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- Carballo-Casla, Adrián, et al.
(författare)
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The Southern European Atlantic diet and all-cause and cause-specific mortality : a European multicohort study
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 31:3, s. 358-367
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The Southern European Atlantic diet (SEAD) is the traditional dietary pattern of northwestern Spain and northern Portugal, but it may resemble that of central, eastern, and western European countries. The SEAD has been found associated with lower risk of myocardial infarction and mortality in older adults, but it is uncertain whether this association also exists in other European populations and if it is similar as that found in its countries of origin.Methods and results: We conducted a prospective analysis of four cohorts with 35 917 subjects aged 18–96 years: ENRICA (Spain), HAPIEE (Czechia and Poland), and Whitehall II (United Kingdom). The SEAD comprised fresh fish, cod, red meat and pork products, dairy, legumes and vegetables, vegetable soup, potatoes, whole-grain bread, and moderate wine consumption. Associations were adjusted for sociodemographic variables, energy intake, lifestyle, and morbidity. After a median follow-up of 13.6 years (range = 0–15), we recorded 4 973 all-cause, 1 581 cardiovascular, and 1 814 cancer deaths. Higher adherence to the SEAD was associated with lower mortality in the pooled sample. Fully adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence interval per 1-standard deviation increment in the SEAD were 0.92 (0.89, 0.95), 0.91 (0.86, 0.96), and 0.94 (0.89, 0.99) for all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality, respectively. The association of the SEAD with all-cause mortality was not significantly different between countries [Spain = 0.93 (0.88, 0.99), Czechia = 0.94 (0.89,0.99), Poland = 0.89 (0.85, 0.93), United Kingdom = 0.98 (0.89, 1.07); P for interaction = 0.16].Conclusion: The SEAD was associated with lower all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality in southern, central, eastern, and western European populations. Associations were of similar magnitude as those found for existing healthy dietary patterns.
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| 2. |
- Fransson, Eleonor, et al.
(författare)
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Job strain and atrial fibrillation : results from the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health and meta-analysis of three studies
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Sage Publications. - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 25:11, s. 1142-1149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Knowledge about the impact of occupational exposures, such as work stress, on the risk of atrial fibrillation is limited. The present study aims to investigate the association between job strain, a measure of work stress, and atrial fibrillation.Design: Prospective cohort study design and fixed-effect meta-analysis.Methods: Data from the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (SLOSH) was utilised for the main analysis, combining self-reported data on work stress at baseline with follow-up data on atrial fibrillation from nationwide registers. Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A fixed-effect meta-analysis was conducted to pool the results from the present study with results from two similar previously published studies.Results: Based on SLOSH data, job strain was associated with an almost 50% increased risk of atrial fibrillation (hazard ratio 1.48, 95% CI 1.00-2.18) after adjustment for age, sex and education. Further adjustment for smoking, physical activity, body mass index and hypertension did not alter the estimated risk. The meta-analysis of the present and two previously published studies showed a consistent pattern, with job strain being associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation in all three studies. The estimated pooled hazard ratio was 1.37 (95% CI 1.13-1.67).Conclusion: The results highlight that occupational exposures, such as work stress, may be important risk factors for incident atrial fibrillation.
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| 3. |
- Goodman, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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The relationship between umbilical cord length and chronic rheumatic heart disease : a prospective cohort study
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 22:9, s. 1154-1160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: One previous, preliminary study reported that the length of the umbilical cord at birth is related to the risk of developing chronic rheumatic heart disease in later life. We sought to replicate this finding.DESIGN: Prospective, population-based birth cohort.METHODS: We traced 11,580 individuals born between 1915 and 1929 in Uppsala, Sweden. We identified cases with a main or secondary diagnosis of chronic rheumatic heart disease in the Swedish national inpatient, outpatient or death registers. Archived obstetric records provided data on umbilical cord length, gestational age, birthweight and placental weight.RESULTS: There were 136 patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease (72 men and 64 women) with a mean age at first hospital admission of 68 years (range 36-92). There was evidence of a positive association between umbilical cord length and risk of subsequent chronic rheumatic heart disease. The overall hazard ratio in the Swedish study (1.13, 95% confidence interval 1.01 to 1.27) was similar to that of the previous study, with some suggestion of larger effect in men than in women. No other birth characteristics were predictive except for weak evidence of a protective effect of higher birthweight in men.CONCLUSIONS: People with longer umbilical cords at birth are more likely to develop chronic rheumatic heart disease in later life. As longer umbilical cords have more spiral arteries and a higher vascular resistance, we hypothesize that the increased pressure load on the heart leads to changes in endothelial biology and increased vulnerability to the autoimmune process initiated by infection with β-haemolytic streptococci.
