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- Abé, C, et al.
(författare)
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Bipolar disorder type I and II show distinct relationships between cortical thickness and executive function.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1600-0447 .- 0001-690X. ; 138:4, s. 325-335
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Frontal cortical abnormalities and executive function impairment co-occur in bipolar disorder. Recent studies have shown that bipolar subtypes differ in the degree of structural and functional impairments. The relationships between cognitive performance and cortical integrity have not been clarified and might differ across patients with bipolar disorder type I, II, and healthy subjects.Using a vertex-wise whole-brain analysis, we investigated how cortical integrity, as measured by cortical thickness, correlates with executive performance in patients with bipolar disorder type I, II, and controls (N = 160).We found focal associations between executive function and cortical thickness in the medial prefrontal cortex in bipolar II patients and controls, but not in bipolar I disorder. In bipolar II patients, we observed additional correlations in lateral prefrontal and occipital regions.Our findings suggest that bipolar disorder patients show altered structure-function relationships, and importantly that those relationships may differ between bipolar subtypes. The findings are line with studies suggesting subtype-specific neurobiological and cognitive profiles. This study contributes to a better understanding of brain structure-function relationships in bipolar disorder and gives important insights into the neuropathophysiology of diagnostic subtypes.
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| 2. |
- Smedler, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Reporting trigger factors for (hypo)manic episodes in bipolar disorder: association with personality and prognosis.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1600-0447 .- 0001-690X. ; 141:6, s. 534-540
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate external factors that trigger manic and hypomanic relapses and how this is associated with personality and clinical outcome measured as number of affective episodes over a seven-year period.This is a prospective cohort study of 204 meticulously characterized Swedish bipolar disorder patients. Personality was evaluated at baseline using the Swedish universities Scales of Personality in 170 patients, and 90 patients were followed up after approximately seven years in order to evaluate clinical outcomes.We found that 44% of the patients reported trigger factors, including sleep disturbance, work or family related issues, medication, and illicit drug use. There were no significant differences in any of the personality traits when comparing the 74 patients that reported triggers with the 90 patients that did not. At seven-year follow-up, there was no difference between the groups in number of affective episodes (depressive, hypomanic, manic or mixed), involuntary commitments, suicide attempts, or self-harm incidents since baseline.Around 40% of the patients reported external triggers for manic and hypomanic episodes. However, this was neither associated with personality traits nor number of affective episodes at seven-year follow-up.Around 40% of all bipolar disorder patients reported trigger factors for manic or hypomanic episodes. Reporting trigger factors was not associated with personality Reporting trigger factors was not associated with outcomes over a seven-year period. Limitations Patients had on average long duration of illness and may be less sensitive to external stressors than persons with recent onset. Trigger factors were identified retrospectively, and may thus be prone to recall bias. The number of affective episodes might be a too crude outcome measure as most subjects had not suffered any affective episodes at follow-up.
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