| 1. |
- Almstrand, Ann-Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
-
An explorative study on respiratory health among operators working in polymer additive manufacturing
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Public Health. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-2565. ; 11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Additive manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing, is a growing industry involving a wide range of different techniques and materials. The potential toxicological effects of emissions produced in the process, involving both ultrafine particles and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), are unclear, and there are concerns regarding possible health implications among AM operators.The objective of this study was to screen the presence of respiratory health effects among people working with liquid, powdered, or filament plastic materials in AM. MethodsIn total, 18 subjects working with different additive manufacturing techniques and production of filament with polymer feedstock and 20 controls participated in the study. Study subjects filled out a questionnaire and underwent blood and urine sampling, spirometry, impulse oscillometry (IOS), exhaled NO test (FeNO), and collection of particles in exhaled air (PEx), and the exposure was assessed. Analysis of exhaled particles included lung surfactant components such as surfactant protein A (SP-A) and phosphatidylcholines. SP-A and albumin were determined using ELISA. Using reversed-phase liquid chromatography and targeted mass spectrometry, the relative abundance of 15 species of phosphatidylcholine (PC) was determined in exhaled particles. The results were evaluated by univariate and multivariate statistical analyses (principal component analysis). ResultsExposure and emission measurements in AM settings revealed a large variation in particle and VOC concentrations as well as the composition of VOCs, depending on the AM technique and feedstock. Levels of FeNO, IOS, and spirometry parameters were within clinical reference values for all AM operators. There was a difference in the relative abundance of saturated, notably dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (PC16:0_16:0), and unsaturated lung surfactant lipids in exhaled particles between controls and AM operators. ConclusionThere were no statistically significant differences between AM operators and controls for the different health examinations, which may be due to the low number of participants. However, the observed difference in the PC lipid profile in exhaled particles indicates a possible impact of the exposure and could be used as possible early biomarkers of adverse effects in the airways.
|
|
| 2. |
- Dellve, Lotta, 1965, et al.
(författare)
-
Development Work in Swedish Eldercare: Resources for Trustworthy, Integrated Managerial Work During the COVID-19 Pandemic
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Frontiers In Public Health. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-2565. ; 10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The extensive needs for developments of eldercare addressing working conditions, care quality, influence, and safety was highlighted during the pandemic. This mixed-method study contribute with knowledge about capability-strengthening development work and its importance for trustworthy managerial work, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Questionnaire data and narratives from first-line managers immediately before (n = 284) and 16 months into the pandemic (n = 189), structured interviews with development leaders (n = 25), and documents were analyzed. The results identify different focuses of development work. Strategic-level development leaders focused the strengthening of old adults' capabilities. While operational-level leaders approached strengthening employees' capability. First-line managers' rating of their trustworthy managerial work decreased during the pandemic and was associated with their workload, development support and capability-strengthening projects focusing employees' resources. The study demonstrates the gap between strategic and the operational levels regarding understanding of capability set and needed resources for strengthening capabilities and trustworthy, integrated managerial work regarding safety, influence, and quality conditions for old adults and employees.
|
|
| 3. |
- Skagert, Katrin, et al.
(författare)
-
Implementing Organizational WHP Into Practice : Obstructing Paradoxes in the Alignment and Distribution of Empowerment
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Public Health. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-2565. ; 8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: According to policy and theory, there is need for organizational workplace health promotion (WHP) to strengthen working conditions for all employees. However, earlier studies show it is hard to implement in practice. The aim was to critically analyze and identify interacting mechanisms and obstacles behind failures of organizational WHP projects from system perspectives. Methods: A holistic case study was performed, to critically analyze data from an organizational WHP project approach at a public health care organization. The qualitative data was collected over 5 years and included interviews with key actors (n = 80), focus groups (n = 59 managers), structured observations (n = 250 hours), continuous field observations and documents (n = 180). Questionnaires to employees (n = 2,974) and managers (n = 140) was complementing the qualitative-driven mixed method approach. Results: The analysis shows obstructing paradoxes of alignment and distribution of empowerment during the process of implementation into practice. The obstacles were interacting over system levels and were identified as: Governance by logics of distancing and detaching, No binding regulation of WHP, Separated responsibility of results, Narrow focus on delegated responsibilities, Store-fronting a strategic model, Keeping poor organizational preconditions and support for developments and Isolate WHP from other organizational developments. Conclusions: The following premises can be formulated regarding successful organizational WHP programs. Consider (1) the uncertainty a distributed empowerment to all system levels may create; (2) the distributed impact to define the target and allow broader areas to be included in WHP; and (3) the integration into other development processes and not reducing the organizational WHP to the form of a project.
|
|
