| 1. |
- Berndtsson, Ina, 1953-
(författare)
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Work-integrated learning as a pedagogical tool to integrate theory andpractice in nursing education : An integrative literature revie
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nurse Education in Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-5953 .- 1873-5223. ; 42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It can be challenging for nursing students to navigate between theory and practice and to implement theoretical knowledge in real work situations and vice-versa.Work-integrated learning can support the students by enabling them to combine theoretical studies with practical work experience during their clinical placement.The aim of this integrative literature review was to identify models for the integration of theory and practice during clinical placements in nursing education by usingwork-integrated learning. Sixteen articles were found and analyzed using an integrative review method. Three themes were identified: 1) Supervisor support toenable students to develop a professional identity 2) Variety of modalities for teaching and 3) Collaboration between academic lecturers and clinical supervisorsaimed at integrating theoretical and practical knowledge. Work-integrated learning enables students to integrate theory and practice, develop skills for knowledge-inpractice and prepares them for working life. It also supports the sharing of experiences between various healthcare professionals. This review identified a need forfurther research on work-integrated learning as a method for enhancing nursing students’ workplace learning.
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| 2. |
- Braunerhjelm, Pontus, 1953-, et al.
(författare)
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Labour market mobility, knowledge diffusion and innovation
- 2020
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Ingår i: European Economic Review. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0014-2921 .- 1873-572X. ; 123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Utilising a unique Swedish matched employer–employee dataset, which has been pooled with firm-level patent application data, we provide new evidence that knowledge workers’ mobility has a positive and strongly significant impact on firm innovation output, as measured by firm patent applications. The effect is statistically and economically highly significant for knowledge workers who have previously worked in a patenting firm (the learning-by-hiring effect), whereas only limited impact could be detected for firms losing knowledge workers (the learning-by-diaspora effect). No effects were detected for inexperienced university graduates. Finally, the effect is more pronounced when the joining worker originates from within the same region. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
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| 3. |
- Kolsrud, Oscar, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of atrial natriuretic peptide on renal function during cardiopulmonary bypass: a randomized pig model.
- 2020
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Ingår i: European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1873-734X. ; 57:4, s. 652-659
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acute kidney injury is a well-known complication after cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). In this experimental animal study, we evaluated the effects of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on renal function, perfusion, oxygenation and tubular injury during CPB.Twenty pigs were blindly randomized to continuous infusion of either ANP (50 ng/kg/min) or placebo before, during and after CPB. Renal blood flow as well as cortical and medullary perfusion was measured. Blood was repeatedly sampled from the renal vein. Glomerular filtration rate was measured by infusion clearance of 51Cr-EDTA.Glomerular filtration rate was higher (P < 0.001), whereas renal blood flow or renal oxygen delivery was not affected by ANP during CPB. Renal oxygen consumption did not differ between groups during CPB, whereas renal oxygen extraction was higher in the ANP group (P = 0.03). Urine flow and sodium excretion were higher in the ANP group during CPB. Blood flow in the renal medulla, but not in the cortex, dropped during CPB, an effect that was not seen in the animals that received ANP.ANP improved renal function during CPB. Despite impaired renal oxygenation, ANP did not cause tubular injury, suggesting a renoprotective effect of ANP during CPB. Also, CPB induced a selectively reduced blood flow in the renal medulla, an effect that was counteracted by ANP.
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| 4. |
- Kroik, Lena, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Using narrative analysis to explore traditional Sámi knowledge through storytelling about End-of-Life
- 2020
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Ingår i: Health and Place. - : Elsevier. - 1353-8292 .- 1873-2054. ; 65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this narrative study, we investigate salient Sámi-specific aspects of a death system, inspired by Kastenbaum's model. We explore traditional Sámi knowledge derived through storytelling in go-along group discussions to gravesites at the tree-line with cultural and historical significance for the Indigenous Sámi peoples. Analysis illustrates how important material and immaterial cultural values are transferred across generations through their connection to people, place, and time—nature-bound as opposed to calendar-bound— objects, and symbols in relation to end-of-life issues. We found that the environment both shaped storytelling and became part of the stories themselves.
