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- Andersson, Emil, et al.
(författare)
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Low pericyte coverage of endometrial microvessels in heavy menstrual bleeding correlates with the microvessel expression of VEGF-A.
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Medicine. - : Spandidos Publications. - 1791-244X .- 1107-3756. ; 35:2, s. 433-438
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A prospective clinical study was carried out to investigate whether endometrial microvessels in patients with idiopathic heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) of endometrial origin (HMB-E) are fragile due to low pericyte coverage. Idiopathic HMB-E is characterized by large endothelial cell gaps related to the microvascular overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and VEGF receptors 1-3. A total of 10 women with a normal menstrual cycle and a history of HMB of <5 years, and 17 healthy women with a normal menstrual cycle were recruited from the Karolinska University Hospital. Blood samples were obtained for hormone analysis and coagulation tests. Endometrial biopsies were collected in the proliferative or in the secretory phase. Pericyte coverage was assessed using immunohistochemical staining for smooth muscle actin-α (SMAα) and by image analysis (microvascular density) of endometrial biopsies from 10 patients with HMB-E and 17 healthy ovulating women (control subjects). Previously published data on endothelial cell gap size and the expression of VEGF receptors were used. Although microvascular density did not differ between the patients with HMB-E and the control subjects, the number of SMAα-positive microvessels in the proliferative phase was significantly (P=0.005) lower in the patients with HMB-E than in the control subjects. Moreover, the number of SMAα-positive microvessels in the control subjects was significantly fewer in the secretory (P=0.04) than in the proliferative phase, whereas this number did not differ among the patients with HMB-E regardless of phase. A significant negative correlation was observed between the number of VEGF-A-positive microvessels and microvessels with pericyte coverage (r=0.8; P=0.04). Finally, the endothelial cell layer was significantly thicker in the patients with HMB-E than in the control subjects. Thus, the upregulation of VEGF-A in idiopathic HMB-E is associated with a low pericyte coverage during the proliferative phase of intense angiogenesis, which may confer vessel fragility, possibly leading to excessive blood loss.
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- Bryukhovetskiy, Igor, et al.
(författare)
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Personalized regulation of glioblastoma cancer stem cells based on biomedical technologies : From theory to experiment (Review)
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Medicine. - : SPANDIDOS PUBL LTD. - 1107-3756 .- 1791-244X. ; 42:2, s. 691-702
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most aggressive brain tumors. GBM represents >50% of primary tumors of the nervous system and similar to 20% of intracranial neoplasms. Standard treatment involves surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. However, the prognosis of GBM is usually poor, with a median survival of 15 months. Resistance of GBM to treatment can be explained by the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) among the GBM cell population. At present, there are no effective therapeutic strategies for the elimination of CSCs. The present review examined the nature of human GBM therapeutic resistance and attempted to systematize and put forward novel approaches for a personalized therapy of GBM that not only destroys tumor tissue, but also regulates cellular signaling and the morphogenetic properties of CSCs. The CSCs are considered to be an informationally accessible living system, and the CSC proteome should be used as a target for therapy directed at suppressing clonal selection mechanisms and CSC generation, destroying CSC hierarchy, and disrupting the interaction of CSCs with their microenvironment and extracellular matrix. These objectives can be achieved through the use of biomedical cellular products.
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- Cunha, Sara I., et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to EGF and 17 beta-estradiol irreversibly affects the proliferation and transformation of MCF7 cells but is not sufficient to promote tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model upon withdrawal of exposure
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Medicine. - : SPANDIDOS PUBL LTD. - 1107-3756 .- 1791-244X. ; 42:3, s. 1615-1624
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and estrogen are potent regulators of breast tumorigenesis. Their short-term actions on human breast epithelial cells have been investigated extensively. However, the consequence of a long-term exposure to EGF and estrogen remains to be fully elucidated. The present study examined the effects of long-term exposure to EGF and 17 beta-estradiol on the proliferation, transformation, expression of markers of stemness, and tumorigenesis of MCF7 human breast adenocarcinoma cells. Exposure to EGF and/or 17 beta-estradiol irreversibly enhanced the proliferation rate of MCF7 cells, even following withdrawal. However, in a mouse xenograft experiment, no significant difference in tumor volume was observed between tumors derived from cells exposed to EGF, 17 beta-estradiol or EGF + 17 beta-estradiol. Immunohistochemistry performed on tumors derived from 17 beta-estradiol-exposed cells revealed reduced cell proliferation and vessel scores, according to the results obtained using Ki67 and von Willebrand factor staining, respectively. The EGF-and/or 17 beta-estradiol-treated cells exhibited an increased ratio of cluster of differentiation (CD) 44(+)/CD24(-) cells and enhanced ability to form mammospheres. Furthermore, the long-term exposure of MCF7 cells to EGF and 17 beta-estradiol altered their responsiveness to short-term stimulatory or inhibitory treatments with EGF, 17 beta-estradiol, transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF beta 1), Iressa and SB431542. Therefore, the findings indicated that sustained exposure of MCF7 cells to EGF and/or 17 beta-estradiol resulted in enhanced cell proliferation and mammosphere formation, an increased ratio of CD 44(+)/CD24 cells, and altered responses to short-term treatments with EGF, 17 beta-estradiol, TGF beta 1, and drugs inhibiting these signaling pathways. However, this sustained exposure was not sufficient to affect tumor take or volume in a xenograft mouse model.
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- Rossignoli, Aranzazu, et al.
(författare)
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Plasma cholesterol lowering in an AngII-infused atherosclerotic mouse model with moderate hypercholesterolemia
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Molecular Medicine. - : Spandidos Publications. - 1107-3756 .- 1791-244X. ; 42:1, s. 471-478
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Atherosclerosis is the main underlying causes of cardiovascular disease. There is a well‑established association between high blood cholesterol levels and the extent of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, atherosclerosis has been proposed to augment abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation. As patients with AAA often have parallel atherosclerotic disease and are therefore often on cholesterol‑lowering therapy, it is not possible to fully address the independent effects of plasma cholesterol lowering (PCL) treatment on AAA. The present study investigated the effect of angiotensin II (AngII)‑infusion in modestly hypercholesterolemic Ldlr‑/‑Apob100/100Mttpflox/floxMx1‑Cre mice with or without PCL treatment on a morphological and molecular level, in terms of atherosclerosis and AAA development. AngII infusion in the study mice resulted in an increased atherosclerotic lesion area and increased infiltration of inflammatory leukocytes, which was not observed in mice with PCL induced prior to AngII infusion. This suggested that AngII infusion in this mouse model induced atherosclerosis development, and that plasma cholesterol levels represent a controlling factor. Furthermore, AngII infusion in Ldlr‑/‑Apob100/100Mttpflox/floxMx1‑Cre mice caused a modest aneurysmal phenotype, and no differences in AAA development were observed between the different study groups. However, the fact that modest hypercholesterolemic mice did not develop AAA in a classical aneurysmal model indicated that plasma cholesterol levels are important for disease development.
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