| 1. |
- Alfonsson, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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Is age a better predictor of weight loss one year after Gastric bypass than symptoms of disordered eating, depression, adult ADHD, and alcohol consumption?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Eating Behaviors. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-0153 .- 1873-7358. ; 15:4, s. 644-647
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION:Findings regarding psychological risk factors for low weight loss after bariatric surgery have been inconsistent. The association between gender and weight outcome is unclear while younger age has been consistently shown to be associated with better weight outcome. The aim of this study was to analyze the interactions between gender and age on the one hand and symptoms of disordered eating, depression, adult ADHD and alcohol consumption on the other hand in regard to weight loss after gastric bypass.METHODS:Bariatric surgery patients were recruited and asked to fill out self-report questionnaires regarding behavioral risk factors before and twelve months after surgery. Data from one hundred and twenty-nine patients were analyzed.RESULTS:After controlling for age, no psychological variable measured prior to surgery could predict weight loss after twelve months. After surgery, there was an interaction effect between age, gender and specific eating disorder symptoms. Specifically, loss of control over eating was a risk factor for low weight loss among older, but not among younger, female participants. Symptoms of adult ADHD were associated with elevated alcohol consumption after surgery.DISCUSSION:These results indicate that age and gender may moderate the effects of potential risk factors for inferior weight outcome. This interaction could potentially be one of the reasons behind the mixed findings in this field. Thus, there are important gender differences in the bariatric population that should be considered. The present study is the first to show that symptoms of adult ADHD may not be a risk factor for inferior weight loss but for alcohol risk consumption after gastric bypass.
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| 2. |
- Forsén Mantilla, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Self-image and eating disorder symptoms in normal and clinical adolescents
- 2014
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Ingår i: Eating Behaviors. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 1471-0153 .- 1873-7358. ; 15:1, s. 125-131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eating disorders (ED) are psychiatric disorders of multifactorial origin, predominantly appearing in adolescence. Negative self-image is identified as risk factor, but the association between self-image and ED in adolescents or sex differences regarding such associations remains unclear. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between specific self-image aspects and ED symptoms in normal and clinical adolescents, including sex differences. Participants included 855 ED patients (girls = 813, boys = 42) and 482 normal adolescents (girls = 238, boys = 244), 13-15 years. Stepwise regression demonstrated strong associations between self-image and ED in normal adolescents (girls: R-2 = .31, boys: R-2 = .08), and stronger associations in patients (girls: R-2 = .64, boys: R-2 = .69). Qualitative sex differences were observed in patients. Connections between specific self-image aspects and ED have implications for clinical management of ED. The strong link between self-image variables and ED symptoms in normal girls, but not boys, is discussed in terms of the continuity-discontinuity hypothesis. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Nowicka, Paulina, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of parental overt and covert control of child's food intake: A population-based validation study with mothers of preschoolers
- 2014
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Ingår i: Eating Behaviors. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-0153 .- 1873-7358. ; 15, s. 673-678
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Overt and covert control are novel constructs representing two different parental feeding practices with regard to the child's ability to detect them. Preliminary research indicates that covert control is linked to a healthier diet and lower child weight status. In this study,we report the first psychometric validation of the original measures of overt and covert control outside the UK in a large sample of parents of preschoolers.Methods: Based on records from the population register, all mothers of 4-year-olds (n = 3007) from the third largest city in Sweden,Malmö, were contacted by mail. Out of those, 876 returned the measures of overt and covert control together with a background questionnaire and the Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ). Test–retest data were obtained from 64% (n = 563) of these mothers. The mean age of the mothers was 35.6 years; their mean BMI was 24.1, 31.5% were overweight or obese. The children were on average 4.5 years old; 48% were girls, 12.8% were overweight or obese.Results: While the fit for the original 9-item 2-factor model was poor, shorter 8- and 6-item versions were supported by confirmatory factor analysis (CFI N 0.95, RMSEA b 0.05). Internal and test–retest reliability of the shorter version was good (ICC= 0.65–0.71). Results also suggest that the factor structure and loadings were invariant (i.e., did not significantly differ) over time and between child sexes. Both overt and covert control factors were moderately correlated with CFQ monitoring. Overt control was also moderately related to CFQ pressure and weakly correlated with CFQ restriction. Covert control, on the other hand, was moderately related to restriction and not related with pressure. Correlations of both factors with child and parent BMI were very small.Conclusion: We found good psychometric properties of the revised versions of the overt and control behaviors in a multiethnic sample of mothers from Sweden. Future studies need to establish causal associations between overt and covert control and the obesity related outcomes.
