| 1. |
- Almqvist, Catarina, et al.
(författare)
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LifeGene - A large prospective population-based study of global relevance
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - Stockholm : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 26:1, s. 67-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Studying gene-environment interactions requires that the amount and quality of the lifestyle data is comparable to what is available for the corresponding genomic data. Sweden has several crucial prerequisites for comprehensive longitudinal biomedical research, such as the personal identity number, the universally available national health care system, continuously updated population and health registries and a scientifically motivated population. LifeGene builds on these strengths to bridge the gap between basic research and clinical applications with particular attention to populations, through a unique design in a research-friendly setting. LifeGene is designed both as a prospective cohort study and an infrastructure with repeated contacts of study participants approximately every 5 years. Index persons aged 18-45 years old will be recruited and invited to include their household members (partner and any children). A comprehensive questionnaire addressing cutting-edge research questions will be administered through the web with short follow-ups annually. Biosamples and physical measurements will also be collected at baseline, and re-administered every 5 years thereafter. Event-based sampling will be a key feature of LifeGene. The household-based design will give the opportunity to involve young couples prior to and during pregnancy, allowing for the first study of children born into cohort with complete pre-and perinatal data from both the mother and father. Questions and sampling schemes will be tailored to the participants' age and life events. The target of LifeGene is to enrol 500,000 Swedes and follow them longitudinally for at least 20 years.
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| 2. |
- Hantikainen, Essi, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary fat intake and risk of Parkinson disease : results from the Swedish National March Cohort
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 37:6, s. 603-613
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Following progressive aging of the population worldwide, the prevalence of Parkinson disease is expected to increase in the next decades. Primary prevention of the disease is hampered by limited knowledge of preventable causes. Recent evidence regarding diet and Parkinson disease is inconsistent and suggests that dietary habits such as fat intake may have a role in the etiology.Objective: To investigate the association between intake of total and specific types of fat with the incidence of Parkinson disease.Methods: Participants from the Swedish National March Cohort were prospectively followed-up from 1997 to 2016. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Food items intake was used to estimate fat intake, i.e. the exposure variable, using the Swedish Food Composition Database. Total, saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat intake were categorized into quartiles. Parkinson disease incidence was ascertained through linkages to Swedish population-based registers. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the association between fat intake from total or specific types of fats and the incidence of Parkinson disease. The lowest intake category was used as reference. Isocaloric substitution models were also fitted to investigate substitution effects by replacing energy from fat intake with other macronutrients or specific types of fat.Results: 41,597 participants were followed up for an average of 17.6 years. Among them, 465 developed Parkinson disease. After adjusting for potential confounders, the highest quartile of saturated fat intake was associated with a 41% increased risk of Parkinson disease compared to the lowest quartile (HR Q4 vs. Q1: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.04–1.90; p for trend: 0.03). Total, monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fat intake were not significantly associated with Parkinson disease. The isocaloric substitution models did not show any effect.Conclusions: We found that a higher consumption of large amounts of saturated fat might be associated with an increased risk of Parkinson disease. A diet low in saturated fat might be beneficial for disease prevention.
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| 3. |
- Lagerros, Ylva Trolle, et al.
(författare)
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Physical activity and the risk of hip fracture in the elderly : a prospective cohort study
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 32:11, s. 983-991
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physical activity has been inversely associated with the risk of hip fracture, however, few studies have been conducted on the contributions from different domains of physical activity. This study was performed to investigate the association between daily household activities, leisure time physical activity, work-related physical activity and total physical activity during a 24-h period, and the risk of hip fracture. In the Swedish National March Cohort we followed 23,881 men and women aged of 50 and over from 1997 until 2010. Information on domain-specific physical activity was collected at baseline using a questionnaire. We fitted separate multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazard models to each domain to obtain hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Each model was mutually adjusted for the other domains of physical activity. During a mean follow-up period of 12.2 years we identified 824 incidents of hip fracture. Subjects who spent less than 1 h per week engaged in daily household activities had an 85% higher risk of hip fracture than subjects spending ≥6 h per week carrying out daily household activities (HR 1.85; 95% CI 1.01-3.38). Subjects engaged in leisure time physical activities for >3.1 MET-h/day had a 24% lower risk of hip fracture (HR 0.76; 95% CI 0.59-0.98) than subjects spending <1.1 MET-h/day performing such activities. No association was found between hip fracture and work-related or total physical activity. We conclude that daily household activities and leisure time physical activity may independently decrease the risk of hip fracture in those aged 50 and over.
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| 4. |
- van den Brandt, Piet A, et al.
