| 1. |
- de Fine Licht, Karl, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Defining “Social Sustainability”: Towards a Sustainable Solution to the Conceptual Confusion
- 2019
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Ingår i: Etikk i Praksis. - : Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Library. - 1890-3991 .- 1890-4009. ; 13:2, s. 21-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interest in "social sustainability" has recently increased in the field of urban development. We want societies, cities, and neighborhoods to be economically and environmentally sustainable, but we also want urban areas that are safe, diverse, walkable, and relaxing, just to mention a few examples. Strikingly, however, there is no consensus regarding what definition of "social sustainability" should be employed. Additionally, some people are skeptical about the prospect of finding a useful definition at all and claim it is impossible to satisfactorily define the concept for various reasons, such as its complexity. A potential first step towards navigating this conceptual maze is to provide desiderata for a definition of social sustainability. We defend a list of nine desiderata and thereby create a theoretical framework for analyzing and constructing a definition of "social sustainability". We also examine the skeptical arguments and find that it is premature to conclude that the goal of finding a useful definition is hopeless. With the criteria in place, the future debate can proceed by assessing definitions of "social sustainability" in a more structured and transparent manner. This activity is of upmost importance if we want to create just cities.
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| 2. |
- Melin, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Energy Scenarios and Justice for Future Humans : An Application of the Capabilities Approach to the Case of Swedish Energy Politics
- 2019
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Ingår i: Etikk i praksis. - : Department of Geography, Norwegian University of Science and Technology. - 1890-3991 .- 1890-4009. ; 13:1, s. 39-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Energy production and consumption give rise to issues of justice towards future humans. By analysing a specific case – Swedish energy politics - this article contributes to the discussion of how consideration for future humans should affect energy policy-making. It outlines three different energy scenarios for the period 2035-2065 - the nuclear-renewables, the renewables-low and the renewables-high scenarios – and assesses them from viewpoint of justice to future individuals by using the Capabilities Approach as a normative framework. We cannot make a definite assessment of the different scenarios due to the great uncertainties involved in determining the impacts on individuals living between 2035-2065 and individuals being born thereafter, but we still conclude that we have certain reasons to prefer the renewables-low scenario since it avoids certain risks connected with the other scenarios. The economic growth in this scenario is lower than in the others scenarios, but we question whether this is a disadvantage from the point of view of the capabilities approach.
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| 3. |
- Mindus, Patricia
(författare)
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Introduction - Justice of Others: Arbitrary Law-making in Contemporary Migration Policy
- 2020
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Ingår i: Etikk i praksis. - NTNU : Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Library. - 1890-3991 .- 1890-4009. ; 14:2, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Does the regulation of migration constitute a blatant case of arbitrary law-making? What is arbitrary law-making? And how does it manifest itself in contemporary migration policy? These are pressing issues that the scholars who come together in this special issue seek to engage with, by exploring international migration from the point of view of arbitrary power. When does legitimate state discretion slide into an exercise of arbitrary power? Since we cannot address what we do not understand, the urgency of the matter addressed in this special issue speaks for itself. Deciding who may enjoy the right of abode, the right to remain, the right to asylum and to citizenship is a key power of the state: it is a regal prerogative, an act of sovereignty, limited only by deliberately accepted commitments, such as the respect for human rights. This makes migration policy an exceptionally interesting ground to test the limits of discretion and the forms of arbitrariness. Power can be understood to be of a discretional nature if it acts freely within the boundaries defined by law, whereas arbitrariness qualifies discretional power exceeding the limits of law.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Mindus, Patricia
(författare)
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Towards a Theory of Arbitrary Law-making in Migration Policy
- 2020
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Ingår i: Etikk i praksis. - : Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Library. - 1890-3991 .- 1890-4009. ; 14:2, s. 9-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article considers what arbitrary law-making is and what may count as arbitrary law-making in the field of migration policy. It contributes to the discussion of arbitrary law-making in relation to migration policy in two ways. First, it offers an analysis of arbitrariness, pointing out that rhetorical definitions abound – perhaps not surprisingly, given that migration is a highly-contested policy area – and argues for why transposing a conception developed in ethical theory to the law has high theoretical costs. An alternative conception is described and found to be better equipped to deal with arbitrary law-making in migration policy. It is argued that if we want to understand how arbitrariness plays out in the field of migration law – which is necessary to find ways to hinder its spread by the adoption of specific law-making practices – we first need to distinguish arbitrariness from legitimate choices of legislators. Secondly, a typology of forms of arbitrariness is fleshed out in relation to contemporary migration policy. The policy area is here broadly construed to include not only naturalisation processes, but also migration, asylum and refugee policies and more generally border control. The examples are taken from a broad selection of countries. They have been chosen for illustrative purposes only.
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| 6. |
- Persson de Fine Licht, Karl
(författare)
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Hostile urban architecture: A critical discussion of the seemingly offensive art of keeping people away
- 2017
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Ingår i: Etikk I Praksis. - : Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Library. - 1890-3991 .- 1890-4009. ; 11:2, s. 27-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For many years, some urban architecture has aimed to exclude unwanted groups of people from some locations. This type of architecture is called "defensive" or "hostile" architecture and includes benches that cannot be slept on, spikes in the ground that cannot be stood on, and pieces of metal that hinder one's ability to skateboard. These defensive measures have sparked public outrage, with many thinking such measures lead to suffering, are disrespectful, and violate people's rights. In this paper, it is argued that these views are difficult to defend and that much more empirical research on the topic is needed.
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| 7. |
- Österdahl, Inger, 1960-
(författare)
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Between 250 Years of Free Information and 20 Years of EU and Internet
- 2016
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Ingår i: Etikk i praksis. - : Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Library. - 1890-3991 .- 1890-4009. ; 10:1, s. 27-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The constitutionally-based right of access to documents has a long history in Sweden and is considered crucial to Swedish democracy. On entering the EU in 1995, Sweden declared that public access to official records forms part of Sweden's constitutional, political and cultural heritage. The members of the EU for their part declared that they took it for granted that Sweden would fully comply with Community (now Union) law with respect to openness and transparency. Sweden continues to push for transparency when EU legislation that potentially contains secrecy clauses is negotiated. It turns out, however, that EU membership does pose challenges to the strong Swedish right of access to documents. The protection of personal data is controversial in Sweden to the extent that the stricter EU legislation clashes with the traditionally weak protection of privacy in Swedish law; the Swedish right of access to information has largely outweighed the right to privacy. Large amounts of publicly available personal data are amassed in databases by private actors for commercial reasons, under the protection of the Swedish constitution. This is causing problems, especially since Sweden considers Swedish constitutional law to precede EU legislation in the field of access to information. Sweden will somehow have to solve the dilemmas caused by the differing traditions of transparency between itself and other EU member states. Official Swedish inquiries and the EU Regulation will provide many answers to these questions in 2016.
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