| 1. |
- Andersson, Janicke, et al.
(författare)
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Att leva med tiden : Samhälls- och kulturanalytiska perspektiv på ålder och åldrande
- 2011
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Att leva med tiden handlar om vad ålder och åldrande kan betyda i olika sammanhang och hur betydelsen förändras över tid och rum. I boken diskuteras olika samhälls- och kulturvetenskapliga perspektiv på ålder och åldrande. Boken belyser vilka konsekvenser vetenskapliga sätt att se på åldrande kan få i analys av, och relation till, vardagsliv, vetenskaplig verksamhet och i det offentliga livet. Förutom historiska tillbakablickar presenteras också teorier om ålder, normalitet och identitet samt ålder ur ett intersektionellt perspektiv.
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| 2. |
- Christiansen, Evald H, et al.
(författare)
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Instantaneous Wave-free Ratio versus Fractional Flow Reserve to Guide PCI.
- 2017
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Ingår i: The New England journal of medicine. - : Massachussetts Medical Society. - 1533-4406 .- 0028-4793. ; 376:19, s. 1813-1823
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) is an index used to assess the severity of coronary-artery stenosis. The index has been tested against fractional flow reserve (FFR) in small trials, and the two measures have been found to have similar diagnostic accuracy. However, studies of clinical outcomes associated with the use of iFR are lacking. We aimed to evaluate whether iFR is noninferior to FFR with respect to the rate of subsequent major adverse cardiac events.We conducted a multicenter, randomized, controlled, open-label clinical trial using the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry for enrollment. A total of 2037 participants with stable angina or an acute coronary syndrome who had an indication for physiologically guided assessment of coronary-artery stenosis were randomly assigned to undergo revascularization guided by either iFR or FFR. The primary end point was the rate of a composite of death from any cause, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or unplanned revascularization within 12 months after the procedure.A primary end-point event occurred in 68 of 1012 patients (6.7%) in the iFR group and in 61 of 1007 (6.1%) in the FFR group (difference in event rates, 0.7 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.5 to 2.8; P=0.007 for noninferiority; hazard ratio, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.58; P=0.53); the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval for the difference in event rates fell within the prespecified noninferiority margin of 3.2 percentage points. The results were similar among major subgroups. The rates of myocardial infarction, target-lesion revascularization, restenosis, and stent thrombosis did not differ significantly between the two groups. A significantly higher proportion of patients in the FFR group than in the iFR group reported chest discomfort during the procedure.Among patients with stable angina or an acute coronary syndrome, an iFR-guided revascularization strategy was noninferior to an FFR-guided revascularization strategy with respect to the rate of major adverse cardiac events at 12 months. (Funded by Philips Volcano; iFR SWEDEHEART ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02166736 .).
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| 3. |
- Djärv, Therese, et al.
(författare)
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Health-related quality of life after surviving an out-of-hospital compared to an in-hospital cardiac arrest : a Swedish population-based registry study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 151, s. 77-84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundHealth-related quality of life (HRQoL) has been reported for out-hospital (OHCA) and in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) separately, but potential differences between the two groups are unknown. The aim of this study is therefore to describe and compare HRQoL in patients surviving OHCA and IHCA.MethodsPatients ≥18 years with Cerebral Performance Category 1–3 included in the Swedish Registry for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation between 2014 and 2017 were included. A telephone interview was performed based on a questionnaire sent 3–6 months post cardiac arrest, including EQ-5D-5L and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Mann–Whitney U test and multiple linear- and ordinal logistic regression analyses were used to describe and compare HRQoL in OHCA and IHCA survivors. Adjustments were made for sex, age and initial rhythm.ResultsIn all, 1369 IHCA and 772 OHCA survivors were included. Most OHCA and IHCA survivors reported no symptoms of with anxiety (88% and 84%) or depression (87% and 85%). IHCA survivors reported significantly more problems in the health domains mobility, self-care, usual activities and pain/discomfort (p < 0.001 for all) and scored lower general health measured by EQ-VAS (median 70 vs. 80 respectively, p < 0.001) compared with the OHCA survivors.ConclusionSurvivors of IHCA reported significantly worse HRQoL compared to survivors of OHCA. Consequently, research data gathered from one of these populations may not be generalizable to the other.
