| 1. |
- Eriksson, Linn, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Obsession with diet among fitness center participants in relation to body ideal and social physique anxiety
- 2009
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Ingår i: 6th Eass Conference “Sports, Bodies, Identities” Rome, May 27th - 31st 2009.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several studies indicate that women are more likely than men to exercise for appearancerelated reasons, but today, even men have become more concerned about how they look. Exercise and/or diets are sometimes used in an attempt to develop a more attractive physique. Strict diets such as an obsession with healthy food, sometimes termed orthorexia nervosa (ON), are controversial and have been questioned by researchers. This study investigates how scores on the Social Physique Anxiety Scale (SPAS) and the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire (SATAQ) relate to Bratman’s orthorexia test (BOT) scores with regard to age, sex, and self-reported exercise frequency and duration. The fitness participants (n=251, 166 women and 85 men, 21% dropout) were consecutively selected from five fitness centers in Sweden. They completed the BOT, SPAS, SATAQ, and a questionnaire focusing on exercise frequency and duration. Multiple stepwise regression analysis was used and the significance level set at 5%. In men, the results indicated that the SATAQ subdomain internalization could itself explain the variation in BOT results. In women, the results demonstrated that exercise frequency, in combination with the SPAS score and the SATAQ subdomains of internalization and awareness, could explain the variation in BOT results. Internalization of a slimness ideal (for women) and a muscular body (for men) can be a risk factor for obsession with diet. In the same way, higher exercise frequency, a higher level of social physique anxiety and awareness of Western body ideals seem to be predictors of obsession with diet among women. It is possible that the fitness center environment emphasizes a body ideal that leads to an increased obsession with diet. On the other hand, it may be that people who are aware of the body ideal and are obsessed with diet are the ones who engage in fitness center activities.
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| 2. |
- Haraldsson, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Adolescent Girls' Experiences of Underlying Social Processes Triggering Stress in Their Everyday Life : A grounded theory study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Stress and Health. - Chichester : John Wiley & Sons. - 1532-3005 .- 1532-2998. ; 27:2, s. E61-E70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to generate a theoretical model of underlying social processes that trigger stress in adolescent girls’ everyday life. In-depth interviews regarding the experiences of stress at home, school and during leisure time were conducted with 14 17-year-old schoolgirls. Data were analysed by means of the grounded theory method. Stress was triggered in the interaction between responsibility and the way in which the girls were encountered. Triggered emotional reactions took the form of four dimensions of stress included ambivalence, frustration, despair and downheartedness. These reactions were dependent on whether the girls voluntary assumed responsibility for various situations or whether they were forced, or felt they were being forced, to assume responsibility in interaction with an encounter characterized by closeness or distance. These forms of stress reactions could appear in one dimension and subsequently shift to another. From the public health perspective, the generated stress model can be used in the planning and implementation of future actions to prevent stress and promote well-being related to stress in adolescent girls.
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| 3. |
- Haraldsson, Katarina, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a school-based health promotion programme for adolescents aged 12-15 years with focus on well-being related to stress.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Public health. - London : Elsevier BV. - 0033-3506 .- 1476-5616. ; 122:1, s. 25-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate a school-based adolescent health promotion programme with focus on well-being related to stress. STUDY DESIGN: Interventional and evaluative with tests before and after the intervention. The study was performed in two secondary schools in a town on the west coast of Sweden. METHODS: A health promotion programme comprising massage and mental training was implemented for a single academic year in one school (intervention school, 153 participants) in order to strengthen and maintain well-being. No intervention was implemented in the other school (non-intervention school, 287 participants). A questionnaire was developed and tested, resulting in 23 items distributed across the following six areas: self-reliance; leisure time; being an outsider; general and home satisfaction; school satisfaction; and school environment. RESULTS: A pre- and postintervention comparison of the six areas was made within each school. In the intervention school, the boys maintained a very good or good sense of well-being related to stress in all six areas, while the girls' sense of well-being was maintained in five areas and deteriorated in one area. In the non-intervention school, the boys maintained a very good or good sense of well-being related to stress in four areas and deteriorated in two areas, while the girls' sense of well-being was maintained in two areas and deteriorated in four areas. CONCLUSION: Massage and mental training helped to maintain adolescents' very good or good sense of well-being related to stress. A questionnaire with acceptable validity and reliability was developed and tested in order to evaluate the health promotional approach. However, there is a need for further study to develop both the intervention and the questionnaire for young people.
