| 1. |
- Abrahamsson, Kenneth, et al.
(författare)
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Katekes för ett lärande arbetsliv
- 2007
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt)abstract
- Det här är en bok om en tankeväckande seminarieserie och mötesresa genom arbetsplatslärandets Sverige. Arrangör var forskarnätverket Larena i samarbete med NTG-Lär och Arbetsmiljöforum.Seminarieserien Arbetsplatsen som lärsystem – en utmaning för Sverige började som en idé i en hängmatta. Den blev sedan en nästan tvåårig seminarieserie – en lärstafett – där lärande i arbetslivet belystes utifrån olika teman. Syftet var att samla arbetslivsaktörer och andra intresserade för att genom samtal och reflektioner sätta lärande och kompetensutveckling i fokus för politiker och arbetsmarknadens parter och väcka nytt liv i diskussionen om kompetensutveckling i arbetslivet. Vilka krav ska man till exempel ställa på arbetsorganisation för att främja arbetsplatslärandet? Hur ska sambandet se ut mellan lön och lärande? Kan man certifiera arbetsplatser som främjar lärande? Frågorna var många. I bokens första del berättar arbetslivsjournalisten Gunhild Wallin om hur mötesresan avlöpte. I andra delen utvecklar Kenneth Abrahamsson idéer om hur lärandet i arbetslivet kan främjas i dialog och samverkan mellan arbetsmarknadens parter, staten och den enskilde. (Abstract från förlagets hemsida)
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Ahlqvist, M, et al.
(författare)
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Handling of peripheral intravenous cannulae : effects of evidence-based clinical guidelines.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - 0962-1067. ; 15:11, s. 1354-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: This study aimed at evaluating the outcome of implemented evidence-based clinical guidelines by means of surveying the frequency of thrombophlebitis, nurses' care, handling and documentation of peripheral intravenous cannulae. BACKGROUND: Peripheral intravenous cannulae are frequently used for vascular access and, thereby, the patients will be exposed to local and systemic infectious complications. Evidence-based knowledge of how to prevent these complications and how to care for patients with peripheral intravenous cannula is therefore of great importance. Deficient care, handling and documentation of peripheral intravenous cannulae have previously been reported. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey was conducted by a group of nurses at three wards at a university hospital before and after the implementation of the evidence-based guidelines. METHOD: A structured observation protocol was used to review the frequency of thrombophlebitis, the nurses' care, handling and the documentation of peripheral intravenous cannulae in the patient's record. RESULTS: A total of 107 and 99 cannulae respectively were observed before and after the implementation of the guidelines. The frequency of peripheral intravenous cannulae without signs of thrombophlebitis increased by 21% (P < 0.01) and the use of cannula size 0.8 mm increased by 22% (P < 0.001). Nurses' documentation of peripheral intravenous cannula improved significantly (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: We conclude that implementation of the guidelines resulted in significant improvements by means of decreased frequency of signs of thrombophlebitis, increased application of smaller cannula size (0.8 mm), as well as of the nurses' documentation in the patient's record. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Further efforts to ameliorate care and handling of peripheral intravenous cannulae are needed. This can be done by means of increasing nurses' knowledge and recurrent quality reviews. Well-informed patients can also be more involved in the care than is common today.
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| 4. |
- Aléx, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Balancing within various discourses--the art of being old and living as a Sami woman.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Health Care for Women International. - 0739-9332. ; 27:10, s. 873-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this part of the Umeå 85+ Study was to explore how indigenous women narrate their lives and their experience of being old as Sami women. Interviews with 9 old Sami women were analyzed using grounded theory. The categories identified were "reindeer as the basis of life," "longing for significant Sami values," "feeling valued as a Sami woman," and "changing for survival;" these evolved into the core category: "balancing within various discourses-the art of being old and living as a Sami woman." Knowing how to balance provided the ability to make use of available opportunities.
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| 5. |
- Aléx, Lena, 1948-, et al.
(författare)
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Construction of masculinities among men aged 85 and older in the north of Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - 0962-1067. ; 17:4, s. 451-459
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: The aim was to analyse the construction of masculinities among men aged 85 and older. BACKGROUND: All societies have a gender order, constructed from multiple ideas of what is seen as feminine and masculine. As the group of men aged 85 and older is increasing in size and their demand for care will increase, we must recognize the importance of studying these men and various discourses of masculinities. DESIGN: Qualitative explorative. METHODS: Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse thematic narratives. Masculinity theories provided the point of departure for the analysis. RESULTS: The analysis coalesced into three masculinities. 'Being in the male centre', developed from subthemes as: taking pride in one's work and economic situation; being in the centre in relation to others; regarding women as sexual objects; and belonging to a select group. 'Striving to maintain the male facade' developed from subthemes as: emphasizing 'important' connections; having feelings of loss; striving to maintain old norms and rejecting the fact of being old. 'Being related' was formulated from subthemes as: feeling at home with domestic duties; being concerned; accepting one's own aging; and reflecting on life. CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates the importance of being aware of the existence of multiple masculinities, in contrast to the generally unproblematic and unsubtle particular healthcare approaches which consider men as simply belonging to one masculinity. Relevance to clinical practice. Diverse masculinities probably affect encounters between men and healthcare providers and others who work with an older population and therefore our results are of importance in a caring context.
