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Sökning: L773:0028 0836 OR L773:1476 4687 > (2010-2019) > (2013)

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51.
  • Zhang, R., et al. (författare)
  • Chemical mapping of a single molecule by plasmon-enhanced Raman scattering
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 498:7452, s. 82-86
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Visualizing individual molecules with chemical recognition is a longstanding target in catalysis, molecular nanotechnology and biotechnology. Molecular vibrations provide a valuable 'finger-print' for such identification. Vibrational spectroscopy based on tip-enhanced Raman scattering allows us to access the spectral signals of molecular species very efficiently via the strong localized plasmonic fields produced at the tip apex(1-11). However, the best spatial resolution of the tip-enhanced Raman scattering imaging is still limited to 3-15 nanometres(5,12-16), which is not adequate for resolving a single molecule chemically. Here we demonstrate Raman spectral imaging with spatial resolution below one nanometre, resolving the inner structure and surface configuration of a single molecule. This is achieved by spectrally matching the resonance of the nanocavity plasmon to the molecular vibronic transitions, particularly the downward transition responsible for the emission of Raman photons. This matching is made possible by the extremely precise tuning capability provided by scanning tunnelling microscopy. Experimental evidence suggests that the highly confined and broadband nature of the nanocavity plasmon field in the tunnelling gap is essential for ultrahigh-resolution imaging through the generation of an efficient double-resonance enhancement for both Raman excitation and Raman emission. Our technique not only allows for chemical imaging at the single-molecule level, but also offers a new way to study the optical processes and photochemistry of a single molecule.
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52.
  • Zhu, Min, et al. (författare)
  • A Silurian placoderm with osteichthyan-like marginal jaw bones
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 502:7470, s. 188-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The gnathostome (jawed vertebrate) crown group comprises two extant clades with contrasting character complements. Notably, Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish) lack the large dermal bones that characterize Osteichthyes (bony fish and tetrapods). The polarities of these differences, and the morphology of the last common ancestor of crown gnathostomes, are the subject of continuing debate. Here we describe a three-dimensionally preserved 419-million-year-old placoderm fish from the Silurian of China that represents the first stem gnathostome with dermal marginal jaw bones (premaxilla, maxilla and dentary), features previously restricted to Osteichthyes. A phylogenetic analysis places the new form near the top of the gnathostome stem group but does not fully resolve its relationships to other placoderms. The analysis also assigns all acanthodians to the chondrichthyan stem group. These results suggest that the last common ancestor of Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes had a macromeric dermal skeleton, and provide a new framework for studying crown gnathostome divergence.
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53.
  • Parmentier, Frans-Jan, et al. (författare)
  • Arctic: speed of methane release
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Nature. - 0028-0836. ; 500:7464, s. 529-529
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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54.
  • Wahlgren, M, et al. (författare)
  • Repertoire unveiled
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: NATURE. - 0028-0836. ; 499:7457, s. 156-157
  • Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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