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| 2. |
- Chrcanovic, Bruno, et al.
(författare)
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Flapless versus conventional flapped dental implant surgery : a meta-analysis
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 9:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to test the null hypothesis of no difference in the implant failure rates, postoperative infection, and marginal bone loss for patients being rehabilitated by dental implants being inserted by a flapless surgical procedure versus the open flap technique, against the alternative hypothesis of a difference. An electronic search without time or language restrictions was undertaken in March 2014. Eligibility criteria included clinical human studies, either randomized or not. The search strategy resulted in 23 publications. The I2 statistic was used to express the percentage of the total variation across studies due to heterogeneity. The inverse variance method was used for random-effects model or fixed-effects model, when indicated. The estimates of relative effect were expressed in risk ratio (RR) and mean difference (MD) in millimeters. Sixteen studies were judged to be at high risk of bias, whereas two studies were considered of moderate risk of bias, and five studies of low risk of bias. The funnel plots indicated absence of publication bias for the three outcomes analyzed. The test for overall effect showed that the difference between the procedures (flapless vs. open flap surgery) significantly affect the implant failure rates (P = 0.03), with a RR of 1.75 (95% CI 1.07-2.86). However, a sensitivity analysis revealed differences when studies of high and low risk of bias were pooled separately. Thus, the results must be interpreted carefully. No apparent significant effects of flapless technique on the occurrence of postoperative infection (P = 0.96; RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.23-4.03) or on the marginal bone loss (P = 0.16; MD -0.07 mm, 95% CI -0.16-0.03) were observed.
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| 3. |
- Falck Miniotis, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Digital holographic microscopy for non-invasive monitoring of cell cycle arrest in L929 cells
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) has emerged as a powerful non-invasive tool for cell analysis. It has the capacity to analyse multiple parameters simultaneously, such as cell- number, confluence and phase volume. This is done while cells are still adhered and growing in their culture flask. The aim of this study was to investigate whether DHM was able to monitor drug-induced cell cycle arrest in cultured cells and thus provide a non-disruptive alternative to flow cytometry. DHM parameters from G1 and G2/M cell cycle arrested L929 mouse fibroblast cells were collected. Cell cycle arrest was verified with flow cytometry. This study shows that DHM is able to monitor phase volume changes corresponding to either a G1 or G2/M cell cycle arrest. G1-phase arrest with staurosporine correlated with a decrease in the average cell phase volume and G2/M-phase arrest with colcemid and etoposide correlated with an increase in the average cell phase volume. Importantly, DHM analysis of average cell phase volume was of comparable accuracy to flow cytometric measurement of cell cycle phase distribution as recorded following dose-dependent treatment with etoposide. Average cell phase volume changes in response to treatment with cell cycle arresting compounds could therefore be used as a DHM marker for monitoring cell cycle arrest in cultured mammalian cells.
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| 4. |
- Falk, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Self-powered wireless carbohydrate/oxygen sensitive biodevice based on radio signal transmission
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 9:10, s. e109104/1-e109104/9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Here for the first time, we detail self-contained (wireless and self-powered) biodevices with wireless signal transmission. Specifically, we demonstrate the operation of self-sustained carbohydrate and oxygen sensitive biodevices, consisting of a wireless electronic unit, radio transmitter and sep. sensing bioelectrodes, supplied with elec. energy from a combined multi-enzyme fuel cell generating sufficient current at required voltage to power the electronics. A carbohydrate/oxygen enzymic fuel cell was assembled by comparing the performance of a range of different bioelectrodes followed by selection of the most suitable, stable combination. Carbohydrates (viz. lactose for the demonstration) and oxygen were also chosen as bioanalytes, being important biomarkers, to demonstrate the operation of the self-contained biosensing device, employing enzyme-modified bioelectrodes to enable the actual sensing. A wireless electronic unit, consisting of a micropotentiostat, an energy harvesting module (voltage amplifier together with a capacitor) and a radio microchip, were designed to enable the biofuel cell to be used as a power supply for managing the sensing devices and for wireless data transmission. The electronic system used required current and voltages greater than 44 μA and 0.57 V, resp. to operate; which the biofuel cell was capable of providing, when placed in a carbohydrate and oxygen contg. buffer. In addn., a USB based receiver and computer software were employed for proof-of concept tests of the developed biodevices. Operation of bench-top prototypes was demonstrated in buffers contg. different concns. of the analytes, showcasing that the variation in response of both carbohydrate and oxygen biosensors could be monitored wirelessly in real-time as analyte concns. in buffers were changed, using only an enzymic fuel cell as a power supply.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Henssge, Uta, et al.
