| 1. |
- Andersson, Bodil T., et al.
(författare)
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Radiographers' areas of professional competence related to good nursing care
- 2008
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 22:3, s. 401-409
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Radiographers' ability and competence is a matter of vital importance for patients. Nursing care is an integral part of the radiographer's work. The demand for high competence in clinical activities has increased in diagnostic radiology and has had an impact on the development of the profession.AIM: The aim was to describe the radiographer's areas of professional competence in relation to good nursing care based on critical incidents that occur in the course of radiological examinations and interventions.METHOD: A descriptive design with a qualitative approach, using the Critical Incident Technique was employed. Interviews were conducted with a strategic sample of registered radiographers (n = 14), based at different hospitals in Sweden.ETHICAL ISSUES: The appropriate ethical principles were followed. All the participants provided informed consent, and formal approval for conducting the research was obtained according to national and local directives.RESULTS: The data analysis resulted in two main areas; direct and indirect patient-related areas of competence, which describe the radiographers' skills that either facilitate or hinder good nursing care. In the direct patient-related area of competence, four categories emerged, which illustrate good nursing care in the patient's immediate surroundings. In the indirect patient-related area of competence, four categories illuminated good nursing care that is provided without direct contact with the patient.CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the different areas of the radiographer's unique professional competence. The findings provide insight into the radiographer's profession, on one hand as a carer and on the other as a medical technologist as well as highlighting the importance of each role. The radiographer's work encompasses a variety of components--from caring for the patient to handling and checking the technical equipment.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Att åldras - ökad risk för karies?
- 2008
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Ingår i: Dentalmagazinet. ; 1:1, s. 31-34:1, s. 33-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 3. |
- Baeshen, Hosam A, et al.
(författare)
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Uptake and release of fluoride from fluoride-impregnated chewing sticks (miswaks) in vitro and in vivo.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Caries research. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-976X .- 0008-6568. ; 42:5, s. 363-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose was to investigate the uptake and release of fluoride (F) from F-impregnated chewing sticks (miswaks). In the first series, 3-cm-long pieces were impregnated in 1, 2, 3 and 4% NaF solutions for 3 h, 1 day and 3 days (10 pieces/test). There was a dose-response effect with respect to both impregnation time and the concentration of the F solution. In the second and third series, totally 40 miswak pieces were impregnated in 3% NaF for 1 day and 3 days; the outer layer (bark) was separated from the inner spongy part (pulp) and analyzed separately. F was released from both parts, but somewhat more was released from the bark than from the pulp; a plateau was reached at around 30 min. In vivo, 9 healthy subjects used three products for 2 min in a crossover design: (1) a miswak impregnated in 3% NaF for 1 day, (2) a miswak impregnated in 3% NaF for 3 days, and (3) 1 g of F toothpaste (containing 1,450 ppm F as NaF) on a toothbrush. The highest F concentration at the approximal area was obtained after using the miswak impregnated in 3% NaF for 3 days compared with the other products (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). To conclude, NaF-impregnated miswaks produced a rapid release of F in vitro as well as in vivo and may be an interesting vehicle for home care use for caries prevention in countries where they are used regularly.
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| 4. |
- Dahl, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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The realism in older people's confidence judgments of answers to general knowledge questions.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Psychology and Aging. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0882-7974 .- 1939-1498. ; 24:1, s. 234-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study investigated 2 aspects of the accuracy (i.e., realism) of confidence judgments of persons age 60–93 years (N 1,384) regarding their answers to general knowledge questions. These aspects are the level of confidence (calibration) in relation to the proportion of correct answers and the ability to discriminate between correct and incorrect answers by means of confidence judgments. No age differences were found for either of the 2 aspects. Gender differences were found for proportion of correct answers and confidence but not for the realism in the confidence judgments. Keywords: aging, memory, confidence judgments, realism, general knowledge question
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| 5. |
- Elgán, Carina, et al.