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| 4. |
- Haraldsson, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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What makes the everyday life of Swedish adolescent girls less stressful: a qualitative analysis
- 2010
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Ingår i: HEALTH PROMOTION INTERNATIONAL. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 0957-4824 .- 1460-2245. ; 25:2, s. 192-199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stress is a widespread phenomenon in society today, not least among children and adolescents. Stress-related ill-health has increased in this population and affects girls to a greater extent than boys. Against this background, it is important to acquire knowledge about measures that prevent stress, especially in girls. The aim of this study was therefore to illuminate adolescent girls' experiences and reflections about what makes everyday life less stressful. An explorative design, qualitative content analysis, was used. In-depth interviews were conducted with fifteen 17-year-old girls. The analysis comprised both manifest and latent content and revealed the girls' own experiences of and reflections about what makes everyday life less stressful. Three categories, ‘Enjoyment and Recovery’, ‘Trust’ and ‘Insight and Influence’, and nine subcategories emerged. The latent content of these categories is described by the theme ‘access to sources of strength’. It is essential that persons in the girls' surroundings are aware of all sources that provide the strength to resist and prevent stress in everyday life. A climate has to be created in all arenas of the girls' everyday life in which they can access these sources of strength. Utilizing the girls' experiences and views about what needs to be done is the first step towards a preventive and promotive mode of working on their own circumstances and wishes. This approach is consistent with the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion, which emphasizes the importance of involving the target group.
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| 5. |
- Jonasson, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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Working in a training garden : experiences of patients with neurological damage
- 2007
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Ingår i: Australian Occupational Therapy Journal. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 0045-0766 .- 1440-1630. ; 54:4, s. 266-272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study was to describe patients’ experiences of working in a training garden after neurological damage. Methods: The study employs a qualitative method with a phenomenographic approach. Interviews with 14 patients attending outpatient rehabilitation were conducted. The interview consisted of open-ended questions based on an interview guide covering: the activity, the training, its value and the environment. Results: The study revealed that activities in a training garden were experienced as beneficial, productive, voluntary and complicated. Certain conditions are necessary for performance and for drawing benefit from the activities. Conclusions: The results of this study may be of benefit in clinical work and may also apply to other groups of patients. Further research is needed on training gardens to enhance knowledge of suitable activities for different groups of patients to be used in the design of intervention programs.
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| 6. |
- Lydell, Marie C, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Predictive factors for work capacity in patients with musculoskeletal disorders.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of rehabilitation medicine : official journal of the UEMS European Board of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. - Oslo, Norway : Taylor & Francis. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 37:5, s. 281-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To identify predictive factors for work capacity in patients with musculoskeletal disorders. DESIGN: A descriptive, evaluative, quantitative study. SUBJECTS/PATIENTS: The study was based on 385 patients who participated in a rehabilitation programme. METHODS: Patients were divided into 2 groups depending on their ability to work. The groups were compared with each other with regard to sociodemographic factors, diagnoses, disability pension and number of sick days. The patient's level of exercise habits, ability to undertake activities, physical capacity, pain and quality of life were compared further using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Predictive factors for work capacity, such as ability to undertake activities, quality of life and fitness on exercise, were identified as important independent factors. Other well-known factors, i.e. gender, age, education, pain and earlier sickness certification periods, were also identified. Factors that were not significantly different between the groups were employment status, profession, diagnosis and levels of exercise habits. CONCLUSION: Identifying predictors for ability to return to work is an essential task for deciding on suitable individual rehabilitation. This study identified new predictive factors, such as ability to undertake activities, quality of life and fitness on exercise.
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| 7. |
- Lydell, Marie C, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Predictive factors of sustained return to work for persons with musculoskeletal disorders who participated in rehabilitation.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Work (Reading, Mass.). - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 33:3, s. 317-328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) account for the majority of total morbidity cases in the working-age Swedish population. These disorders are thought to be the reason given for one-third of total certified sick leave requests. In addition to the high cost to society, MSD involve both physical and emotional suffering, pain and financial and social problems for the injured persons. The aim of this study was to identify predictive multidimensional factors for sustainable return to work (RTW) in a long-term follow-up persons with MSD. During the period 1992-1999, 385 persons participated in a rehabilitation program. Ten years later, 354 of these took part in a prospective follow-up study. The average post-rehabilitation time was ten years (range=7-13 years) and 243 persons (69%) completed a questionnaire. The "working full-time" group (n=110) and the "sick-listed" group (n=73) were included in the study. The two groups were compared in terms of predictors for RTW. Multiple stepwise logistic regression and bivariate analysis, as well as parametric and non-parametric tests, were used to identify predictive factors. The number of sick-listed days before rehabilitation, age, self-rated pain, life events, gender, physical capacity, self-rated functional capacity, educational level and light physical labor were predictors of long-term RTW. Return to work an be facilitated by planning at an early stage of the certified sick leave period using instrument that take these predictors into account.
