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- Braunerhjelm, Pontus, 1953-
(författare)
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Academic Entrepreneurship : Social norms, university culture and policies
- 2007
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - 0302-3427 .- 1471-5430. ; 34:9, s. 619-631
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Is a shift in intellectual property rights to universities the key instrument in increasing commercialization of publicly funded research? How much can actually be learned from the US system, disregarding the ongoing debate as to whether the USA do actually outperform Europe in terms of commercializing university-based research? Taking Sweden as a role model, the article claims that this policy will not work, from the analysis of a unique database giving individual university researchers' views on participation in commercialization of public research, their commercialization experiences, and the obstacles researchers say exist to increase academic entrepreneurship. Despite researchers' positive attitudes towards engaging in commercial activities, the university culture, weak incentive structures and badly managed support facilities impede the creation of efficient links to markets. Measures must be taken at primarily the national level, but also at the university level, to enhance commercialization activities
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| 2. |
- Kulawik, Teresa
(författare)
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Science Policy and Public Accountability in Poland : The Case of Embryonic Stem Cell Research
- 2009
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - 0302-3427 .- 1471-5430. ; 36:6, s. 469-482
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines how exercises of public involvement in science policy, which have been transported to the new member states via EU regulations, function in post-socialist democracies. Given Poland's agonistic and non-transparent policy style, the public consultation process in the case of embryonic stem-cell research stands out as an exemplary model of ensuring public awareness and high-quality communication. When taking a closer look at the applied accountability criteria, however, the overall assessment becomes more critical. Still, an important result of this case study is that deliberative exercises based on face-to-face forums facilitate communication and contribute to mutual understanding even within highly polarized and antagonistic constellations. The findings of the case study suggest that exercises of public involvement need more precise institutional rules to have an impact on advancing public accountability in consolidating democracies.
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| 3. |
- Benner, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Pathways to the entrepreneurial university: towards a global convergence
- 2008
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - 1471-5430. ; 35:9, s. 681-695
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyzes the transition to the entrepreneurial university as part of a broader shift to a knowledge-based economy, arising from a complex interplay between exogenous (top-down) and endogenous factors (bottom-up) of a more or less similar nature, combined in different ways in different countries. Drawing on the experience of four countries (US, Sweden, Japan and Brazil) with different institutional trajectories and degrees of academic entrepreneurial transformation, under varying degrees of state control and levels of university initiative, we argue that a global convergence is currently taking shape toward entrepreneurial universities playing a central role in a knowledge-based economy that moves beyond etatism and pure market relations to an intermediate position within a triple helix regime. The role of public venture capital in financing the transition to the entrepreneurial university and its possible interventions in a counter-cyclical business model, which is also active in periods of economic downturn, are also discussed.
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