(författare)
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Being in charge of life : perceptions of lifestyle among women of retirement age
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 23:4, s. 730-735
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the perceptions of lifestyle among women of retirement age.Background: Women go through many transitions during their lives, which impact on their lifestyle and possibly their outlook on life. Family circumstances such as motherhood and marital status change over time and the menopause is also likely to influence their view of life.Method: Data were collected through interviews with 20 women, aged 61–70, selected by means of strategic sampling. The interviews were analysed using a phenomenographic approach.Findings: Three structural aspects emerged: being healthy as life turns out, living life in their own way, and taking care of everyday life. The women described lifestyle as a means of being healthy, having an active role in society, being content with what one has and the need to adapt oneself to limiting circumstances. Lifestyle was also associated with being in charge and making one’s own choices in life based on one’s own values. They reported that they were independent and made decisions about their life. The informants considered that lifestyle was an asset that helped them to cope with everyday life and to make the most of each day.Conclusion: Lifestyle is a tool that requires independence, the right to self‐determination over everyday life and adjustment to limitations in order to ensure the psychological well‐being of women of retirement age. Further research is needed in order to delineate the possible association between lifestyle and psychological well‐being.
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| 6. |
- Fagrell, Tobias G, et al.
(författare)
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Bacterial invasion of dentinal tubules beneath apparently intact but hypomineralized enamel in molar teeth with molar incisor hypomineralization.
- 2008
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Ingår i: International journal of paediatric dentistry / the British Paedodontic Society [and] the International Association of Dentistry for Children. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd. - 1365-263X .- 0960-7439. ; 18:5, s. 333-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The most common problems for a patient with molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) are the collapse of enamel and cavitations, loss of fillings, and secondary caries, but most of all, severe hypersensitivity. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper was therefore to histologically study possible bacterial invasion of dentinal tubules beneath apparently intact, but hypomineralized enamel in permanent molars with MIH. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Five extracted permanent first molars diagnosed with MIH were fixated, demineralized, and sagittally serially sectioned in a bucco-lingual direction in a microtome with a thickness of 4-5 microm. Sections were stained with a modified Brown and Benn staining for bacteria, unstained sections were analysed in field emission SEM. RESULTS: Stained sections from the cuspal areas, below the hypomineralized enamel, the staining indicated the presence of bacteria in the dentinal tubules. The HTX staining showed that the pulp in sections without any findings was normal and free from bacteria or infiltrates from inflammatory cells. In sections where bacteria were found in the cuspal areas or deeper in the dentin, a zone of reparative dentin was found, and in sections from one tooth, the coronal pulp showed an inflammatory reaction with inflammatory cells. In sections adjacent to those without any bacterial staining, the SEM analyses revealed empty dentinal tubules without any odontoblast processes or signs of bacteria. When odontoblast processes were found, the dentinal tubules were filled with bacteria located on the surface of the odontoblast processes. In some areas, a large number of tubules were found with bacteria. No bacteria were found close to the pulp. The odontoblast processes appeared larger in areas where bacteria were found. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of bacteria in the dentinal tubules and inflammatory reactions in the pulp indicate that oral bacteria may penetrate through the hypomineralized enamel into the dentin, thus possibly contribute to hypersensitivity of teeth with MIH.
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| 7. |
- Fagrell, Tobias G, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of ozone treatment on different cariogenic microorganisms in vitro.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Swedish dental journal. - : Swedish Dental Association. - 0347-9994. ; 32:3, s. 139-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ozone treatment has been presented and discussed in the literature, as one of the "new" ways to treat dental caries. The aim of this paper was to study the in vitro effect of ozone on some common oral microorganisms related to dental caries using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of ozone was tested on three different strains of mutans streptococci and one Lactobacillus strain. After exposure of bacteria to ozone treatment for 0 to 60 sec, cultivation on different chair side strips and agar plates took place. Preparation and performance of scanning electron analyses in a field emission scanning electron microscope at 10 kV was then carried out. It was found that gaseous ozone treatment for 20 seconds or more was effective to kill the different microorganisms in vitro. Treatment of 20, 40 and 60 seconds of ozone prevented the bacteria to grow on the different media. Treatment times shorter than 20 seconds resulted in varying results with a limited effect on bacterial growth for treatments of 5-10 sec, respectively. The difference between ozone-treated and untreated specimens was macroscopically readily discernable. None of the strains treated with ozone for 60 seconds showed any bacterial growth. Only samples with untreated bacteria could be found in the SEM analyses in form of large and high colonies. This study presents a clear result of the bactericide effect of ozon (in vitro) on four different strains of bacteria associated with dental caries.
