| 1. |
- Hantikainen, Essi, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity and risk of stroke : The Swedish Women's Lifestyle and Health Cohort
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.). - : Elsevier BV. - 0899-9007 .- 1873-1244. ; 73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Consumption of antioxidant-rich foods has been associated with a reduced risk for stroke. However, antioxidant supplementation is not recommended owing to controversial findings reported in clinical trials. The aim of this study was to better understand the effect of dietary antioxidants by investigating the effect of dietary non-enzymatic antioxidant capacity (NEAC), reflecting the antioxidant potential of the whole diet, on the risk for stroke. Methods: In the Women's Lifestyle and Health Cohort, 45 882 women 30 to 49 y of age and free from cardiovascular diseases were followed through record linkages from 1991 to 2012. Dietary NEAC was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire collected at baseline and categorized into quintiles. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models were fitted to estimate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for overall stroke and ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke separately. Results: During a mean follow-up time of 20.2 y, we detected 871 incidence cases of stroke (516 ischemic, 296 hemorrhagic, and 59 unspecified strokes). After adjusting for potential confounders, we did not find any association between dietary NEAC and stroke, either overall, or ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke (P-trend > 0.05). Conclusion: Higher dietary NEAC was not associated with any type of stroke in young and middle-aged Swedish women.
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| 2. |
- Lindqvist, Catarina, et al.
(författare)
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Energy expenditure early after liver transplantation: better measured than predicted.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0899-9007 .- 1873-1244. ; 79-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is no consensus on how to estimate energy requirements after liver transplantation (LT). The aim of this study was to compare measured resting energy expenditure (REE) with predictive equations and fixed factors, and evaluate whether clinical variables were associated with REE.During the period of 2011 through 2018, REE measured with indirect calorimetry and predicted by the Harris and Benedict (HB) equation was compared in patients during the first 30 postoperative days after LT. The fixed factors 25 kcal/kg, 30 kcal/kg, or 35 kcal/kg were used to calculate energy requirements. The accuracy of HB and fixed factors were evaluated with a Bland-Altman analysis and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient. The associations of pre- and postoperative clinical variables with REE were evaluated in a multivariate regression analysis.A total of 143 patients were evaluated and had indirect calorimetry performed on postoperative day 6 (interquartile range: 3) in median. The mean measured REE was 1950 ± 461 kcal (range, 720-3309 kcal) or 24.5 ± 6.1 kcal/kg body weight. Large limits of agreements were observed in the Bland-Altman analyses for both HB and fixed factors. HB was closer than fixed factors with a positive concordance (concordance correlation: 0.350; 95% confidence interval, 0.248-0.445) and Pearsons r2 = 0.261. Measured REE was significantly associated (P < 0.05) with age, sex, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score before LT, surgery time, and graft cold ischemia time according to the multiple regression analysis.The low accuracy of HB and fixed factors suggests risks of both under- and overfeeding of individual patients if energy requirement is only based on calculation. REE measurement is recommended after LT to secure accurate and safe nutritional therapy.
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| 3. |
- Reina, Guido, et al.
(författare)
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The moving target of visualization software for an increasingly complex world
- 2020
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Ingår i: Computers & graphics. - : PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD. - 0097-8493 .- 1873-7684. ; 87, s. 12-29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Visualization has evolved into a mature scientific field and it has also become widely accepted as a standard approach in diverse fields, including physics, life sciences, and business intelligence. However, despite its successful development, there are still many open research questions that require customized implementations in order to explore and establish concepts, and to perform experiments and take measurements. Many methods and tools have been developed and published but most are stand-alone prototypes and have not reached a mature state that can be used in a reliable manner by collaborating domain scientists or a wider audience. In this study, we discuss the challenges, solutions, and open research questions that affect the development of sophisticated, relevant, and novel scientific visualization solutions with minimum overheads. We summarize and discuss the results of a recent National Institute of Informatics Shonan seminar on these topics. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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