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| 4. |
- Flemme, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term quality of life and uncertainty in patients living with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Heart & lung : the journal of critical care. - St. Louis, MO : Elsevier BV. - 0147-9563 .- 1527-3288. ; 34:6, s. 386-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: This study describes the quality of life (QOL) and uncertainty in patients who have an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and predicts QOL at long-term follow-up. METHODS: Long-term follow-up was defined as 6.9 years +/- 1 year (range 4.11-8.7 years). QOL was measured with the Quality of Life Index, and uncertainty was measured with the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale. RESULTS: The overall QOL and health/functioning were unchanged over time. QOL in the socioeconomic (P = .002) and psychologic/spiritual domains (P = .012) decreased in the first year. From baseline to long-term follow-up, the QOL in the family domain (P = .011) and uncertainty (P = .002) decreased. Uncertainty was a predictor of low QOL. CONCLUSION: QOL was reasonably good 6.9 years post-ICD implantation. Patients felt less uncertain once they had passed the first year of their illness.
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| 5. |
- Guerra, Matheus, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a 10-Week Physical Activity Intervention on Asylum Seekers' Physiological Health
- 2022
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Ingår i: Brain Sciences. - : MDPI. - 2076-3425. ; 12:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The rise in armed conflicts has contributed to an increase in the number of asylum seekers. Prolonged asylum processes may negatively affect asylum seekers' health and lead to inactivity. Studies show that physical activity interventions are associated with improvements in health outcomes. However, there are a limited number of studies investigating the associations of physical activity on asylum seekers' health. Methods: Participants (263 males and 204 females), mostly from Syria, were assessed before and after a 10-week intervention for VO2 max, body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass (SMM), body fat, and visceral fat. Linear mixed models were used to test differences within groups, and a linear regression model analysis was performed to test whether physiological variables predicted adherence. Results: Participants' VO2 max increased: males by 2.96 mL/min/kg and females 2.57 mL/min/kg. Increased SMM percentages were seen in both genders: females by 0.38% and males 0.23%. Visceral fat area decreased: males by 0.73 cm(2) and females 5.44 cm(2). Conclusions: Participants showed significant increases in VO2 max and SMM and decreased visceral fat. This study provides an insight into asylum seekers' health and serves as a starting point to new interventions in which physical activity is used as a tool to promote and improve vulnerable populations' health.
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| 6. |
- Holm, Maja, et al.
(författare)
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Delivering and participating in a psycho-educational intervention for family caregivers during palliative home care: a qualitative study from the perspectives of health professionals and family caregivers
- 2015
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Ingår i: Bmc Palliative Care. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-684X. ; 14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Family caregivers in palliative care have a need for knowledge and support from health professionals, resulting in the need for educational and supportive interventions. However, research has mainly focused on the experiences of family caregivers taking part in interventions. To gain an increased understanding of complex interventions, it is necessary to integrate the perspectives of health professionals and family caregivers. Hence, the aim of this study is to explore the perspectives of health professionals and family caregivers of delivering and participating in a psycho-educational intervention in palliative home care. Methods: A psycho-educational intervention was designed for family caregivers based on a theoretical framework describing family caregiver's need for knowing, being and doing. The intervention was delivered over three sessions, each of which included a presentation by healthcare professionals from an intervention manual. An interpretive descriptive design was chosen and data were collected through focus group discussions with health professionals and individual interviews with family caregivers. Data were analysed using framework analysis. Results: From the perspectives of both health professionals and family caregivers, the delivering and participating in the intervention was a positive experience. Although the content was not always adjusted to the family caregivers' individual situation, it was perceived as valuable. Consistently, the intervention was regarded as something that could make family caregivers better prepared for caregiving. Health professionals found that the work with the intervention demanded time and engagement from them and that the manual needed to be adjusted to suit group characteristics, but the experience of delivering the intervention was still something that gave them satisfaction and contributed to them finding insights into their work. Conclusions: The theoretical framework used in this study seems appropriate to use for the design of interventions to support family caregivers. In the perspectives of health professionals and family caregivers, the psycho-educational intervention had important benefits and there was congruence between the two groups in that it provided reward and support. In order for health professionals to carry out psycho-educational interventions, they may be in need of support and supervision as well as securing appropriate time and resources in their everyday work.