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| 8. |
- Franke Stenport, Victoria, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Failure to induce supracrestal bone growth between and around partially inserted titanium implants using bone morphogenetic protein (BMP): an experimental study in dogs.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Clinical oral implants research. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 0905-7161 .- 1600-0501. ; 14:2, s. 219-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of bone morphogenetic protein on supracrestal bone growth around partially inserted implants in a dog model is described. The lower premolar teeth (P1, P2, P3 and P4) were extracted on both sides of the mandible in six dogs. At a surgical exposure 12 weeks later, two 10-mm turned titanium implants were partially inserted, approximately 15 mm apart, in the areas of the P1 and P3 in each side of the mandible, allowing five threads to protrude from the bone crest. A titanium mesh was fastened to the coronal aspect of the two fixtures and the space beneath the mesh was filled with bone morphogenetic protein (S300 BMP) in combination with an insoluble bone matrix carrier, or with the carrier alone. The mesh was covered with an ePTFE membrane. Thus, a space for potential bone formation was created between the two implants. The surgical flaps were coronally positioned and secured with vertical mattress sutures. After 16 weeks of healing, biopsy specimens were retrieved and examined histologically. Bone was not formed around the protruding implants or in the created space between the implants in any case. The carrier was incompletely resorbed. We conclude that supracrestal bone growth beyond the crestal limit with or without BMP in such a large space as in this experimental design may not be possible.
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| 9. |
- Godhe, Anna, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of three common molecular tools for distinguishing among geographically separated clones of the diatom Skeletonema marinoi Sarno et Zingone (bacillariophyceae)
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Phycology. - : Wiley. - 0022-3646 .- 1529-8817. ; 42:2, s. 280-291
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Skeletonema marinoi Sarno et Zingone is a planktonic marine diatom with a widespread geographic distribution. Different populations of this species may show distinct genetic signatures. We have evaluated the utility of three common molecular methods for distinguishing clones of S. marinoi from different geographic regions. Clonal cultures were isolated from the Canadian west coast, south west Portugal, and the east and west coasts of Sweden. All strains originated from resting stages in sediment. More than 90% of the individually isolated chains grew to densities suitable for DNA extraction. Genetic signatures of clones from each sample location were assessed by sequencing variable domains (D1-D3) of the nuclear large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene and internal transcriber spacer (ITS) (ITS-1, 5.8S and ITS-2) regions, and also by analysis of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA patterns. Analysis of molecular variance showed that strains from the four geographic areas were significantly separated by all three methods but that differences among European samples were best resolved by ITS 2 sequences.
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| 10. |
- Härnström, Karolina, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Tropical phytoplankton community development in mesocosms inoculated with different life stages
- 2007
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Ingår i: Marine Ecology-Progress Series. - : Inter-Research Science Center. - 0171-8630 .- 1616-1599. ; 346, s. 75-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many diatom species have the ability to form benthic resting stages, but the importance of these stages as a supply for planktonic blooms is uncertain. A mesocosm study was carried out in December 2005 to January 2006 in Mangalore, India. Mesocosms were inoculated with various combinations of benthic and/or planktonic cells, sampled from the coastal SE Arabian Sea, and the development of the planktonic community was followed. Diatoms dominated the phytoplankton community in all mesocosms, irrespective of inoculum. The most significant differences among inoculum types were altered species composition, and the timings of the maximum cell abundances, which lagged behind in the sediment mesocosms. Populations of Thalassiosira were initiated by both plankton and benthic propagules. Taxa known from temperate coastal areas to seed bloom by benthic propagules, such as Chaetoceros and Skeletonema, were predominantly seeded by planktonic cells in this experiment; this implies differential seeding strategy within the same species at different latitudes. The species assemblage encountered in the plankton and sediment was similar, which indicates that the benthic resting stages seed an autochthonous phytoplankton flora in the area. High species diversity in all inoculated mesocosms was maintained throughout the experimental period, although the actual number of species was fewer at the end. The hydrographic conditions and timing of formation, survival, and germination of diatom resting stages in SE Arabian Sea are discussed.
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