(författare)
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Body size and weight change over adulthood and risk of breast cancer by menopausal and hormone receptor status : a pooled analysis of 20 prospective cohort studies
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Nature. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 36:1, s. 37-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Associations between anthropometric factors and breast cancer (BC) risk have varied inconsistently by estrogen and/or progesterone receptor (ER/PR) status. Associations between prediagnostic anthropometric factors and risk of premenopausal and postmenopausal BC overall and ER/PR status subtypes were investigated in a pooled analysis of 20 prospective cohorts, including 36,297 BC cases among 1,061,915 women, using multivariable Cox regression analyses, controlling for reproductive factors, diet and other risk factors. We estimated dose-response relationships and tested for nonlinear associations using restricted cubic splines. Height showed positive, linear associations for premenopausal and postmenopausal BC risk (6-7% RR increase per 5 cm increment), with stronger associations for receptor-positive subtypes. Body mass index (BMI) at cohort baseline was strongly inversely associated with premenopausal BC risk, and strongly positively-and nonlinearly-associated with postmenopausal BC (especially among women who never used hormone replacement therapy). This was primarily observed for receptor-positive subtypes. Early adult BMI (at 18-20 years) showed inverse, linear associations for premenopausal and postmenopausal BC risk (21% and 11% RR decrease per 5 kg/m2, respectively) with stronger associations for receptor-negative subtypes. Adult weight gain since 18-20 years was positively associated with postmenopausal BC risk, stronger for receptor-positive subtypes, and among women who were leaner in early adulthood. Women heavier in early adulthood generally had reduced premenopausal BC risk, independent of later weight gain. Positive associations between height, baseline (adult) BMI, adult weight gain and postmenopausal BC risk were substantially stronger for hormone receptor-positive versus negative subtypes. Premenopausal BC risk was positively associated with height, but inversely with baseline BMI and weight gain (mostly in receptor-positive subtypes). Inverse associations with early adult BMI seemed stronger in receptor-negative subtypes of premenopausal and postmenopausal BC.
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| 5. |
- Westerlund, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep characteristics and cardiovascular events in a large Swedish cohort
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 28:6, s. 463-473
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Limited evidence suggests that the association between sleep duration and cardiovascular events is strongest in individuals who also report sleep disturbances. We investigated sleep duration and insomnia symptoms in relation to incident cardiovascular events in the Swedish National March Cohort comprising 41,192 adults. Habitual sleep duration and difficulty falling asleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, early morning awakening, and nonrestorative sleep were self-reported in 1997. During 13.2 years of follow-up, we identified 4,031 events (myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, or death from cardiovascular disease) in the Swedish National Patient Register and the Cause of Death Register. After adjustment for potential confounders, short sleep duration (a parts per thousand currency sign5 h) was associated with slightly increased risks of overall cardiovascular events and, specifically, myocardial infarction: hazard ratio, HR (95 % confidence interval) 1.24 (1.06-1.44) and 1.42 (1.15-1.76), respectively. These HRs were attenuated as we included BMI, depressive symptoms and other relevant covariates in our analysis. Insomnia symptoms per se were unrelated to risk. However, in a joint analysis, there was some evidence that short sleepers who reported frequent insomnia symptoms had the highest HRs (1.26-1.39) of overall cardiovascular events. Short sleep or insomnia symptoms without the other conferred no increased risk. Our results suggest that symptoms of sleep disturbance should be taken into account when assessing the association between short sleep and cardiovascular disease.
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| 6. |
- Wiklund, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Lifetime total physical activity and prostate cancer risk : a population-based case-control study in Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - Berlin : Springer. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 23:11, s. 739-746
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The etiologic role of physical activity in prostate cancer development is unclear. We assessed the association between lifetime total physical activity and prostate cancer risk in a Swedish population-based case–control study comprising 1,449 incident prostate cancer cases and 1,118 unaffected population controls. Information regarding physical activity was obtained via a self-administered questionnaire assessing occupational, household, and recreational activity separately at various ages throughout an individual’s lifetime. Clinical data (TNM-classification, Gleason sum and PSA) was obtained from linkage to the National Prostate Cancer Registry. Overall, we observed no association between lifetime total physical activity and prostate cancer risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.77–1.41 for ≥49.7 vs. <41.9 metabolic equivalent-hours per day). There was a significantly increased risk of prostate cancer in the most active men compared with the least active men in household (OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.08–1.92) and recreational physical activity (OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.16–2.10). Comparing the most active with the least active men, total physical activity was not associated with either localized disease (OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.67–1.34) or advanced disease (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 0.83–1.71). These findings do not support the hypothesis that physical activity uniformly protects against prostate cancer development.
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