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| 5. |
- Palmeira, Lara, et al.
(författare)
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Can the impact of body dissatisfaction on disordered eating be weakened by one's decentering abilities?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Eating Behaviors. - : Elsevier. - 1471-0153 .- 1873-7358. ; 15:3, s. 392-396
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Decentering has been defined as the ability to deal with thoughts and emotions as subjective and ephemeral inner events. Since it implies a non-judging and present focused attitude towards thoughts and emotions, decentering has been considered as an important protective process against psychopathology, as it has been empirically shown to decrease depressive relapse rates. Nevertheless, its role in eating disordered attitudes and behaviours has not been fully uncovered.Therefore, the aim of the present study is to explore the moderator effect of decentering on the relationship between eating psychopathology and one of its main risk factors, body image dissatisfaction.The sample comprised 279 female students, aged between 14 and 21 years-old. Results revealed that decentering abilities were negatively linked to body image dissatisfaction and to the global score of eating psychopathology. Through a path analysis, the buffer effect of decentering was confirmed.The findings suggest that the ability to take a non-judgmental and accepting stance towards internal experiences diminishes the impact of one's body dissatisfaction on disordered eating attitudes and behaviours. This study seems especially pertinent since it uncovers a mechanism to lessen the pervasive impact of body image dissatisfaction, which is highly prevalent in women from Western societies.
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| 6. |
- Sairanen, Essi, et al.
(författare)
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Flexibility in weight management.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Eating Behaviors. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 1471-0153 .- 1873-7358. ; 15:2, s. 218-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationships between changes in flexible vs. rigid restraints of eating during weight management, as well as how changes in the cognitive restraint of eating were related to psychological well-being and flexibility. The data includes information on 49 overweight persons who participated in a weight loss and maintenance (WLM) intervention and a follow-up assessment after 8-9 months. An increase in flexible cognitive restraint during the weight loss intervention was related to better weight loss maintenance and well-being. The more flexible restraint increased during the WLM intervention, the more psychological distress decreased. Moreover, larger reduction of rigid restraint during the follow-up period (between the WLM intervention and the follow-up assessment) was related to a better maintenance of improved psychological well-being at the follow-up endpoint. These results suggest that increasing flexible control while reducing rigid control of eating after an active weight loss phase improves success in weight management and the psychological well-being of weight losers.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Trindade, Inês A., 1990-, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of body image-related cognitive fusion on eating psychopathology
- 2014
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Ingår i: Eating Behaviors. - : Elsevier. - 1471-0153 .- 1873-7358. ; 15:1, s. 72-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent research has shown that cognitive fusion underlies psychological inflexibility and in consequence various forms of psychopathology. However, the role of cognitive fusion specifically related to body image on eating psychopathology remained to be examined.The current study explores the impact of cognitive fusion concerning body image in the relation between acknowledged related risk factors and eating psychopathology in a sample of 342 female students.The impact of body dissatisfaction and social comparison through physical appearance on eating psychopathology was partially mediated by body image-related cognitive fusion. The results highlight the importance of cognitive defusion in the treatment of eating disorders.
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| 9. |
- Viborg, Njördur, et al.
(författare)
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Reciprocal prospective associations between disordered eating and other psychological problems in a community sample of Swedish adolescent girls
- 2014
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Ingår i: Eating Behaviors. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-7358 .- 1471-0153. ; 15:1, s. 159-163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disordered eating and its associations with psychological difficulties and body satisfaction were prospectively studied in a community sample of 13-15 year old adolescent girls (N = 428). General psychological difficulties (including hyperactivity-inattention) and lower levels of body satisfaction at T1 were found to predict disordered eating at follow-up one year later (T2). Furthermore, reciprocal associations were found between disordered eating and psychological difficulties (but not body dissatisfaction) so that disordered eating at T1 predicted general psychological difficulties (including hyperactivity-inattention) at T2. The results support the notion of a vicious interplay between disordered eating and other subclinical psychological problems, which may represent a potential mechanism for the development of clinically significant eating disorders. It is suggested that it could be important to identify these kinds of bidirectional processes at an early stage, in order to prevent further developments of clinical forms of psychopathology.
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