| 1. |
- Adamsson Eryd, Samuel, et al.
(författare)
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Inflammation-sensitive proteins and risk of atrial fibrillation: a population-based cohort study.
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7284 .- 0393-2990. ; 26, s. 449-455
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Low-grade inflammation has been repeatedly associated with cardiovascular diseases but the relationship with incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) remains unclear. We explored the association between elevated plasma levels of inflammation-sensitive proteins (ISPs) and incidence of AF in a population-based cohort. Plasma levels of five ISPs (fibrinogen, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, α(1)-antitrypsin and orosomucoid) and two complement factors (C3 and C4) were measured in 6,031 men (mean age 46.8 years) without history of myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke or cancer. Incidence of hospitalizations due to AF during a mean follow-up of 25 years was studied both in relation to individual inflammatory proteins and the number of elevated ISPs. During follow-up, 667 patients were hospitalized with a diagnosis of AF. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, the hazard ratios (HR) for AF were 1.00 (reference), 1.08 (95% CI: 0.88-1.31), 1.07 (CI: 0.84-1.36), and 1.40 (CI: 1.12-1.74), respectively, in men with none, one, two and three or more ISPs in the 4th quartile (P for trend = 0.007). Ceruloplasmin was the only individual ISP significantly associated with incidence of AF after adjustment for confounding factors (HR 1.17 per standard deviation, 95% CI: 1.08-1.26). In conclusion, a score of five ISPs was associated with long-term incidence of hospitalizations due to AF in middle-aged men. Of the individual ISPs, a significant association was observed for ceruloplasmin, a protein previously associated with copper metabolism and oxidative stress.
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| 2. |
- Brunkwall, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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The Malmö Offspring Study (MOS) : design, methods and first results.
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Nature. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 36, s. 103-116
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As cardio metabolic disease manifestations tend to cluster in families there is a need to better understand the underlying mechanisms in order to further develop preventive strategies. In fact, genetic markers used in genetic risk scores, important as they are, will not be able alone to explain these family clusters. Therefore, the search goes on for the so called missing heritability to better explain these associations. Shared lifestyle and social conditions in families, but also early life influences may be of importance. Gene-environmental interactions should be explored. In recent years interest has grown for the role of diet-microbiota associations, as microbiota patterns may be shared by family members. In the Malmö Offspring Study that started in 2013, we have so far been able to examine about 4700 subjects (18-71 years) representing children and grandchildren of index subjects from the first generation, examined in the Malmö Diet Cancer Study during 1991 to 1996. This will provide rich data and opportunities to analyse family traits of chronic disease across three generations. We will provide extensive genotyping and phenotyping including cardiovascular and respiratory function, as well as markers of glucose metabolism. In addition, also cognitive function will be assessed. A 4-day online dietary recall will be conducted and gut as well as oral microbiota analysed. The ambition is to provide one of the first large-scale European family studies with individual data across three generations, which could deepen our knowledge about the role of family traits for chronic disease and its underlying mechanisms.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Fedorowski, Artur, et al.
(författare)
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Early postural blood pressure response and cause-specific mortality among middle-aged adults.
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7284 .- 0393-2990. ; 26, s. 537-546
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is associated with increased total mortality but contribution of specific death causes has not been thoroughly explored. In this prospective study, authors followed up 32,068 individuals without baseline history of cancer or cardiovascular disease (69% men; mean age, 46 years; range, 26-61 years) over a period of 24 years. Hazard ratios (HRs) for total and cause-specific mortality associated with presence of OH and by quartiles of postural systolic blood pressure response (∆SBP) were assessed using multivariate adjusted Cox regression model. A total of 7,145 deaths (22.3%, 9.4 deaths/1,000 person-years) occurred during follow-up. Those with OH (n = 1,943) had higher risk of death due to injury (HR, 1.88; 1.37-2.57) and neurological disease (HR, 2.21; 1.39-3.51). Analogically, risk of death caused by injury and neurological disease increased across the quartiles of ∆SBP from hyper- (Q1(SBP), +8.5 ± 4.7 mmHg) to hypotensive response (Q4(SBP), -13.7 ± 5.7 mmHg; HR, 1.32; 1.00-1.72, and 1.84; 1.20-2.82, respectively) as did also risk of death due to respiratory disease (Q4(SBP) vs. Q1(SBP): HR, 1.53; 1.14-2.04). In contrast, risk curve for cerebrovascular death was U-shaped with nadir in the mildly hypotensive 3rd quartile of ∆SBP (-5.0 ± 0.1 mmHg, Q3(SBP) vs. Q1(SBP): HR, 0.75; 0.54-1.03; P for linear trend = 0.021). Additionally, cardiovascular mortality was increased among 5,805 rescreened participants (mean age, 53 years; 9.8% OH positive: HR, 1.54; 1.24-1.89, and Q4(SBP) vs. Q1(SBP): 1.27; 1.02-1.57, respectively). In summary, increased mortality predicted by blood pressure fall on standing is associated with injuries, neurodegenerative, and respiratory diseases, as well as with cardiovascular disease in older adults. Moreover, both increase and pronounced decrease of SBP during early orthostasis indicate higher risk of cerebrovascular death.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Holm, Hannes, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal and postural changes of blood pressure predict dementia : the Malmö Preventive Project
