| 1. |
- Jonsson, Lina, 1982, et al.
(författare)
-
Association between ASMT and autistic-like traits in children from a Swedish nationwide cohort
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Psychiatric Genetics. - Stockholm : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0955-8829 .- 1473-5873. ; 24:1, s. 21-27
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Individuals with autism spectrum disorders often show low levels of melatonin, and it has been suggested that this decrease may be because of the low activity of the acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT), the last enzyme in the melatonin-synthesis pathway. Also, genetic variants in ASMT have been associated with autism, as well as with low ASMT activity and melatonin levels, suggesting that the low ASMT activity observed in autism may partly be because of variations within the ASMT gene. In this study, we present a symptom-based approach to investigate possible associations between ASMT and autistic-like traits in the general population. To this end, continuous measures of autistic-like traits were assessed in a nationally representative twin cohort (n=1771) from Sweden and six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and a duplication of exons 2-8 in ASMT were genotyped. Our results show a nominally significant association, in girls, between one single nucleotide polymorphism (rs5949028) in the last intron of ASMT and social interaction impairments. No significant association, however, was observed with traits related to language impairment or restricted and repetitive behavior. In conclusion, our results support the possible involvement of the ASMT gene in autism spectrum disorders, and our finding that only one of the three traits shows association suggests that genetic research may benefit from adopting a symptom-specific approach to identify genes involved in autism psychopathology.
|
|
| 2. |
- Annerbrink, Kristina, 1974, et al.
(författare)
-
Panic disorder is associated with the Val308Iso polymorphism in the hypocretin receptor gene
- 2011
-
Ingår i: PSYCHIATRIC GENETICS. - : Rapid Communications of Oxford Ltd. - 0955-8829 .- 1473-5873. ; 21:2, s. 85-89
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Orexin A and B are neuropeptides influencing, for example, arousal and respiration. Although panic disorder is characterized by both enhanced proneness for arousal and by respiratory abnormalities, the possible influence of orexin-related genes on the risk of developing this disorder has not been studied until now. Methods We have analyzed the Ile408Val polymorphism in the hypocretin receptor 1 (HCRTR1) gene and the Val308Iso (G1246A) polymorphism in the hypocretin receptor 2 (HCRTR2) gene in a sample of 215 panic disorder patients and 454 controls. Results Although the polymorphism in the HCRTR1 did not differ between groups, the Iso allele of the HCRTR2 polymorphism was significantly more frequent in patients than in controls. After the population was divided according to sex, the association between the Iso allele of the Val308Iso polymorphism and panic disorder was observed only in female patients. Conclusion Our results suggest that the HCRTR2 polymorphism may be of importance for the pathophysiology of panic disorder. The results should be regarded as preliminary until replicated in an independent sample. This indicates that further research on the possible role of orexin in panic disorder may prove rewarding.
|
|
| 3. |
- Comasco, Erika, et al.
(författare)
-
Postpartum depression symptoms : a case-control study on monoaminergic functional polymorphisms and environmental stressors
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Psychiatric Genetics. - 0955-8829 .- 1473-5873. ; 21:1, s. 19-28
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:Postpartum depression (PPD) is an under diagnosed and under treated mood disorder, with negative impact on both the mother and the infant's health. The aim of this study is to examine whether genetic variations in the monoaminergic neurotransmitter system, together with environmental stressors, contribute to the development of PPD symptoms.METHODS:This nested case-control study included 275 women from a population-based cohort of delivering women in Sweden. A questionnaire containing the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was collected at 6 weeks and 6 months postpartum. Three functional polymorphisms were genotyped, catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT)-ValMet, monoamine oxidase A (MAOA)-upstream variable number tandem repeat (uVNTR) and serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5HTT-LPR). Stressful life events, maternity stressors and previous psychiatric contact were considered as potential risk factors.RESULTS:COMT-ValMet was significantly associated with PPD symptoms at 6 weeks, but not at 6 months postpartum. A significant gene-gene interaction effect was present between COMT-ValMet and MAOA-uVNTR. In a gene-environment multivariate model, COMT-ValMet, psychiatric contact and maternity stressors were significantly associated with PPD symptoms. Among those with history of psychiatric problems, the COMT-ValMet and 5HTT-LPR risk variants were associated with PPD symptoms, whereas in the absence of previous psychiatric contact only maternity stressors were related to PPD symptoms.CONCLUSION:The interaction effect between monoaminergic genes and environmental stressors is likely to contribute to vulnerability for PPD. The different patterns of association according to history of psychiatric problems, if replicated, might be helpful in screening strategies.
|
|
| 4. |
- DeYoung, Colin G., et al.