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| 6. |
- Aléx, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Constructions of various femininities among the oldest old women
- 2006
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Ingår i: Health Care for Women International. - Washington, D.C. : Hemisphere. - 0739-9332. ; 27:10, s. 853-872
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study forms part of the Ume<img src="http://www.informaworld.com/cache/entities/14/000000/ffffff/arial/md/00e5.png" /> 85+ Study, and the aim was to explore various gendered constructions of femininities among the oldest old women. Femininities are seen as various ways of shaping oneself as a woman in relation to the impact of historical, social, and cultural circumstances. Thematic narratives were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Through interpreting these narratives in the light of gender theories, we were able to discern four femininities: “being connected,” “being an actor,” “living in the shadow of others,” and “being alienated.” The oldest old women displayed complex outlooks on femininities, and no femininity was interpreted as being in the center related to the other femininities. Further research is needed in order to disclose the complexity of femininities related to factors such as social class, ethnicity, and financial situation among the oldest old, and to acquire a greater knowledge of various femininities.
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| 7. |
- Andershed, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a theoretical framework describing relatives' involvement in palliative care
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - 0309-2402. ; 34:4, s. 554-562
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:The present study is based on four earlier studies in which the authors classified the relative's involvement in palliative care into different categories and described the involvement as "involvement in the light" or "involvement in the dark".AIM:The aim of the study was to develop a theoretical framework concerning the involvement of relatives based on an in-depth analysis of the results of the four earlier studies.METHOD:Walker & Avant's (1995) strategies for theory construction were used for development of the framework. A number of different concepts, assumptions and statements about relatives' involvement were penetrated in an in-depth analysis.RESULTS:From the concepts two theoretical "blocks" of the relatives' involvement were developed and these constitute the foundation for the framework. One is based on concrete descriptions of the concepts "to know", "to be" and "to do". The other describes how the concepts of "involvement in the light" and "involvement in the dark" differ. Factors that promoted involvement in the light were professional care based on humanistic values, a stronger sense of coherence on the part of relatives, an appropriate illness trajectory, and other available resources. The opposite was the case for those who were involved in the dark. Five assumptions successively developed which together form the theoretical framework.CONCLUSIONS:An important conclusion that can be of importance in palliative care is that the manner in which the staff act toward the patient and relatives influence relatives' possibilities for involvement, patients' possibilities for an appropriate death, and the possibilities the staff have to give good care.
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| 8. |
- Andershed, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Next of kin's feelings of guilt and shame in end-of-life care
- 2007
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Ingår i: Contemporary Nurse : health care across the lifespan. - 1037-6178. ; 27:1, s. 61-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study the aim was to explore and describe next of kin’s feelings of guiltand shame in end-of-life care via secondary analysis of 47 qualitative interviews.In the analysis categories and subcategories emerged which conveyed howthe next of kin experienced guilt; not having done or talked enough, beingabsent at important events or making errors of judgement. Categories conveyingfeelings of shame were situations where the next of kin felt inferior, wasashamed on behalf of the dying person and when family conflicts becameapparent. Receiving help and support in order to make the remaining period aspleasant as possible can facilitate the next of kin’s sense of having fulfilled theirduties and responsibilities and therein reduce feelings of guilt and shame. It isapparent that these feelings should be taken into account and the next of kinshould receive support to increase their well-being during the remaining timein end-of-life care and the grieving period.
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| 9. |
- Andershed, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Närståendes behov i palliativ vård
- 2004
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Ingår i: Närståendes behov : omvårdnad som akademiskt ämne III. - Stockholm : Svensk sjuksköterskeförening. - 91-85060-09-7 ; s. 103-115
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 10. |
- Andershed, Birgitta
(författare)
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Relatives in end-of-life care--part 1 : a systematic review of the literature the five last years, January 1999-February 2004
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - 0962-1067. ; 15:9, s. 1158-1169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM:To review systematically research conducted during the past five years focusing on the relatives' situation and needs in end-of-life care.BACKGROUND AND AIM:That relatives make a large contribution in the care of the dying is well-known. In this situation, relatives often have to solve many new practical problems in the care as well as dealing with the sorrow of both themselves and the dying person. In recent years, palliative care has been developed in many countries and many new studies have been carried out.METHODS:A systematic search of the literature was performed in the CINAHL and Medline databases. Of the 94 papers analysed, there were 59 qualitative and 35 quantitative studies with differing designs. The studies were carried out in 11 countries and were published in 34 different journals.RESULTS:The results were categorized in two main themes with several subthemes: (1) being a close relative--the situation: (i) exposed position--new responsibility, (ii) balance between burden and capacity and (iii) positive values; (2) being a close relative--needs: (i) good patient care, (ii) being present, (iii) knowing and communicating and (iv) support from and trusting relationship with the professional. The relative's feelings of security and trust in the professional were found to be of great importance.CONCLUSION:More than twice as many studies had a descriptive/explorative design, which is of importance in the assessment of evidence. However, different studies complement one another and in summary, it can be said that analytic evidence is unequivocal: good patient care, communication, information and the attitude of the professional are of decisive importance regarding relatives' situation. These results are also in accord with earlier review studies.RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE:Staff members have a great deal of responsibility for assuring that the patient feels as good as possible, facilitating relatives' involvement based on the family's wishes and limiting the stress and difficulties experienced by the family. The results showed that the relative's satisfaction could depend on the attitude of the professional as well as on good communication, good listening and good information. This can also be viewed as a prerequisite for the professional to get to know the family and to provide 'care in the light'.
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