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| 5. |
- Lombardo, Gabriele, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Incineration of EV Lithium-ion batteries as a pretreatment for recycling – Determination of the potential formation of hazardous by-products and effects on metal compounds
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Hazardous Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-3336 .- 0304-3894. ; 393
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In several industrial Lithium-ion batteries recycling processes, a thermal treatment with oxidative atmosphere is used to separate the battery components and to remove the organic components. This method is often combined with hydrometallurgical processes with the aim to increase the metal recovery rate or to improve the efficiency of the existing processes. Despite such efforts, the effects of a thermal treatment in an oxidative atmosphere on the microstructure and composition on cathode and anode materials has not been explored. In this manuscript, spent batteries which cathode active material has the composition Li(NixMnyCoz)Oz, i.e. NMC-LiBs, were subjected to thermal treatment at 400˚, 500˚, 600˚, and 700 °C for 30, 60, and 90 min. The microstructure and the composition were studied using XRD and ICP-OES. Thermodynamic calculations were performed to forecast the trend of the carbothermic reduction of active materials. It was observed the formation of gas and organic oil by-products from the decomposition of the polypropylene separator and the polyvinylidene fluoride binder. The identification of the composition of these by-products has great importance since they have a corrosive and toxic behavior. It was observed the fluorine behavior during the thermal treatment and its presence in the oil by-products.
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| 6. |
- Marquer, Laurent, et al.
(författare)
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Pollen-based reconstruction of Holocene land-cover in mountain regions : Evaluation of the Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm in the Vicdessos valley, northern Pyrenees, France
- 2020
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Ingår i: Quaternary Science Reviews. - : Elsevier. - 0277-3791 .- 1873-457X. ; 228, s. 1-15
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Long-term perspectives on climate- and human-induced shifts in plant communities and tree line in mountains are often inferred from fossil pollen records. However, various factors, such as complex patterns of orographic wind fields and abundant insect-pollinated plants in higher altitudes, make pollen-based reconstruction in mountain regions difficult. Over the last decade the Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm (LRA) - a model-based approach in reconstruction of vegetation - has been successfully applied in various parts of the globe. However, evaluation of its effectiveness in mountain ranges is still limited. The present study assesses the extent to which the LRA approach helps quantify the local changes in vegetation cover at Vicdessos valley in northern French Pyrenees as a case study. In the study area well-dated sediment cores are available from eight bogs and ponds, 6-113 m in radius, located above the current tree line. We first use a simple simulation experiment to evaluate the way how pollen records from "landscape islands" (mountain tops and plateaus) would represent local vegetation and to clarify important factors affecting the LRA-based reconstruction in a mountainous region. This study then uses pollen records from these sites and vegetation and land-cover data both within a 50-km radius around the Vicdessos valley and within a 2-km radius from each site for evaluation of the REVEALS- and LOVE-based reconstruction of the regional and local plant cover, respectively, in the LRA approach. The land-cover data are complied for coniferous trees, broadleaved trees and non-forested areas from the CORINE and historical maps in three time windows: 1960-1970, 1990-2000 and 2000-2013. Major findings are as follows. (1) Accuracy of the regional vegetation estimates affects the reliability of the LRA-based reconstruction of vegetation within a 2-km radius; use of the CORINE data as input to the LOVE model improves reliability of the results over the use of the REVEALS-based estimates of regional vegetation. This implies that a systematic selection of pollen data only from sites above the tree line is problematic for estimating regional vegetation, and thus the entire LRA process. (2) Selection of the dispersal models for pollen transport (i.e. the Langrangian Stochastic Model vs. Gaussian Plume Model) does not affect significantly the LRA-based estimates at both the regional and local scales in the study area. (3) The LRA approach improves the pollen-based reconstruction of local vegetation compared to pollen percentage alone in northern Pyrenees. Although further empirical and simulation studies are necessary, our results emphasize the importance of site selection for the LRA-based reconstruction of vegetation in mountain regions. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Ng, Nawi, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Income inequality and old-age mortality in Sweden: do regional development and lagged effect matter?