(författare)
-
Variation in the catechol-O-methyltransferase Val(158)Met polymorphism associated with conduct disorder and ADHD symptoms, among adolescent male delinquents
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Psychiatric Genetics. - 0955-8829 .- 1473-5873. ; 20:1, s. 20-24
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective Variation in the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene (COMT) has been associated with antisocial behavior in populations with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This study examined whether COMT would predict antisocial behavior in a sample with high levels of behavior problems, not necessarily ADHD. In addition, because previous research suggests that COMT may be associated with ADHD in males, association between COMT and ADHD symptoms was examined. Method This study tested whether variation in three polymorphisms of the COMT gene was predictive of symptoms of conduct disorder and ADHD, in a sample of 174 incarcerated Russian adolescent male delinquents. Results The Val allele of the Val(158)Met polymorphism was significantly associated with conduct disorder diagnosis and symptoms, whereas the Met allele was associated with ADHD symptoms. Conclusion The Val(158)Met polymorphism of the COMT gene shows a complex relation to behavior problems, influencing conduct disorder and ADHD symptoms in opposite directions in a high-risk population. Psychiatr Genet 20:20-24 (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
|
|
| 5. |
- Hiio, Kelli, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of serotonin transporter promoter and BDNF Val66Met genotype on personality traits in a population representative sample of adolescents
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Psychiatric Genetics. - 0955-8829 .- 1473-5873. ; 21:5, s. 261-264
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the 5-HTTLPR and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met polymorphisms on self-reported Big Five personality traits and their facets in a population representative sample of adolescents. The sample consisted of both cohorts of the Estonian Children Personality Behaviour and Health Study, and personality data were collected during its second waves. The 5-HTTLPR and BDNF Val66Met polymorphisms were genotyped. The BDNF Val66Met had a significant effect on conscientiousness [F(1,807) = 4.32, P = 0.038]. We did not find effects of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism on the main domains of personality, however, a gene x gene interaction on conscientiousness emerged -BDNF Val66Met Met-allele carriers with the 5-HTTLPR s/s genotype had by far the lowest scores in conscientiousness [F(2,803) = 4.38, P = 0.012]. In addition, we found genotype effects on some facet scales. In conclusion, the BDNF Val66Met genotype Met-allele carriers have lower conscientiousness, and this effect is increased in the 5-HTTLPR s/s individuals.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Suchankova, Petra, 1979, et al.
(författare)
-
The+1444C > T polymorphism in the CRP gene: a study on personality traits and suicidal behaviour
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Psychiatric Genetics. - 0955-8829 .- 1473-5873. ; 23:2, s. 70-76
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Numerous studies have shown associations between an on-going depression and elevated serum levels of the acute-phase reactant C-reactive protein (CRP). Also, in suicidal behaviour, a proinflammatory state has been suggested to be of importance for the pathophysiology. There is a genetic susceptibility to suicidal behaviour, but studies with respect to genes related to inflammation are sparse. We have previously reported an association between a polymorphism located in the CRP gene, +1444C>T (rs1130864), and the personality trait impulsiveness in women assessed using the Karolinska Scales of Personality. The present study aims to replicate these results in suicide attempters and examine whether the polymorphism is associated with suicidal behaviour. Materials and methods: The +1444C>T polymorphism was genotyped in suicide attempters from two cohorts (a total of 106 patients) and healthy controls (n=517). Results: We could replicate our previous finding, as the +1444T allele was associated with higher scores in the Karolinska Scales of Personality factor extraversion and its subscale impulsiveness in one of the patient cohorts. Furthermore, the +1444T allele was significantly more common among suicide attempters compared with the +1444C allele. Conclusion: The present results lend further support to the relevance of inflammation for suicidal behaviour. The association between the polymorphism and personality trait impulsiveness reinforces our hypothesis of the importance of immune-related genes also for normal mental functions such as personality traits. Given the fact that impulsiveness is a well-known risk factor for suicidal behaviour, we further hypothesize that the polymorphism studied may in part explain this relationship.
|
|
| 8. |
- Van Schijndel, Jessica E., et al.
(författare)
-
Dual association of a TRKA polymorphism with schizophrenia
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Psychiatric Genetics. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0955-8829 .- 1473-5873. ; 21:3, s. 125-131
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: An interaction between predisposing genes and environmental stressors is thought to underlie the neurodevelopmental disorder schizophrenia. In a targeted gene screening, we previously found that the minor allele of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6336 in the neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor 1 (NTRK1/TRKA) gene is associated with schizophrenia as a risk factor.METHODS: We genotyped the TRKA SNP in a total of eight independent Caucasian schizophrenia case-control groups.RESULT: Remarkably, although in five of the groups a higher frequency of the risk allele was indeed found in the patients compared with the controls, in the three other groups the SNP acted as a protective factor.CONCLUSION: An intriguing possibility is that this dual character of the TRKA SNP is caused by its interaction with endophenotypic and/or epistatic factors.
|
|
| 9. |
- Wargelius, Hanna-Linn, et al.
(författare)
-
Associations of MAOA-VNTR or 5HTT-LPR alleles with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms are moderated by platelet monoamine oxidase B activity
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Psychiatric Genetics. - 0955-8829 .- 1473-5873. ; 22:1, s. 42-45
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The monoamine systems have been suggested to play a role in the biological basis of ADHD symptoms. Thus, polymorphisms in e.g. the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) and the serotonin transporter (5HTT) genes have been associated with ADHD like phenotypes. Furthermore, platelet MAOB activity has frequently been linked to impulsiveness-related traits. In the present paper, we have studied ADHD symptoms with regard to the combination of platelet MAOB activity and MAOAVNTR or 5HTT-LPR genotype. The study group consisted of 156 adolescent twin pairs, i.e. 312 individuals, who were used in a previous study (Malmberg et al., 2008). ADHD symptoms were scored with a structured clinical interview of both the twin and a parent using Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version. Presence of a short 5HTT-LPR or short MAOA-VNTR allele, in combination with high levels of platelet MAOB enzyme activity was associated with higher scores of ADHD like problems (p<0.001; p<0.01, respectively). This reexamination of ADHD scores in a non-clinical sample suggests that effects of the MAOA-VNTR and 5HTT-LPR are moderated by platelet MAOB activity.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
