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- Davis, N T, et al.
(författare)
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Crustacean cardioactive peptide-immunoreactive neurons in the hawkmoth Manduca sexta and changes in their immunoreactivity during postembryonic development.
- 1993
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Ingår i: Journal of Comparative Neurology. - : Wiley. - 0021-9967 .- 1096-9861. ; 338:4, s. 612-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An antiserum against crustacean cardioactive peptide was used, in indirect immunocytochemistry on whole-mounts and Vibratome sections, to map immunoreactive neurons at various stages of postembryonic development of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta. About 90 immunoreactive neurons were identified. Many of these cells are immunoreactive at hatching and persist into the adult stage; others become immunoreactive late in postembryonic development. During adult development, transient immunoreactivity is expressed in several cells in the subesophageal and thoracic ganglia. Two sets of immunoreactive neurons are found in the protocerebrum of larvae, but only one of these sets persists into the adult stage. Paired lateral interneurons and neurosecretory neurons are segmentally repeated in the abdominal ganglia and are present from the first larval stage to the adult; the abdominal interneurons project contralaterally to arborizations in adjacent ganglia, and some ascend to tritocerebral arborizations. The abdominal neurosecretory cells, which correspond to a pair of cells reported to contain bursicon, project posteriorly to neurohemal release organs. Motor neurons of dorsal external oblique abdominal muscles become immunoreactive in the fourth larval stage. Paired median neurosecretory cells of abdominal ganglia become immunoreactive during the fifth larval stage. The immunoreactive median and lateral abdominal neurosecretory cells are a subset of a group of cells known to contain cardioactive peptides. Paired lateral neurosecretory cells of the subesophageal ganglion become immunoreactive during pupation and project to the corpora cardiaca and aorta of the adult. Many of the neurons identified here are comparable to crustacean cardioactive peptide-immunoreactive cells described previously in locusts and the mealworm beetle.
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| 2. |
- Jankowska, Elzbieta, et al.
(författare)
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Morphology of interneurones in pathways from group II muscle afferents in sacral segments of the cat spinal cord.
- 1993
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Ingår i: The Journal of comparative neurology. - : Wiley. - 0021-9967. ; 337:3, s. 518-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The morphology of 12 sacral interneurones with peripheral input from group II muscle afferents was analyzed after intracellular injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The neurones were located in Rexed's laminae III-V overlying the pudendal (Onuf's) motor nucleus. The interneurones had medium sized elongated somata and dendrites projecting radially. All of the interneurones were funicular neurones and fell into two categories depending on whether their axons ran within the dorsal part of the lateral funiculus (DLF; n = 7) or within the ventral funiculus, or the ventral part of the lateral funiculus (VF or VLF; n = 4). The latter were located more rostrally. Within the DLF similar proportions of stem axons and secondary axonal branches descended and ascended. Within the VF and VLF all of the axons ascended. Collaterals of axons running in the DLF arborized primarily within the dorsal horn and the intermediate zone; none were found to approach the motor nuclei. In contrast, collaterals of axons running in the VF/VLF arborized in both the intermediate zone and the ventral horn and passed close to the motor nuclei. We conclude that sacral interneurones with group II input are morphologically nonhomogenous and that only those located most rostrally might have direct actions upon motoneurones. Both the axonal projections and the input (from group II but not from group I muscle afferents and from skin afferents) of sacral interneurones indicate that they are homologous to dorsal horn group II interneurones in the midlumbar segments. They appear, however, to form part of more local neuronal networks than their midlumbar counterparts.
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