| 1. |
- Lindahl, Carl, et al.
(författare)
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Biomimetic calcium phosphate coating of additively manufactured porous CoCr implants
- 2015
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Ingår i: Applied Surface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-4332 .- 1873-5584. ; 353, s. 40-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this work was to study the feasibility to use a biomimetic method to prepare biomimetic hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on CoCr substrates with short soaking times and to characterize the properties of such coatings. A second objective was to investigate if the coatings could be applied to porous CoCr implants manufactured by electron beam melting (EBM). The coating was prepared by immersing the pretreated CoCr substrates and EBM implants into the phosphate-buffered solution with Ca2+ in sealed plastic bottles, kept at 60 degrees C for 3 days. The formed coating was partially crystalline, slightly calcium deficient and composed of plate-like crystallites forming roundish flowers in the size range of 300-500 nm. Cross-section imaging showed a thickness of 300-500 nm. In addition, dissolution tests in Tris-HCl up to 28 days showed that a substantial amount of the coating had dissolved, however, undergoing only minor morphological changes. A uniform coating was formed within the porous network of the additive manufactured implants having similar thickness and morphology as for the flat samples. In conclusion, the present coating procedure allows coatings to be formed on CoCr and could be used for complex shaped, porous implants made by additive manufacturing.
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| 2. |
- Grunberg, J. R., et al.
(författare)
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CCN5/WISP2 and metabolic diseases
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1873-9601 .- 1873-961X. ; 12:1, s. 309-318
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity and type 2 diabetes increase worldwide at an epidemic rate. It is expected that by the year 2030 around 500 million people will have diabetes; predominantly type 2 diabetes. The CCN family of proteins has become of interest in both metabolic and other common human diseases because of their effects on mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) proliferation and differentiation as well as being important regulators of fibrosis. We here review current knowledge of the WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 2 (CCN5/WISP2). It has been shown to be an important regulator of both these processes through effects on both the canonical WNT and the TGF ss pathways. It is also under normal regulation by the adipogenic commitment factor BMP4, in contrast to conventional canonical WNT ligands, and allows MSCs to undergo normal adipose cell differentiation. CCN5/WISP2 is highly expressed in, and secreted by, MSCs and is an important regulator of MSCs growth. In a transgenic mouse model overexpressing CCN5/WISP2 in the adipose tissue, we have shown that it is secreted and circulating in the blood, the mice develop hypercellular white and brown adipose tissue, have increased lean body mass and enlarged hypercellular hearts. Obese transgenic mice had improved insulin sensitivity. Interestingly, the anti-fibrotic effect of CCN5/WISP2 is protective against heart failure by inhibition of the TGF ss pathway. Understanding how CCN5/WISP2 is regulated and signals is important and may be useful for developing new treatment strategies in obesity and metabolic diseases and it can also be a target in regenerative medicine.
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| 3. |
- Bandyopadhyay, Sulalit, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and in vitro cellular interactions of superparamagnetic iron nanoparticles with a crystalline gold shell
- 2014
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Ingår i: Applied Surface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-4332 .- 1873-5584. ; 316, s. 171-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fe@Au core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit multiple functionalities enabling their effective use in applications such as medical imaging and drug delivery. In this work, a novel synthetic method was developed and optimized for the synthesis of highly stable, monodisperse Fe@Au NPs of average diameter similar to 24 nm exhibiting magneto-plasmonic characteristics. Fe@Au NPs were characterized by a wide range of experimental techniques, including scanning (transmission) electron microscopy (S(T)EM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and UV-vis spectroscopy. The formed particles comprise an amorphous iron core with a crystalline Au shell of tunable thickness, and retain the superparamagnetic properties at room temperature after formation of a crystalline Au shell. After surface modification, PEGylated Fe@Au NPs were used for in vitro studies on olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) and human neural stem cells (hNSCs). No adverse effects of the Fe@Au particles were observed post-labeling, both cell types retaining normal morphology, viability, proliferation, and motility. It can be concluded that no appreciable toxic effects on both cell types, coupled with multifunctionality and chemical stability make them ideal candidates for therapeutic as well as diagnostic applications.