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Health and Place. - : Elsevier BV. - 1353-8292 .- 1873-2054. ; 64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We designed a retrospective cohort study for exploring the impact of municipality-level income inequality, based on the Gini 1986, 2004 indices, on all-cause old-age mortality among the older Swedish population during 2005–2009. We controlled for the confounding effects of individual and regional correlates and the lag effects of inequality by using multilevel logistic regression. The effects of income inequality were not consistent across age cohorts and, among the youngest cohorts, were negligible. This study reiterates that individual-level economics rather than the immediate or lagged effects of income inequality matter more for old-age mortality, even after controlling for individual and regional factors. © 2020 The Authors
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| 9. |
- Sadia, Mohammad, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Trace level analyses of selected perfluoroalkyl acids in food : Method development and data generation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Environmental Pollution. - : Elsevier. - 0269-7491 .- 1873-6424. ; 263:A
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To comprise the future requirements to detect low levels of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) including branched and linear perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) in food items, analytical methods for their determination in five different food matrices (cow milk, butter, chicken meat, beef, and fish) were developed and validated. Analytical method for eggs was only validated for PFOS and PFOA because of interfering substance appeared in some samples. The method applied on foods of animal origin includes alkaline digestion, extraction, and clean-up with solid phase extraction and adsorption on granular carbon where necessary. The method was shown effective to eliminate taurodeoxycholic acid (TDC), a bile acid that is an endogenous interference compound in egg samples causing ionization suppression and false positive result for PFOS when 499 > 80 transition was used for quantification. The validation was performed and resulted in recoveries >70% for all three PFAAs, the limits of quantification (LOQs) in all matrices were 3.1 pg g−1, 3.4 pg g−1, and 4.9 pg g−1 for PFHxS, PFOA, and L-PFOS, respectively. The optimized method was successfully applied to 53 food samples from the Swedish market and from developing countries. PFOS and PFOA were detected in all samples. PFHxS was detected in 76% of the samples. Further method development on separating interfering substance from PFHxS in egg is warranted due to relatively high detection of this compound in other food items. With this method, concentrations in the low pg g−1 range in food samples of animal origin were quantified including the branched PFOS isomers. This method can be applied to enforce potential future limit values for PFOS and PFOA as a consequence of the recent European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) recommendation where the tolerable intakes have been drastically lowered. Further method development is needed for foods of plant origin such as vegetables, flour, nuts, or bread.
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| 10. |
- Sahu, Siddharth Sourabh, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of molecular size and zeta potential in electrokinetic biosensing
- 2020
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Ingår i: Biosensors & bioelectronics. - : Elsevier. - 0956-5663 .- 1873-4235. ; 152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrokinetic principles such as streaming current and streaming potential are extensively used for surface characterization. Recently, they have also been used in biosensors, resulting in enhanced sensitivity and simpler device architecture. Theoretical models regarding streaming current/potential studies of particle-covered surfaces have identified features such as the particle size, shape and surface charge to influence the electrokinetic signals and consequently, the sensitivity and effective operational regime of the biosensor. By using a set of well-characterized proteins with varying size and net surface charge, this article experimentally verifies the theoretical predictions about their influence on the sensor signal. Increasing protein size was shown to enhance the signal when their net surface charge was either opposite to that of the sensor surface, or close to zero, in agreement with the theoretical predictions. However, the effect gradually saturated as the protein size exceeded the coulomb screening length of the electrolyte. In contrast, the proteins containing the same type of charge as the surface showed little or no difference, except that the signal inverted. The magnitude of the surface charge was also shown to influence the signal. The sensitivity of the technique for protein detection varied over two orders of magnitude, depending upon the size and surface charge. Furthermore, the capacity of the electrokinetic method for direct electrical detection of various proteins, including those carrying little or no net electric charges, is demonstrated.
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