| 1. |
- Chen, Hui, et al.
(författare)
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Associations of the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay diet with brain structural markers and their changes
- 2024
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 20:2, s. 1190-1200
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: The associations of the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet with brain structural changes are unclear.METHODS: Among 26,466 UK Biobank participants, a 15-point MIND score was calculated from 24-hour diet recalls from 2009 to 2012. We assessed its associations with 17 magnetic-resonance-derived brain volumetric markers and their longitudinal changes and explored whether genetic factors modify the associations.RESULTS: Higher MIND adherence was associated with larger volumes of thalamus, putamen, pallidum, hippocampus, and accumbens (beta per 3-unit increment ranging from 0.024 to 0.033) and lower white matter hyperintensities (P-trends < 0.05), regardless of genetic predispositions of Alzheimer's disease. MIND score was not associated with their longitudinal changes (P > 0.05) over a median of 2.2 years among participants with repeated imaging assessments (N = 2963), but was associated with slower atrophy in putamen (beta: 0.026, P-trend = 0.044) and pallidum (beta: 0.030, P-trend = 0.033) among APOE ε4 non-carriers (N = 654).DISCUSSION: The MIND diet showed beneficial associations with certain brain imaging markers, and its associations with long-term brain structural changes warrants future investigation.
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| 2. |
- Dove, Abigail, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiometabolic multimorbidity accelerates cognitive decline and dementia progression
- 2023
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 19:3, s. 821-830
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) have been individually associated with adverse cognitive outcomes, but their combined effect has not been investigated.Methods: A total of 2577 dementia-free participants 60 years of age or older were followed for 12 years to observe changes in cognitive function and to detect incident cognitive impairment, no dementia (CIND) and dementia. CMDs (including type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke) were assessed at baseline through medical records and clinical examinations. Cardiometabolic multimorbidity was defined as the presence of two or more CMDs. Data were analyzed using multi-adjusted linear mixed-effects models, Cox regression, and Laplace regression.Results: CMD multimorbidity was associated with cognitive decline, CIND (hazard ratio [HR] 1.73; 95% confidence interval CI 1.23 to 2.44), and its progression to dementia (HR 1.86; 95% CI 1.17 to 2.97). CMD multimorbidity accelerated the onset of CIND by 2.3 years and dementia by 1.8 years.Conclusions: CMD multimorbidity accelerates cognitive decline and increases the risk of both CIND and its conversion to dementia.
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| 3. |
- Li, Xuerui, et al.
(författare)
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High lifelong cognitive reserve prolongs disability-free survival : The role of cognitive function
- 2023
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 19:1, s. 208-216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The association between cognitive reserve (CR) and survival with independence is unknown. We examined whether lifelong CR accumulation is associated with disability-free survival and explored the extent to which cognitive function mediates this association.Methods: Within the Rush Memory and Aging Project, 1633 dementia- and disability-free participants were followed annually for up to 22 years. Lifelong CR including education, early-/mid-/late-life cognitive activities, and late-life social activity was assessed and tertiled.Results: CR score was dose-dependently associated with disability/death (hazard ratio [HR] 0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.93–0.99). Compared to low CR, the HR (95% CI) of disability/death was 0.82 (0.70–0.95) for high CR. The median disability-free survival time was prolonged by 0.99 (95% CI 0.28–1.71) years for participants with high CR. Cognitive function mediated 35.7% of the association between CR and disability-free survival.Discussion: High lifelong CR was associated with prolonged disability-free survival. Cognitive function mediates about one-third of this association. Our findings underscore the importance of CR for healthy aging.
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| 4. |
- Marseglia, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Can active life mitigate the impact of diabetes on dementia and brain aging?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 16:11, s. 1534-1543
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: We investigated whether lifelong exposure to stimulating activities (active life, AL) mitigates diabetes-associated dementia risk and brain aging.Methods: In the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care-Kungsholmen, 2286 dementia-free older adults (407 with MRI volumetric measures) were followed over 12 years to detect incident dementia. AL index (low, moderate, high) combined education, work complexity, leisure activities, and social network.Results: Participants with diabetes and low AL had higher dementia risk (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.45-3.87) than patients who were diabetes-free with moderate-to-high AL (reference). Dementia risk in participants with diabetes and moderate-to-high AL did not differ from the reference. People with diabetes and low AL had the smallest brain volume, but those with diabetes and moderate-to-high AL exhibited total brain and gray-matter volumes that were similar to those of diabetes-free participants. AL did not modify the diabetes microvascular lesions association.Discussion: AL could mitigate the deleterious impact of diabetes on dementia, potentially by limiting the loss of brain tissue volume.
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| 5. |
- Marseglia, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Prediabetes and diabetes accelerate cognitive decline and predict microvascular lesions : A population-based cohort study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 15:1, s. 25-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The impact of prediabetes and diabetes on cognitive decline and the potential underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated whether prediabetes and diabetes accelerate cognitive decline and brain aging, and the initial pathological changes linked to microvascular processes.Methods: Nine-year longitudinal data from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care-Kungsholmen (n = 2746, age >= 60 years) and the magnetic resonance imaging subsample (n = 455) were used. Cognitive function was assessed with Mini-Mental State Examination. Brain magnetic resonance imaging markers included total brain tissue, white matter, gray matter, white matter hyperintensities, and hippocampal volumes.Results: Compared with diabetes-free status, prediabetes and diabetes were independently associated with accelerated cognitive decline. Prediabetes was cross-sectionally associated with smaller total brain tissue volume (P < .01), particularly smaller white matter volume. Diabetes was associated with larger white matter hyperintensities volume. Longitudinally, diabetes was associated with faster white matter hyperintensities accumulation. No associations between prediabetes or diabetes and hippocampal volume were found.Discussion: Diabetes and prediabetes accelerate cognitive decline and might predict microvascular lesions among dementia-free older adults.