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| 8. |
- Lydell, Marie C, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Return or no return - psychosocial factors related to sick leave in persons with musculoskeletal disorders: a prospective cohort study.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Disability and rehabilitation. - Abingdon : Informa UK Limited. - 1464-5165 .- 0963-8288. ; 33:8, s. 661-666
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. The aim of this study was to compare psychosocial factors between healthy persons and sick-listed persons with musculoskeletal disorders (MSD); both groups with MSD 10 years ago. Methods. This cohort study was prospective and 385 persons participated in a rehabilitation program 10 years ago, and 354 persons took part in the follow-up. Of these, 243 persons completed a questionnaire. Two groups were included in the study: a healthy group (not sick-listed) (n = 112) and a sick-listed group (n = 74). Psychosocial factors related to sick leave were compared between the groups. Results. In the 10-year follow-up, the healthy group showed a significantly higher quality of life, more control over the working situation, better sense of coherence and unexpectedly more life events. There was no significant difference in social integration and emotional support between the groups. Conclusions. Using the knowledge about the characteristics of the healthy group, adequate rehabilitation for every sick-listed person with a musculoskeletal disorder can be given and therefore facilitate the returning to work process. A multidimensional approach taking into account a person's physical condition and workplace related problems, as well as psychosocial factors, is of great importance for the person and for society.
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| 9. |
- Morténius, Helena, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Implementation of innovative attitudes and behaviour in primary health care by means of strategic communication : a 7-year follow-up
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Evaluation In Clinical Practice. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 1356-1294 .- 1365-2753. ; 18:3, s. 659-665
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale, aims and objectives: To bridge the gap between theory and practice, methods are needed that promote a positive attitude to change among health care professionals and facilitate the incorporation of new research findings. In this context, communication plays a significant role. The aim of this study was to analyse primary care staff members' readiness to adopt new ways of thinking and willingness to change their work practices by means of strategic communication.Method: An evaluative design was used to study a primary care staff cohort for 7 years. The study population comprised all primary care staff in a region of Sweden (n = 1206). The strategic communication encompassed managerial impact, planning and implementation of reflexive communication processes, in addition to activities in three established communication channels (oral, written and digital). A questionnaire was used, and bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed.Results: A total of 846 individuals participated in the evaluation (70%). Strategic communication had a significant effect on staff members' new way of thinking (61%) and willingness to change daily work practices (33%). The communication channels had a significant synergy effect on the adoption of new ideas and willingness to change attitudes. Oral and digital communication had a significant impact on staff members' readiness to change.Conclusions: Strategic communication plays an important role in the process of creating innovative attitudes and behaviour among primary care professionals. The willingness to change attitudes enhances primary care staff's readiness to change everyday practices, thus facilitating the implementation of evidence-based care.
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| 10. |
- Morténius, Helena, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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The utilization of knowledge of and interest in research and development among primary care staff by means of strategic communication - a staff cohort study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice. - : Wiley. - 1356-1294 .- 1365-2753. ; 18:4, s. 768-775
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The obvious gap between evidence and practice in health care is unfavourable for patient care and requires the promotion of a scientific attitude among health care professionals. The aim of the present study was to determine the utilization of knowledge of and interest in research and development among primary care staff by means of a strategic communication process. Method A cohort consisting of primary care staff (n = 1276) was designed and strategic communication was utilized as a platform over a 7-year period. Quantitative and qualitative methods were taken in account. Results We found that 97% of the staff had gained knowledge of research and development, 60% of whom remained interested in the subject. The oral communication channel was the most powerful for creating research interest. Organizational culture was a barrier to interest in science. Conclusion The study demonstrates a significant increase in knowledge and interest among primary care staff as a result of a strategic communication process. Practice implications Strategic communication should lead to a more evenly distributed research commitment among all health care professionals, thus facilitating communication between them and patients in order to clarify, for example, the causes of disease.
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