| 21. |
- McKelvey, Maureen, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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A Recent Crisis in Regenerative Medicine : Analyzing Governance in Order to Identify Public Policy Issues
- 2018
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 0302-3427 .- 1471-5430. ; 45:5, s. 608-620
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article focuses upon issues that public policy makers need to address, when trying to stimulate world-leading research into new areas, which are potentially also valuable to solving societal challenges. Our analysis helps contribute to the theoretical discussions about governance of new knowledge. We focus upon the sequence of events surrounding the main actors of a recent crisis of regenerative medicine in Sweden. We define governance theoretically, and use a conceptual model in order to structure the empirical analysis. Regenerative medicine is an interesting setting to explore these topics, not least because both public and private actors are often involved, and because governments struggle with how to promote ‘translational research’, e.g. diffusing scientific research into clinical practice. Our case study helps understand the process that led up to a crisis in regenerative medicine and identifies and discusses four issues that need to be addressed by policy makers. © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press.
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| 22. |
- Moodysson, Jerker, et al.
(författare)
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Policy learning and smart specialization : Balancing policy change and continuity for new regional industrial paths
- 2017
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Oxford University Press. - 0302-3427 .- 1471-5430. ; 44:3, s. 382-391
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper seeks to explain what policy approaches and policy measures are best suited for promoting new regional industrial path development and what needs and possibilities there are for such policy to change and adapt to new conditions in order to remain efficient. The paper departs from the notion of Smart Specialization and discusses how regional strategies that are inspired by this approach influence path renewal and new path creation and how they are related to and aligned with policy strategies implemented at other scales (local, regional, national, supranational). Our main argument is that new regional industrial growth paths require both continuity and change within the support structure of the innovation system. Unless smart specialization strategies are able to combine such adaptation and continuity, they fail to promote path renewal and new path creation. Our arguments are illustrated with empirical findings from the regional innovation system of Scania, South Sweden.
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| 23. |
- Nilsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Regional innovation policy and coordination: Illustrations from Southern Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1471-5430 .- 0302-3427. ; 42:2, s. 147-161
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The analytical framework of regional innovation systems highlights the systemic nature of regional economies and the need for policy coordination within regions. Coordination presupposes an understanding of the underlying problems that may act as barriers to regional development. Three generic problems facing regions are: lack of resources (e.g. human and financial capital), negative lock-in (e.g. to historically strong sectors), and fragmentation of actors and activities. There are only a few examples of innovation system studies that investigate these problems by analysing actors and their activities as well as the institutional framework surrounding them. This paper offers a framework for analysing innovation system problems, focusing on actors and activities as well as institutions. In doing so, the need for coordination of activities performed by different actors is highlighted, as is the relevance of neutrality in the coordinating function. Three sectoral policy initiatives in a Swedish region are studied.
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| 24. |
- Rekers, Josephine, et al.
(författare)
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Interdisciplinary research and geography: Overcoming barriers through proximity
- 2015
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1471-5430 .- 0302-3427. ; 42:2, s. 242-254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Contributions on interdisciplinary research have so far focused on barriers to such collaborations and strategies for overcoming these. In this paper, we propose that a geographical perspective contributes to understand the formation of successful interdisciplinary research collaborations. The empirical analysis of a centre for clinical cancer research illustrates the importance of considering the role of geographical proximity to collaborators and decision-makers, as well as the co-location of excellent research groups within different fields, in overcoming barriers to interdisciplinary research. We suggest that policies aimed at stimulating lasting interdisciplinary research collaborations should take the distance between collaborators into account.
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| 25. |
- Rosenlund, Joacim, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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A cross-national environmental cluster collaboration : Shifting between an analytical and management level of the triple helix
- 2015
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0302-3427 .- 1471-5430. ; 42:4, s. 583-593
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The STInno project, which was part of the EU Framework Programme 7 aimed to minimise thedistance between south–north regions in Europe with a specific focus on wastewater treatmentclusters. Three triple helix collaborations from three different countries participated, using theirknowledge to work on a case study of olive mill wastewaters. The objective of this paper was tostudy how the triple helix functioned in practice. Results showed that a management model of thetriple helix is somewhat different from the analytical model. A shift between these two viewsoccurred during the project and the participants had to relate to this, as it had an effect onthe outcomes. Concepts of social capital and trust are used to further elaborate on this byemphasising the importance of the people side of the triple helix and how the original, analyticalmodel can be limiting when used in management practice.