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| 4. |
- Khanolkar, Amal, et al.
(författare)
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Social determinants of cardiac disease biomarkers : Investigating a Swedish male cohort at ages 50 and 70
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 19:3, s. 523-533
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: To investigate relationships between socioeconomic position (SEP) and common CVD biomarkers including adiponectin not previously investigated in a Swedish-population sample, and to assess if these associations changed with age. Design: Population-based longitudinal cohort study of men born 1920-24 with clinical measurements, blood samples, questionnaire data, and register-based information on SEP and cause of death. Methods: A total of 2322 men attended an investigation at age 50 of which 1221 attended a reinvestigation at age 70. Association between SEP and CVD biomarkers [cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein (LDL/HDL), apolipoprotein (Apo) ApoB/ApoA1, and adiponectin] were analysed by linear regression (adjusted for age, body mass index, and physical activity). SEP was measured as occupational class and educational level. CVD mortality over 36 years of follow-up was analysed by Cox regression. Results: At age 50, we found a significant inverse association of education with cholesterol level, LDL/HDL ratio and ApoB/ApoA1 ratio. Cholesterol was also associated with occupational class, statistically significant after adjustment for all covariates. At age 70, no significant associations were found between either measurement of SEP and any of the biomarkers studied. Highest educated men had decreased risk for CVD mortality during follow-up. Conclusions: Associations of SEP with cholesterol levels and LDL/HDL ratio that exist at age 50 are no longer apparent in the same group of men at age 70. We found no significant association between SEP and adiponectin levels at age 70.
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| 5. |
- Song, Aiqin, et al.
(författare)
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Highly prevalent and poorly controlled cardiovascular risk factors among Chinese elderly people living in the rural community
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 2047-4873 .- 2047-4881. ; 21:10, s. 1267-1274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The epidemiological scenario of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) among elderly people in rural China is unclear. We seek to describe the distribution, burden and management of major CRFs among older Chinese people living in the rural community. Methods This cross-sectional study included 1538 participants in the Confucius Hometown Aging Project (2010-2011) of people 60 years of age (mean age 68.6 years; 59.1% women) who lived in a rural community nearby Qufu, Shandong, China. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview, a clinical examination and laboratory tests. We carried out descriptive analysis on the prevalence and management of major CRFs. Results The overall prevalence of current smoking, physical inactivity, hypertension, diabetes, high cholesterol and obesity were 13.8%, 83.7%, 76.0%, 26.6%, 42.4% and 13.1%, respectively: 82.8% and 50.4% of participants had 2 and 3, respectively, of the six CRFs. Prevalence of alcohol consumption was 18.7%. Men were more likely to smoke and consume alcohol than women, whereas women were more likely to be obese and physically inactive than men (p<0.001). Prevalence of physical inactivity and hypertension increased with age, prevalence of alcohol intake and obesity decreased with age, and prevalence of smoking and diabetes was stable. Hypertension, diabetes and high cholesterol were treated in 60.6%, 68.1% and 41.1% of those with the disease, respectively, but only 11.3%, 13.7% and 31.7% achieved good control. Conclusions CRFs are highly prevalent and poorly controlled among elderly people in rural China, where men and women have different CRF profiles. Intervention programs targeting major CRFs may improve the health of older people in China.
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