| 1. |
- Alpizar, Francisco, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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How Much Do We Care About Absolute versus Relative Income and Consumption?
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681. ; 56, s. 405-421
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We find, using survey-experimental methods, that most individuals are concerned with both relative income and relative consumption of particular goods. The degree of concern varies in the expected direction depending on the properties of the good. However, contrary to what has been suggested in the previous literature, we find that relative consumption is also important for vacation and insurance, which are typically seen as non-positional goods. Further, absolute consumption is also found to be important for cars and housing, which are widely regarded as highly positional. © 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Cesarini, David, et al.
(författare)
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Confidence interval estimation tasks and the economics of overconfidence
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of economic behavior & organization. - : Elsevier B.V. - 1879-1751 .- 0167-2681. ; 61:3, s. 453-470
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the robustness of results from confidence interval estimation tasks with respect to a number of manipulations: frequency assessments, peer frequency assessments, iteration, and monetary incentives. Our results suggest that a large share of the overconfidence in interval estimation tasks is an artifact of the response format. Using frequencies and monetary incentives reduces the measured overconfidence in the confidence interval method by about 65 percent. The results are consistent with the notion that subjects have a deep aversion to setting broad confidence intervals, a reluctance that we attribute to a socially rational trade-off between informativeness and accuracy.
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| 4. |
- Cordes, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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A Naturalistic Approach to the Theory of the Firm : The Role of Cooperation
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 68:1, s. 125-139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One reason why firms exist, this paper argues, is because they are suitable organizations within which cooperative production systems based on human social predispositions can evolve. In addition, we show how an entrepreneur, given these predispositions, can shape human behavior within a firm. To illustrate these processes, we will present a model that depicts how the biased transmission of cultural contents via social learning processes within the firm influence employees’ behavior and the performance of the firm. These biases can be traced back to evolved social predispositions. Humans lived in tribal scale social systems based on significant amounts of intra- and even intergroup cooperation for tens if not a few hundred thousand years before the first complex societies arose. Firms rest upon the social psychology originally evolved for tribal life. We also relate our conclusions to empirical evidenceon the performance and size of different kinds of organizations. Modern organizations have functions rather different from ancient tribes, leading to friction between our social predispositions and organization goals. Firms that manage to reduce this friction will tend to function better.
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| 5. |
- Danielson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Do you trust your brethren? Eliciting trust attitudes and trust behavior in a Tanzanian congregation
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681. ; 62:2, s. 255-271
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper describes one possible method for using subject pools other than undergraduate students. We also report the results from an experiment in which 145 subjects belonging to a specific church in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania were exposed to a Trust Game and a standard set of attitudinal survey questions in order to study trust and trustworthiness, two concepts that are likely to be at the core of the formation of social capital. Issues of method are discussed, and the results are contrasted with those from a Trust Game with Tanzanian undergraduate students as the subject pool. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Ellingsen, Tore, et al.
(författare)
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The aversion to lying
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier. - 0167-2681. ; 70:1-2, s. 81-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Ellingsen, Tore, et al.
(författare)
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Time is not money
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier. - 0167-2681. ; 72:1, s. 96-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Holm, Jerker, et al.
(författare)
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Intra-generational trust - A semi-experimental study of trust among different generations
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681 .- 1879-1751. ; 58:3, s. 403-419
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- From a public database in Sweden we obtained a subject pool consisting of one group of 20 years old and another group exactly 50 years older. The groups participated in a mail-based trust game, in which the young cohort exhibited more trust than the older one. Subjects significantly preferred to place trust in co-players of their own cohort and of the female sex. When amounts sent and proportions returned in the mail-based game are compared with other trust games conducted in standard laboratory environments, it is found that the mail-based game does not seem to generate extreme distributions. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 9. |
- Holm, Jerker
(författare)
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Markets are more than Bits
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-2681. ; 63:2, s. 256-261
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper argues that the main contribution of Mirowski's paper is the new combination of some seemingly unrelated ideas, like principles for market evolvement and automata theory. Furthermore, many of Mirowski's ideas ought to be inspiring for future economic research. However, it is argued that some ideas, if scrutinized, are difficult to motivate, and other need further refinement before they can provide a firm basis for a new research programme in economics. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Huber, Jürgen, et al.
(författare)
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Is more information always better? Experimental financial markets with cumulative information
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization. - 0167-2681. ; 65:1, s. 86-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the value of information in financial markets by asking whether having more information always leads to higher returns. We address this question in an experiment where information about an asset's intrinsic value is cumulatively distributed among traders. We find that only the very best informed traders (i.e., insiders) significantly outperform less informed traders. However, there is a wide range of information levels (from zero information to above average information levels) where additional information does not yield higher returns. The latter result implies that the value of additional information need not be strictly positive.
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