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| 7. |
- Israelsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Health status and psychological distress among in-hospital cardiac arrest survivors in relation to gender
- 2017
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 114, s. 27-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To describe health status and psychological distress among in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) survivors in relation to gender.METHODS: This national register study consists of data from follow-up registration of IHCA survivors 3-6 months post cardiac arrest (CA) in Sweden. A questionnaire was sent to the survivors, including measurements of health status (EQ-5D-5L) and psychological distress (HADS).RESULTS: Between 2013 and 2015, 594 IHCA survivors were included in the study. The median values for EQ-5D-5L index and EQ VAS among survivors were 0.78 (q1-q3=0.67-0.86) and 70 (q1-q3=50-80) respectively. The values were significantly lower (p<0.001) in women compared to men. In addition, women reported more problems than men in all dimensions of EQ-5D-5L, except self-care. A majority of the respondents reported no problems with anxiety (85.4%) and/or symptoms of depression (87.0%). Women reported significantly more problems with anxiety (p<0.001) and symptoms of depression (p<0.001) compared to men. Gender was significantly associated with poorer health status and more psychological distress. No interaction effects for gender and age were found.CONCLUSIONS: Although the majority of survivors reported acceptable health status and no psychological distress, a substantial proportion reported severe problems. Women reported worse health status and more psychological distress compared to men. Therefore, a higher proportion of women may be in need of support. Health care professionals should make efforts to identify health problems among survivors and offer individualised support when needed.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Årestedt, Kristofer, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Symptom relief and palliative care during the last week of life among patients with heart failure : a national register study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Palliative Medicine. - : Mary Ann Liebert. - 1096-6218 .- 1557-7740. ; 21:3, s. 361-367
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Heart failure is a disease with high morbidity, mortality, and physical and psychological burden. More knowledge about the care provided for patients with heart failure close to death is needed.OBJECTIVE: The aim was to describe key aspects of palliative care during the last week of life in patients with heart failure, as reported by healthcare professionals.DESIGN: This is a national register study.SETTING/SUBJECTS: The study included 3981 patients with diagnosed heart failure as the underlying cause of death.MEASUREMENTS: Data were obtained from the Swedish Register of Palliative Care, a national quality register that focuses on patients' last week of life, independent of diagnosis or care setting. The register includes information about care interventions connected with key aspects of palliative care. Data are reported retrospectively by a nurse or physician at the healthcare unit where the patient dies.RESULTS: Only 4.2% of patients with heart failure received specialized palliative care. In their last week of life, symptom prevalence was high, validated scales were seldom used, and symptoms were unsatisfactorily relieved. Around one-fifth (17%) of the patients in the study died alone. Less than half of family members had been offered bereavement support (45%). Moreover, one-third (28%) of the patients and more than half (61%) of the family members were reported to have had end-of-life discussions with a physician during the illness trajectory.CONCLUSION: The results indicate inadequate palliative care for patients with heart failure during their last week of life.
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| 10. |
- Ödalen, Jörgen, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Teaching university teachers to become better teachers: the effects of pedagogical training courses at six Swedish universities
- 2019
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Ingår i: Higher Education Research and Development. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0729-4360 .- 1469-8366. ; 38:2, s. 339-353
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Do pedagogical training courses for university teachers have desirable effects on the participants? We set out to answer this question by following a panel of 183 university teachers from Sweden’s six largest universities, who participated in pedagogical training courses. Our study reveals that the participants’ self-reported confidence in their role as teachers increased slightly, and their self-assessed pedagogical skills increased notably after they had finished their courses. Even though the courses were rather short, we could also observe some changes in fundamental approaches to teaching in some of the subgroups of respondents, both toward more student-centeredness and, perplexingly, toward more teacher-centeredness. Additionally, most respondents (7 out of 10) found the courses useful or very useful. Course satisfaction was most notable among participants with less than three years of teaching experience. Considering the fact that we find the positive effects of pedagogical training courses to be present mainly in the group of participants with less than three years of teaching experience, we discuss whether a policy of making these courses mandatory for all university teachers implies an overestimation of their impact.
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