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| 4. |
- Frostevarg, Jan, Teknologie doktor, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Formation mechanisms of surfaces for osseointegration on titanium using pulsed laser spattering
- 2019
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Ingår i: Applied Surface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-4332 .- 1873-5584. ; 485, s. 158-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accelerated bone grow (osseointegration) can be achieved by modifying the surface of medical implants. For this purpose, pulsed lasers can be used to successfully texture such beneficial surfaces on titanium, e.g. a BioHelix (TM) structure. This surface typically includes ridges and droplets with a size range between 1 and 20 mu m. This paper presents the results of an experimental program where a range of laser parameters was used to create different surface textures on titanium substrates, using pulsed laser spattering. The resultant surfaces are analysed by scanning electron microscope and X-ray Micro Computer Tomography. It is shown that optimisation of the laser parameters results in a robust process which produces a surface that has proven to be beneficial for osseointegration. The results are also deeper analysed, explaining how different types of surface are created by the laser-material interaction under different conditions. Further, droplet flight distances and the formation of the spongeous nano-scale surface that characterizes the surface structure depends on very fast cooling and is also evaluated.
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| 5. |
- Shchukarev, Andrey, et al.
(författare)
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Cryo-XPS analysis reveals surface composition of microalgae
- 2020
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Ingår i: Applied Surface Science. - : Elsevier. - 0169-4332 .- 1873-5584. ; 526
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Green microalgae are widely used for wastewater treatment, food/feed and pigment production, as well as for aquaculture. However, very little is known about their surface composition, which can determine algae behavior in nature and influence their processing. In this work, we use cryo-XPS to characterize the surface chemical composition of three different microalgae species. We investigate the applicability of a data treatment method, developed for bacteria, deconvoluting C 1s with respect to protein, lipid and polysaccharide. We discuss how substances unique to algae contribute to the C 1s spectra and how this affects the transferability of the method to microalgae. Two species of green microalgae isolated from Northern Sweden, Chlorella vulgaris 13-1 and Coelastrella sp. 3-4, were compared to reference culture collection strain, Scenedesmus obliquus RISE (UTEX 417). Cryo-XPS data indicate that surfaces of Coelastrella sp. 3-4 and C. vulgaris 13-1 cells are dominated by protein and carbohydrates. However, the carbohydrate content was higher for C. vulgaris. The reference strain shows the highest content of proteins and has an increased amount of lipids compared to the other two. Estimation of the cell surface hydrophobicity suggests that the hydrophobicity increases in the order: C. vulgaris < Coelastrella sp. < S. obliquus.
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| 6. |
- Unosson, Erik, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Stability and prospect of UV/H2O2 activated titania films for biomedical use
- 2013
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Ingår i: Applied Surface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-4332 .- 1873-5584. ; 285:Part B, s. 317-323
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biomedical implants and devices that penetrate soft tissue are highly susceptible to infection, but also accessible for UV induced decontamination through photocatalysis if coated with suitable surfaces. As an on-demand antibacterial strategy, photocatalytic surfaces should be able to maintain their antibacterial properties over repeated activation. This study evaluates the surface properties and photocatalytic performance of titania films obtained by H2O2-oxidation and heat treatment of Ti and Ti-6Al-4V substrates, as well as the prospect of assisting photocatalytic reactions with H2O2 for improved efficiency. H2O2-oxidation generated a nanoporous coating, and subsequent heat treatment above 500 °C resulted in anatase formation. Tests using photo-assisted degradation of rhodamine B showed that prior to heat treatment, an initially high photocatalytic activity (PCA) of H2O2-oxidized substrates decayed significantly with repeated testing. Heat treating the samples at 600 °C resulted in stable yet lower PCA. Addition of 3% H2O2 during the photo-assisted reaction led to a substantial increase in PCA due to synergetic effects at the surface and H2O2 photolysis, the effect being most notable for non-heat treated samples. Both heat treated and non-heat treated samples showed stable PCA through repeated tests with H2O2-assisted photocatalysis, indicating that the combination of H2O2-oxidized titania films, UV light and added H2O2 can improve efficiency of these photocatalytic surfaces.
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