(författare)
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Application of MLST and Pilus Gene Sequence Comparisons to Investigate the Population Structures of Actinomyces naeslundii and Actinomyces oris
- 2011
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 6:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Actinomyces naeslundii and Actinomyces oris are members of the oral biofilm. Their identification using 16S rRNA sequencing is problematic and better achieved by comparison of metG partial sequences. A. oris is more abundant and more frequently isolated than A. naeslundii. We used a multi-locus sequence typing approach to investigate the genotypic diversity of these species and assigned A. naeslundii (n=37) and A. oris (n=68) isolates to 32 and 68 sequence types (ST), respectively. Neighbor-joining and ClonalFrame dendrograms derived from the concatenated partial sequences of 7 house-keeping genes identified at least 4 significant subclusters within A. oris and 3 within A. naeslundii. The strain collection we had investigated was an under-representation of the total population since at least 3 STs composed of single strains may represent discrete clusters of strains not well represented in the collection. The integrity of these sub-clusters was supported by the sequence analysis of fimP and fimA, genes coding for the type 1 and 2 fimbriae, respectively. An A. naeslundii subcluster was identified with both fimA and fimP genes and these strains were able to bind to MUC7 and statherin while all other A. naeslundii strains possessed only fimA and did not bind to statherin. An A. oris subcluster harboured a fimA gene similar to that of Actinomyces odontolyticus but no detectable fimP failed to bind significantly to either MUC7 or statherin. These data are evidence of extensive genotypic and phenotypic diversity within the species A. oris and A. naeslundii but the status of the subclusters identified here will require genome comparisons before their phylogenic position can be unequivocally established.
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| 7. |
- Ivert, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Adolescents' Utilisation of Psychiatric Care, Neighbourhoods and Neighbourhood Socioeconomic Deprivation : A Multilevel Analysis
- 2013
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 11:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mental health problems among adolescents have become a major public health issue, and it is therefore important to increase knowledge on the contextual determinants of adolescent mental health. One such determinant is the socioeconomic structure of the neighbourhood. The present study has two central objectives, (i) to examine if neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation is associated to individual variations in utilisation of psychiatric care in a Swedish context, and (ii) to investigate if neighbourhood boundaries are a valid construct for identifying contexts that influence individual variations in psychiatric care utilization. Data were obtained from the Longitudinal Multilevel Analysis in Scania (LOMAS) database. The study population consists of all boys and girls aged 13–18 years (N=18,417), who were living in the city of Malmö, Sweden, in 2005. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was applied to estimate the probability of psychiatric care utilisation. The results from the study indicate that the neighbourhood of residence had little influence on psychiatric care utilisation. Although we initially found a variation between neighbourhoods, this general contextual effect was very small (i.e. 1.6 %). The initial conclusive association between the neighbourhood level of disadvantage and psychiatric care utilisation (specific contextual effect) disappeared following adjustment for individual and family level variables. Our results suggest the neighbourhoods in Malmö (at least measured in terms of SAMS-areas), do not provide accurate information for discriminating adolescents utilisation of psychiatric care. The SAMS-areas appears to be an inappropriate construct of the social environment that influences adolescent utilisation of psychiatric care. Therefore, public health interventions should be directed to the whole city rather than to specific neighbourhoods. However, since geographical, social or cultural contexts may be important for our understanding of adolescent mental health further research is needed to identify such contexts.
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| 8. |
- Jimbo, Ryo, et al.