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| 26. |
- Rosenlund, Joacim, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Overcoming the Triple Helix Boundaries in an Environmental Research Collaboration
- 2017
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Oxford University Press. - 0302-3427 .- 1471-5430. ; 44:2, s. 153-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cross-sector interactions between university and other sectors are increasingly important to contemporary knowledge production. However, there are few guidelines for conducting such interactions at the micro-level of actor or research group. The aim of this study was to provide a better understanding of cross-sector collaboration by drawing upon the theory of knowledge boundaries. The main author worked as an action researcher, specifically an interactive researcher, within an environmental research group that was focused on solving on-site industry wastewater issues. Using this approach, we created arenas for dialogue between sectors. During this three-year European Union project, built on three years of previous research, there was an increased demand for the group to develop applied results and to interact with other sectors. Thus, the researchers were challenged to cross boundaries and share their knowledge with partners outside academia. We argue that difficulties are encountered when crossing information process-oriented, cultural, and political boundaries. These difficulties are related to the move between Mode 1 and Mode 2 of knowledge production and the triple helix approach. Solutions to these issues were solved, in part, by the use of boundary spanners and boundary management.
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| 27. |
- Schwaag-Serger, Sylvia, et al.
(författare)
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Chinese university governance: Tensions and reforms
- 2015
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1471-5430 .- 0302-3427. ; 42:6, s. 871-886
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chinese universities have undergone a massive transformation in recent decades. In addition to a dramatic increase in the number of universities and students, universities have shifted from primarily providing education to emphasizing research. Omnipresent political control is to be replaced by stronger academic self-organization. The result so far is a growing stratification of Chinese universities, with a few select research universities receiving the bulk of government research funding and a large number of universities with very little public funding for research which focus primarily on education. The rapidly changing landscape, with growing numbers but also increasing stratification and with conflicting relations between political control and self-organization, has given rise to tensions within universities and within the higher education system. In this paper, we identify these tensions and discuss their implications for China’s quest to establish world-class universities and to achieve the transition to an innovation-oriented nation. Key words
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| 28. |
- Hellström, Tomas
(författare)
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Centres of excellence and capacity building : From strategy to impact
- 2018
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - 0302-3427. ; 45:4, s. 543-552
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article reports on a Small-N study of Centre of Excellence (CoE) schemes that cover a wide variety of such schemes. The purpose is to map the ways in which strategic aims of CoE schemes relate to impacts and capacity development, and the role played by institutional arrangements such as selection, funding, evaluation, and governance in translating strategy into capacity development and other impacts. Altogether 12 CoE schemes from six countries were analysed in terms of strategy, governance, and impact or capacity building. Findings suggest that while CoE schemes tend to focus on capacity outcomes viz. network stimulation, skills development, and transfer of expertise, the most important outcome is the 'meta-capacity' involved in formulating and carrying out policy and research in new ways, developing professionalization in the academic workforce and enabling organizations such as universities to set their own priorities and engage in professional research governance.
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| 29. |
- Wesseling, Joeri H., et al.
(författare)
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Public procurement for innovation to help meet societal challenges : A review and case study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - 0302-3427. ; 45:4, s. 493-502
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Public procurement for innovation (PPI) is a powerful, underutilized demand-side innovation policy instrument. How this instrument can contribute to meeting societal challenges, which require goaloriented transformation of socio-technical systems, remains unclear and is explored in this article. This article draws on the transitions and PPI literature to propose transformative processes to which PPI can contribute and identifies factors that determine the effectiveness of PPI in meeting societal challenges. The propositions are explored with a case study on the procurement of radically new flood barrier technology, using event history mapping analysis. The article concludes that, under certain conditions, PPI can contribute to the transformative processes of (1) the articulation of societal demands to direct challenge-driven transformation; (2) the development and production; (3) selection; and (4) the diffusion and use of new technologies to meet these societal demands. The article ends with policy recommendations on how PPI can help meet societal challenges.
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