in the baseline and 1997 questionnaires, with 40 incident RCC cases during the 1998-2004 follow-up period). Conclusion Our study suggests that consumption of fatty fish may reduce the occurrence of RCC in women.
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