(författare)
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The Effect of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor on Periodontal Furcation Defects
- 2014
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 9:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to observe the regenerative effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in a non-human primate furcation defect model. Class II furcation defects were created in the first and second molars of 8 non-human primates to simulate a clinical situation. The defect was filled with either, Group A: BDNF (500 mu g/ml) in high-molecular weight-hyaluronic acid (HMW-HA), Group B: BDNF (50 mu g/ml) in HMW-HA, Group C: HMW-HA acid only, Group D: empty defect, or Group E: BDNF (500 mu g/ml) in saline. The healing status for all groups was observed at different time-points with micro computed tomography. The animals were euthanized after 11 weeks, and the tooth-bone specimens were subjected to histologic processing. The results showed that all groups seemed to successfully regenerate the alveolar buccal bone, however, only Group A regenerated the entire periodontal tissue, i.e., alveolar bone, cementum and periodontal ligament. It is suggested that the use of BDNF in combination with a scaffold such as the hyaluronic acid in periodontal furcation defects may be an effective treatment option.
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| 9. |
- Kolbus, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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TAP1-Deficiency Does Not Alter Atherosclerosis Development in Apoe−/− Mice
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 3:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antigen presenting cells (APC) have the ability to present both extra-cellular and intra-cellular antigens via MHC class I molecules to CD8+ T cells. The cross presentation of extra-cellular antigens is reduced in mice with deficient Antigen Peptide Transporter 1 (TAP1)-dependent MHC class I antigen presentation, and these mice are characterized by a diminished CD8+ T cell population. We have recently reported an increased activation of CD8+ T cells in hypercholesterolemic Apoe−/− mice. Therefore, this study included TAP1-deficient Apoe−/− mice (Apoe−/−Tap1−/−) to test the atherogenicity of CD8+ T cells and TAP1-dependent cross presentation in a hypercholesterolemic environment. As expected the CD8+ T cell numbers were low in Apoe−/−Tap1−/− mice in comparison to Apoe−/− mice, constituting ~1% of the lymphocyte population. In spite of this there were no differences in the extent of atherosclerosis as assessed by en face Oil Red O staining of the aorta and cross-sections of the aortic root between Apoe−/−Tap1−/− and Apoe−/− mice. Moreover, no differences were detected in lesion infiltration of macrophages or CD3+ T cells in Apoe−/−Tap1−/− compared to Apoe−/− mice. The CD3+CD4+ T cell fraction was increased in Apoe−/−Tap1−/− mice, suggesting a compensation for the decreased CD8+ T cell population. Interestingly, the fraction of CD8+ effector memory T cells was increased but this appeared to have little impact on the atherosclerosis development. In conclusion, Apoe−/−Tap1−/− mice develop atherosclerosis equal to Apoe−/− mice, indicating a minor role for CD8+ T cells and TAP1-dependent antigen presentation in the disease process.
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| 10. |
- Nylander, Åsa, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Structural and functional analysis of the N-terminal domain of the Streptococcus gordonii adhesin Sgo0707
- 2013
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library Science. - 1932-6203. ; 8:5, s. e63768-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The commensal Streptococcus gordonii expresses numerous surface adhesins with which it interacts with other microorganisms, host cells and salivary proteins to initiate dental plaque formation. However, this Gram-positive bacterium can also spread to non-oral sites such as the heart valves and cause infective endocarditis. One of its surface adhesins, Sgo0707, is a large protein composed of a non-repetitive N-terminal region followed by several C-terminal repeat domains and a cell wall sorting motif. Here we present the crystal structure of the Sgo0707 N-terminal domains, refined to 2.1 Å resolution. The model consists of two domains, N1 and N2. The largest domain, N1, comprises a putative binding cleft with a single cysteine located in its centre and exhibits an unexpected structural similarity to the variable domains of the streptococcal Antigen I/II adhesins. The N2-domain has an IgG-like fold commonly found among Gram-positive surface adhesins. Binding studies performed on S. gordonii wild-type and a Sgo0707 deficient mutant show that the Sgo0707 adhesin is involved in binding to type-1 collagen and to oral keratinocytes.
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