| 1. |
- Avdic, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Modern Family? : Paternity Leave and Marital Stability
- 2018
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Ingår i: American Economic Journal. - : AMER ECONOMIC ASSOC. - 1945-7782 .- 1945-7790. ; 10:4, s. 283-307
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study how relationship stability of couples is affected by an increase in fathers' involvement in staying home from work with young children. We make use of a parental leave reform in Sweden that earmarked one month of paid leave to each parent in a regression discontinuity difference-in-differences (RD-DD) framework. Couples who were affected by the reform increased the take-up of fathers' leave but also increased their probability of separation compared to unaffected couples. We argue that the separation effect can be explained by the degree of restrictiveness of the policy in combination with role conflicts in traditional family constellations.
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| 2. |
- Axbard, Sebastian
(författare)
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Income Opportunities and Sea Piracy in Indonesia : Evidence from Satellite Data
- 2016
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Ingår i: American Economic Journal. - : American Economic Association. - 1945-7782 .- 1945-7790. ; 8:2, s. 154-194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of climatic variation on conflict and crime is well established, but less is known about the mechanism through which this effect operates. This study contributes to the literature by exploiting a new source of exogenous variation in climate to study the effect of fishermen's income opportunities on sea piracy. Using satellite data to construct a monthly measure of local fishing conditions it is found that better income opportunities reduce piracy. A wide range of approaches are employed to ensure that these effects are driven by income opportunities rather than other mechanisms through which climate could affect piracy.
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| 3. |
- Björkman Nyqvist, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Evidence on the Long-Run Impact of Community-Based Monitoring
- 2017
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Ingår i: American Economic Journal. - : American Economic Association. - 1945-7782 .- 1945-7790. ; 9:1, s. 33-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We evaluate the longer run impact of a local accountability intervention in primary health care provision in Uganda. Short-run improvements in health care delivery and health outcomes remained in the longer run despite minimal follow-up. We find no impact on the quality of care or health. outcomes of a lower cost intervention that focused on encouraging participation but did not provide information on staff performance. We provide suggestive evidence that informed beneficiaries are more likely to identify and challenge (mis)behavior by providers and, as a result, turn their focus to issues that they can manage locally.
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| 4. |
- Björkman Nyqvist, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Incentivizing Safer Sexual Behavior : Evidence from a Lottery Experiment on HIV Prevention
- 2018
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Ingår i: American Economic Journal. - : American Economic Association. - 1945-7782 .- 1945-7790. ; 10:3, s. 287-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the effect of a financial lottery program in Lesotho with relatively low expected payments but a chance to win a high prize conditional on negative test results for sexually transmitted infections. The intervention resulted in a 21.4 percent reduction in HIV incidence over two years. Lottery incentives appear to be particularly effective in targeting individuals with ex ante risky sexual behavior, consistent with the hypothesis that lotteries are more valued by individuals willing to take risks.
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| 5. |
- Björkman Nyqvist, Martina, et al.
(författare)
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Reducing Child Mortality in the Last Mile : Experimental Evidence on Community Health Promoters in Uganda
- 2019
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Ingår i: American Economic Journal. - : American Economic Association. - 1945-7782 .- 1945-7790. ; 11:3, s. 155-192
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The delivery of basic health products and services remains abysmal in many parts of the world where child mortality is high. This paper shows the results from a large-scale randomized evaluation of a novel approach to health care delivery In randomly selected villages, a sales agent was locally recruited and incentivized to conduct home visits, educate households on essential health behaviors, provide medical advice and referrals, and sell preventive and curative health products. Results after 3 years show substantial health impact: under 5-years child mortality was reduced by 27 percent at an estimated average cost of $68 per life-year saved.
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| 6. |
- Björnerstedt, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Does merger simulation work? : Evidence from the swedish analgesics market
- 2016
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Ingår i: American Economic Journal. - : American Economic Association. - 1945-7782 .- 1945-7790. ; 8:3, s. 125-164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyze a large merger in the Swedish market for analgesics (painkillers). The merging firms raised prices by 40 percent, and some outsiders raised prices by more than 10 percent. We confront these changes with predictions from a merger simulation model. With basic supply side assumptions, the models correctly or moderately underpredict the merging firms' price increase. However, they predict a larger price increase for the smaller firm, which was not the case in practice, and they underpredict the outsiders' responses. We consider several supply side explanations: a plausible cost increase after the merger and the possibility of partial collusion.
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| 7. |
- Bolhaar, Jonneke, et al.
(författare)
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Job-search periods for welfare applicants: Evidence from a randomized experiment
- 2019
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Ingår i: American Economic Journal: Applied Economics. - : American Economic Association. - 1945-7782 .- 1945-7790. ; 11:1, s. 92-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We combine a randomized experiment with administrative data to study the effects of mandatory job-search periods in the Dutch welfare system. Job-search periods postpone the first welfare-benefits payment and encourage applicants to start searching for jobs actively. Job-search periods substantially reduce benefits take up. The decline in benefits receipt is permanent, but fully compensated by increased earnings because of higher reemployment rates. We do not find detectable effects on health and crime outcomes, nor do we observe income declines for more vulnerable applicants. Our results suggest that job-search periods are an effective instrument for targeting benefits to welfare applicants.
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| 8. |
- Böhlmark, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Tipping and the Effects of Segregation
- 2020
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Ingår i: American Economic Journal. - : American Economic Association. - 1945-7782 .- 1945-7790. ; 12:1, s. 318-347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analyze how neighborhood ethnic population composition affects the short- and long-run education and labor market outcomes of natives and immigrants. To overcome the problem of nonrandom sorting across neighborhoods, we borrow theoretical insights from the tipping point literature and exploit estimated tipping thresholds as instruments for changes in ethnic population composition. Our results provide little evidence in support of the idea that living in a neighborhood with a higher immigrant share leads to worse outcomes.
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| 9. |
- Carozzi, Felipe, et al.
(författare)
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Political Fragmentation and Government Stability : Evidence from Local Governments in Spain
- 2022
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Ingår i: American Economic Journal. - : American Economic Association. - 1945-7782 .- 1945-7790. ; 14:2, s. 23-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies how political fragmentation affects government stability Using a regression discontinuity design, we show that each additional party with representation in the local parliament increases the probability that the incumbent government is unseated by 5 percentage points. The entry of an additional party affects stability by reducing the probability of a single-party majority and increasing the instability of governments when such a majority is not available. We interpret our results in light of a bargaining model of coalition formation featuring government instability.
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| 10. |
- Dahl, Gordon B., et al.
(författare)
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High School Majors and Future Earnings
- 2023
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Ingår i: American Economic Journal. - : American Economic Association. - 1945-7782 .- 1945-7790. ; 15:1, s. 351-382
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study how high school majors affect adult earnings using a regression discontinuity design. In Sweden students are admitted to majors in tenth grade based on their preference rankings and ninth grade GPA. We find engineering, natural science, and business majors yield higher earnings than social science and humanities, with major-specific returns also varying based on next-best alternatives. There is either a zero or a negative return to completing an academic program for students with a second-best nonacademic major. Most of the differences in adult earnings can be attributed to differences in occupation, and to a lesser extent, college major.
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