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| 6. |
- Shakersain, Behnaz, et al.
(författare)
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Prudent diet may attenuate the adverse effects of Western diet on cognitive decline
- 2016
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 12:2, s. 100-109
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The influence of mixed dietary patterns on cognitive changes is unknown. Methods: A total of 2223 dementia-free participants aged >= 60 were followed up for 6 years to examine the impact of dietary patterns on cognitive decline. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was administered. Diet was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. By factor analysis, Western and prudent dietary patterns emerged. Mixed-effect models for longitudinal data with repeated measurements were used. Results: Compared with the lowest adherence to each pattern, the highest adherence to prudent pattern was related to less MMSE decline (beta = 0.106, P = .011), whereas the highest adherence to Western pattern was associated with more MMSE decline (beta = -0.156, P < .001). The decline associated withWestern diet was attenuated when accompanied by high adherence to prudent pattern. Discussion: High adherence to prudent diet may diminish the adverse effects of high adherence to Western diet on cognitive decline.
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| 7. |
- Shang, Ying, et al.
(författare)
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Association of diabetes with stroke and post-stroke dementia : A population-based cohort study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 16:7, s. 1003-1012
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The impact of prediabetes and diabetes on stroke and the development of dementia after a stroke remain unclear.Methods: A total of 2655 dementia-free participants (including a stroke-free cohort and a prevalent stroke cohort) were followed-up for 12 years. Dementia and post-stroke dementia were determined by clinical examinations and national registry data. Diabetes was ascertained via medical examination, medication use, medical records, or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) >= 6.5%. Prediabetes was defined as H bA1c >= 5.7% in diabetes-free participants.Results: In the stroke-free cohort, 236 participants developed ischemic stroke, and 47 developed post-stroke dementia. Diabetes was associated with ischemic stroke (hazard ratio [HR] 1.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.16 to 2.67) and post-stroke dementia (HR 2.56, 95% CI 1.04 to 6.25). In the prevalent stroke cohort, diabetes was also related to dementia risk. Prediabetes was not significantly related to stroke or post-stroke dementia.Discussion: Diabetes, but not prediabetes, is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke and post-stroke dementia.
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| 8. |
- Song, Ruixue, et al.
(författare)
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Association of cardiovascular risk burden with risk of dementia and brain pathologies : A population-based cohort study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 17:12, s. 1914-1922
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction The impact of cardiovascular risk burden on brain pathologies remains unclear. We aimed to examine the association of the Framingham General Cardiovascular Risk Score (FGCRS) with dementia risk, and brain pathologies. Methods Within the Rush Memory and Aging Project, 1588 dementia-free participants were assessed on FGCRS at baseline and followed up to 21 years. During the follow-up, 621 participants died and underwent autopsies. Results The multi-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) of FGCRS were 1.03 (1.00-1.07) for dementia and 1.04 (1.01-1.07) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. Further, a higher FGCRS was associated with higher gross chronic cerebral infarctions (odds ratio [OR] 1.08, 95% CI 1.02-1.14), cerebral atherosclerosis (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.03-1.17), and global AD pathology (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01-1.12). Conclusions A higher FGCRS is associated with an increased risk of dementia and AD dementia. Both vascular and AD pathologies in the brain may underlie this association.
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| 9. |
- Wang, Jiao, et al.
(författare)
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Pulmonary function is associated with cognitive decline and structural brain differences
- 2022
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : Wiley. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 18:7, s. 1335-1344
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The association of poor pulmonary function (PF) with cognitive trajectories and structural brain differences remains unclear. Within the Rush Memory and Aging Project, 1377 dementia-free subjects were followed up to 21 years. PF was assessed with a composite score measured at baseline. Global and domain-specific cognitive function was assessed annually constructed from 19 cognitive tests. A subsample of 351 participants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the cross-sectional association between PF and structural brain volumes. We found that low PF was related to faster decline in global cognition, and domain-specific function including episodic memory, semantic memory, working memory, visuospatial ability, and perceptual speed. In addition, low PF was associated with smaller volumes of total brain, white matter and gray matter, and larger white matter hyperintensities volume. Our results suggest that low PF is associated with faster cognitive decline, and both neurodegeneration and vascular brain lesions may underlie the association.
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| 10. |
- Wang, Rui, et al.
(författare)
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Shared risk and protective factors between Alzheimer's disease and ischemic stroke : A population-based longitudinal study.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Alzheimer's & Dementia. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1552-5260 .- 1552-5279. ; 17:2, s. 191-204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Stroke, especially ischemic stroke's (IS) link with Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear.METHODS: This prospective cohort study included 2459 AD- and cerebrovascular disease-free older adults at baseline (mean age 71.9 ± 10.3 years, Stockholm, Sweden). Using Cox regressions, shared risk factors (SRFs) and shared protective factors (SPFs) between AD and IS were recognized when their hazard ratios in both AD and IS models were significant and in the same direction.RESULTS: During the follow-up period of up to 15 years, 132 AD and 260 IS mutually exclusive cases were identified. SRFs were low education, sedentary lifestyle, and heart diseases. High levels of psychological well-being, actively engaging in leisure activities, and a rich social network were SPFs. Having ≥1 SPF reduced 47% of AD and 28% of IS risk among people with a low risk profile (<2 SRFs), and 38% of AD and 31% of IS risk with a high risk profile (≥2 SRFs). In total, 57.8% of AD/IS cases could be prevented if individuals have ≥1 SPF and no SRF.DISCUSSION: AD and IS share risk/protective profiles, and SPFs seem to counteract the adverse effects of SRFs on both AD and IS.
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