| 1. |
- Adhikari, Subash, et al.
(författare)
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A high-stringency blueprint of the human proteome
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Human Proteome Organization (HUPO) launched the Human Proteome Project (HPP) in 2010, creating an international framework for global collaboration, data sharing, quality assurance and enhancing accurate annotation of the genome-encoded proteome. During the subsequent decade, the HPP established collaborations, developed guidelines and metrics, and undertook reanalysis of previously deposited community data, continuously increasing the coverage of the human proteome. On the occasion of the HPP’s tenth anniversary, we here report a 90.4% complete high-stringency human proteome blueprint. This knowledge is essential for discerning molecular processes in health and disease, as we demonstrate by highlighting potential roles the human proteome plays in our understanding, diagnosis and treatment of cancers, cardiovascular and infectious diseases.
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| 2. |
- Antfolk, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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A bioengineering perspective on modelling the intestinal epithelial physiology in vitro
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The small intestine is a specialised organ, essential for nutrient digestion and absorption. It is lined with a complex epithelial cell layer. Intestinal epithelial cells can be cultured in three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds as self-organising entities with distinct domains containing stem cells and differentiated cells. Recent developments in bioengineering provide new possibilities for directing the organisation of cells in vitro. In this Perspective, focusing on the small intestine, we discuss how studies at the interface between bioengineering and intestinal biology provide new insights into organ function. Specifically, we focus on engineered biomaterials, complex 3D structures resembling the intestinal architecture, and micro-physiological systems.
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| 3. |
- Dejana, Elisabetta, et al.
(författare)
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The molecular basis of endothelial cell plasticity
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The endothelium is capable of remarkable plasticity. In the embryo, primitive endothelial cells differentiate to acquire arterial, venous or lymphatic fates. Certain endothelial cells also undergo hematopoietic transition giving rise to multi-lineage hematopoietic stem and progenitors while others acquire mesenchymal properties necessary for heart development. In the adult, maintenance of differentiated endothelial state is an active process requiring constant signalling input. The failure to do so leads to the development of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition that plays an important role in pathogenesis of a number of diseases. A better understanding of these phenotypic changes may lead to development of new therapeutic interventions.
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| 4. |
- Franchini, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
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Integrating fire safety into bridge design is essential for resilient infrastructure
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 15:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The frequent occurrences of bridge fires and the substantial disruptions and direct/indirect economic losses resulting from these events highlight the immediate need for effective fire-safety-oriented design of new bridges and retrofit approaches for vulnerable existing bridges. In this Perspective, we discuss why a holistic engineering approach integrating innovative fire analysis methods and structural design/retrofit strategies into multi-hazard and future-oriented risk modeling frameworks represents the way forward to more sustainable and resilient infrastructure in an uncertain and rapidly changing built environment. Bridge fires cause significant disruptions and economic losses in modern society, yet fire hazards are still often ignored or oversimplified in bridge design. This Perspective emphasizes the need for more holistic and comprehensive fire-safety design when retrofitting or designing new bridges.
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| 5. |
- Gibson, Ursula J., et al.
(författare)
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Semiconductor core fibres : materials science in a bottle
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 12:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Novel core fibers have a wide range of applications in optics, as sources, detectors and nonlinear response media. Optoelectronic, and even electronic device applications are now possible, due to the introduction of methods for drawing fibres with a semiconductor core. This review examines progress in the development of glass-clad, crystalline core fibres, with an emphasis on semiconducting cores. The underlying materials science and the importance of post-processing techniques for recrystallization and purification are examined, with achievements and future prospects tied to the phase diagrams of the core materials. The application space for optical fibers is growing, enabled by fibers built using special materials and processes. In this Review, the authors discuss the materials science behind producing crystalline core fibers for diverse applications and progress in the field.
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| 6. |
- Lendahl, Urban, et al.
(författare)
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Identification, discrimination and heterogeneity of fibroblasts
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fibroblasts, the principal cell type of connective tissue, secrete extracellular matrix components during tissue development, homeostasis, repair and disease. Despite this crucial role, the identification and distinction of fibroblasts from other cell types are challenging and laden with caveats. Rapid progress in single-cell transcriptomics now yields detailed molecular portraits of fibroblasts and other cell types in our bodies, which complement and enrich classical histological and immunological descriptions, improve cell class definitions and guide further studies on the functional heterogeneity of cell subtypes and states, origins and fates in physiological and pathological processes. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent advances in the understanding of fibroblast identification and heterogeneity and how they discriminate from other cell types. In this review, the authors look at how recent progress in single-cell transcriptomics complement and enrich the classical, largely morphological, portraits of fibroblasts. The detailed molecular information now available provides new insights into fibroblast identity, heterogeneity and function.
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| 7. |
- Nilsson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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The structural origin of anomalous properties of liquid water
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 6
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Water is unique in its number of unusual, often called anomalous, properties. When hot it is a normal simple liquid; however, close to ambient temperatures properties, such as the compressibility, begin to deviate and do so increasingly on further cooling. Clearly, these emerging properties are connected to its ability to form up to four well-defined hydrogen bonds allowing for different local structural arrangements. A wealth of new data from various experiments and simulations has recently become available. When taken together they point to a heterogeneous picture with fluctuations between two classes of local structural environments developing on temperature-dependent length scales.
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| 8. |
- Ohlsson, Tommy, et al.
(författare)
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Renormalization group running of neutrino parameters
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 5, s. 5153-
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neutrinos are the most elusive particles in our Universe. They have masses at least one million times smaller than the electron mass, carry no electric charge and very weakly interact with other particles, meaning that they are rarely captured in terrestrial detectors. Tremendous efforts in the past two decades have revealed that neutrinos can transform from one type to another as a consequence of neutrino oscillations-a quantum mechanical effect over macroscopic distances-yet the origin of neutrino masses remains puzzling. The physical evolution of neutrino parameters with respect to energy scale may help elucidate the mechanism for their mass generation.
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| 9. |
- Rutter, Lindsay A., et al.
(författare)
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Astronaut omics and the impact of space on the human body at scale
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 15:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Future multi-year crewed planetary missions will motivate advances in aerospace nutrition and telehealth. On Earth, the Human Cell Atlas project aims to spatially map all cell types in the human body. Here, we propose that a parallel Human Cell Space Atlas could serve as an openly available, global resource for space life science research. As humanity becomes increasingly spacefaring, high-resolution omics on orbit could permit an advent of precision spaceflight healthcare. Alongside the scientific potential, we consider the complex ethical, cultural, and legal challenges intrinsic to the human space omics discipline, and how philosophical frameworks may benefit from international perspectives. High-resolution omics data have facilitated the ongoing Human Cell Atlas project. In this Perspective, Rutter and colleagues propose that a parallel Human Cell Space Atlas initiative would provide a platform for spaceflight-associated research and healthcare.
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| 10. |
- Rutter, Lindsay A., et al.
(författare)
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Protective alleles and precision healthcare in crewed spaceflight
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 15:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Common and rare alleles are now being annotated across millions of human genomes, and omics technologies are increasingly being used to develop health and treatment recommendations. However, these alleles have not yet been systematically characterized relative to aerospace medicine. Here, we review published alleles naturally found in human cohorts that have a likely protective effect, which is linked to decreased cancer risk and improved bone, muscular, and cardiovascular health. Although some technical and ethical challenges remain, research into these protective mechanisms could translate into improved nutrition, exercise, and health recommendations for crew members during deep space missions. As space travel promises to become a reality for more humans, insights from human genetics could serve to inform space medicine. Here, the authors overview genetic variants that might confer a protective effect in space, and ethical and technical challenges to translating these findings.
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