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 32:4, s. 327-336
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The role of blood pressure (BP) changes in dementia is debatable. We aimed to analyse how resting and postural BP changes relate to incident dementia over a long-term follow-up. In the prospective population-based Malmö Preventive Project, 18,240 study participants (mean age: 45 ± 7 years, 63% male) were examined between 1974 and 1992 with resting and standing BP measurement, and re-examined between 2002 and 2006 at mean age of 68 ± 6 years with resting BP. A total of 428 participants (2.3%) were diagnosed with dementia through Dec 31, 2009. The association of resting and postural BP changes with risk of dementia was studied using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models controlling for traditional risk factors. Diastolic BP (DBP) decrease on standing indicated higher risk of dementia [Hazard ratio (HR) per 10 mmHg: 1.22; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–1.44, p = 0.036], which was mainly driven by increased risk in normotensive individuals. Higher systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP at re-examination was associated with lower risk of dementia (HR per 10 mmHg: 0.94; 95% CI 0.89–0.99, p = 0.011; and 0.87; 0.78–0.96, p = 0.006, respectively). Extreme decrease in SBP/DBP between baseline and re-examination (4th quartile; −7 ± 12/−15 ± 7 mmHg, respectively) indicated higher risk of dementia (HR 1.46; 95% CI 1.11–1.93, p = 0.008, and 1.54; 95% CI 1.14–2.08, p = 0.005; respectively) compared with reference group characterised by pronounced BP increase over the same period (1st quartile; +44 ± 13/+15 ± 7 mmHg). Diastolic BP decrease on standing in the middle age, decline in BP between middle-and advanced age, and lower BP in advanced age are independent risk factors of developing dementia.
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| 7. |
- Nimptsch, Katharina, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic variation in the ADIPOQ gene, adiponectin concentrations and risk of colorectal cancer : a Mendelian Randomization analysis using data from three large cohort studies
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 32:5, s. 419-430
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Higher levels of circulating adiponectin have been related to lower risk of colorectal cancer in several prospective cohort studies, but it remains unclear whether this association may be causal. We aimed to improve causal inference in a Mendelian Randomization meta-analysis using nested case-control studies of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC, 623 cases, 623 matched controls), the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS, 231 cases, 230 controls) and the Nurses' Health Study (NHS, 399 cases, 774 controls) with available data on pre-diagnostic adiponectin concentrations and selected single nucleotide polymorphisms in the ADIPOQ gene. We created an ADIPOQ allele score that explained approximately 3% of the interindividual variation in adiponectin concentrations. The ADIPOQ allele score was not associated with risk of colorectal cancer in logistic regression analyses (pooled OR per score-unit unit 0.97, 95% CI 0.91, 1.04). Genetically determined twofold higher adiponectin was not significantly associated with risk of colorectal cancer using the ADIPOQ allele score as instrumental variable (pooled OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.40, 1.34). In a summary instrumental variable analysis (based on previously published data) with higher statistical power, no association between genetically determined twofold higher adiponectin and risk of colorectal cancer was observed (0.99, 95% CI 0.93, 1.06 in women and 0.94, 95% CI 0.88, 1.01 in men). Thus, our study does not support a causal effect of circulating adiponectin on colorectal cancer risk. Due to the limited genetic determination of adiponectin, larger Mendelian Randomization studies are necessary to clarify whether adiponectin is causally related to lower risk of colorectal cancer.
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| 8. |
- Smith, J, et al.
(författare)
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Atrial fibrillation in the Malmö diet and cancer study: a study of occurrence, risk factors and diagnostic validity.
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7284 .- 0393-2990. ; 25, s. 95-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The validity of atrial fibrillation (AF) diagnoses in national registers for use as endpoints in prospective studies has not been evaluated. We studied the validity of AF diagnoses in Swedish national hospital discharge and cause of death registers and the occurrence of and risk factors for AF in a middle-aged Swedish population using these registers. Our study included the 30,447 individuals (age 44-73) who attended baseline visits in 1991-1996 of the Malmö Diet and Cancer study. Individuals with a first AF diagnosis were identified by record linkage with national registers. A subset of cases was randomly selected for validation by examination of electrocardiograms and patient records. Electrocardiograms were available in 98% of the validation sample (95% definitive AF, 3% no AF). The 2% with ECGs unavailable had probable AF. Baseline AF prevalence was 1.3%, higher in men and increased with age. During 11.2 years of follow-up 1430 first AF diagnoses occurred. Risk factors were age, hypertension, BMI, diabetes, history of heart failure, history of myocardial infarction and, in men but not women, current smoking. The strongest risk factors were history of heart failure (hazard ratio men 4.5, women 8.7) and myocardial infarction (hazard ratio men 2.0, women 1.8). The largest population attributable risks were observed for hypertension (men 38%, women 34%) and obesity (men 11%, women 10%). In conclusion, case misclassification of AF in national registers is small, indicating feasibility of use in prospective studies. Hypertension and obesity account for large portions of population risk in middle-aged individuals with low prevalence of manifest cardiac disease.
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