| 1. |
- Abrahamsson, Kajsa H., 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of the Dental Hygienist Beliefs Survey; test-retest assessment in a group of general dental patients.
- 2012
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Ingår i: International journal of dental hygiene. - 1601-5037. ; 10:1, s. 30-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the Dental Hygienist Beliefs Survey (DHBS) and the test–retest reliability of DHBS in a group of general dental patients.Material and methods: The DHBS, which is a questionnaire constructed to assess patients’ specific attitudes towards dental hygienists (DHs), was distributed together with the Dental Anxiety Scale adapted to specifically assess fear of DH treatment (DHAS). It was hypothesized that DHBS would correlate with DHAS and gender. The questionnaires were consecutively distributed to 80 patients at their first visit and after a clinical examination performed by a DH student. Retest assessments of DHBS were conducted approximately two weeks later in conjunction with the next visit at the DH student and before treatment (scaling session). The final study sample included 77 adult general dental patients in treatment at an education clinic for DH students.Results: The results verified a statistically significant correlation between DHBS and DHAS. The DHBS sum of scores showed high internal consistency with Cronbach’s a coefficient of 0.88 and 0.91 at the first and second assessments, respectively, and the test–retest reliability of the DHBS was acceptable with intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.76. No statistically significant association was found between DHBS and gender.Conclusion: The results suggest that the DHBS is a reliable and stable scale to use to assess patients’ specific attitudes towards DHs. Moreover, DH beliefs are associated with fear of DH treatment.
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| 2. |
- Ademovski, Seida, et al.
(författare)
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The short-term treatment effects on the microbiota at the dorsum of the tongue in intra-oral halitosis patients : a randomized clinical trial
- 2013
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Ingår i: Clinical Oral Investigations. - 1432-6981. ; 17:2, s. 463-473
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives This study aims to assess the effects of rinsing with zinc- and chlorhexidine-containing mouth rinse with or without adjunct tongue scraping on volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) in breath air, and the microbiota at the dorsum of the tongue. Material and methods A randomized single-masked controlled clinical trial with a cross-over study design over 14 days including 21 subjects was performed. Bacterial samples from the dorsum of the tongue were assayed by checkerboard DNA–DNA hybridization. Results No halitosis (identified by VSC assessments) at day 14 was identified in 12/21 subjects with active rinse alone, in 10/21with adjunct use of tongue scraper, in 1/21 for negative control rinse alone, and in 3/21 in the control and tongue scraping sequence. At day 14, significantly lower counts were identified only in the active rinse sequence ( p < 0.001) for 15/78 species including , Fusobacterium sp., Porphyromonas gingivalis , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Staphylococcus aureus , and Tannerella forsythia . A decrease in bacteria from baseline to day 14 was found in successfully treated subjects for 9/74 species including: P. gingivalis , Prevotella melaninogenica , S. aureus , and Treponema denticola . Baseline VSC scores were correlated with several bacterial species. The use of a tongue scraper combined with active rinse did not change the levels of VSC compared to rinsing alone. Conclusions VSC scores were not associated with bacterial counts in samples taken from the dorsum of the tongue. The active rinse alone containing zinc and chlorhexidine had effects on intra-oral halitosis and reduced bacterial counts of species associated with malodor. Tongue scraping provided no beneficial effects on the microbiota studied. Clinical relevance Periodontally healthy subjects with intra-oral halitosis benefit from daily rinsing with zinc- and chlorhexidine-containing mouth rinse.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Pia, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical correlates of oral impacts on daily performances.
- 2010
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Ingår i: International journal of dental hygiene. - 1601-5037. ; 8:3, s. 219-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between oral health measures and oral health-related quality of life as captured by OIDP (oral impacts on daily performances).METHODS: The study was performed in three dental clinics in Sweden and included 204 patients, 43.8% men and 56.2% women (aged 20-86 years), consecutively recruited in connection with their routine dental examination. The patients were interviewed using the OIDP followed by a clinical examination. Four bite-wing radiographs were taken in two of the clinics (n = 154). A self-administered questionnaire provided information about socio-economic data.RESULTS: Subjects >or=60 years had significantly more missing teeth, lesser maximal jaw opening, higher number of sites with alveolar bone loss and proportionally more filled teeth than younger individuals. Impacts related to the oral health that affected their daily life were reported in 39.7%. Multivariate logistic regressions analysis showed that missing teeth (>or=10) and a limited jaw opening (<40 mm) were significantly associated with having one or more impact as measured with the OIDP [odds ratio (OR) 6.50, 95% CI 1.48-28.43 and OR 2.87, 95% CI 1.03-7.96, respectively].CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with diminished functional oral health status (missing teeth and limited jaw opening) had significantly more often one or more oral impacts on daily life than those with fewer than 10 missing teeth and a jaw opening >or=40 mm. The OIDP instrument may be valuable for use in routine dental check-ups in patients with related problems to determine possible oral impacts on daily life.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Pia, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric properties of the Dental Hygienist Anxiety Scale in a group of general dental patients
- 2013
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6357. ; 71:3-4, s. 877-882
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Dental Hygienist Anxiety Scale (DHAS) in a sample of adult general dental patients. Materials and methods. The DHAS is a questionnaire adapted to assess fear and anxiety of dental hygienist (DH) treatment. The DHAS contains four items and the sum of scores range from 4 (no anxiety) to 20 (extreme fear). A convenient sample of 80 patients in treatment at two DH programs in Sweden were consecutively included in the study. The DHAS was distributed together with questions regarding self-perceived oral health and experience of dental care at the first visit after a clinical examination performed by a DH. Re-test assessments of DHAS were conducted ∼ 2 weeks later in conjunction with the next visit to the DH before treatment (scaling session). Results. The results verified a significant positive correlation between the average DHAS sum of scores and global fear of DH and dentist treatment, perceived pain during the last DH treatment and female gender. The DHAS sum of scores had a high internal consistency, Cronbach's coefficient of 0.89 and 0.87 at the first and at the second assessment, respectively. The test-re-test reliability of the DHAS sum of scores was acceptable, with an intra-class coefficient of 0.82 and Kappa coefficients between 0.49-0.78 for the four single items in the DHAS. Conclusions. These results suggest that the DHAS has acceptable psychometric proprieties and is a valid and reliable scale to assess anxiety in DH treatment.
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| 6. |
- Asplund, Maria. E., 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Water column dynamics of Vibrio in relation to phytoplankton community composition and environmental conditions in a tropical coastal area
- 2011
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Ingår i: Environmental Microbiology. - 1462-2912. ; 13:10, s. 2738-2751
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vibrio abundance generally displays seasonal patterns. In temperate coastal areas, temperature and salinity influence Vibrio growth, whereas in tropical areas this pattern is not obvious. The present study assessed the dynamics of Vibrio in the Arabian Sea, 1-2 km off Mangalore on the south-west coast of India, during temporally separated periods. The two sampling periods were signified by oligotrophic conditions, and stable temperatures and salinity. Vibrio abundance was estimated by culture-independent techniques in relation to phytoplankton community composition and environmental variables. The results showed that the Vibrio density during December 2007 was 10- to 100-fold higher compared with the February-March 2008 period. High Vibrio abundance in December coincided with a diatom-dominated phytoplankton assemblage. A partial least squares (PLS) regression model indicated that diatom biomass was the primary predictor variable. Low nutrient levels suggested high water column turnover rate, which bacteria compensated for by using organic molecules leaking from phytoplankton. The abundance of potential Vibrio predators was low during both sampling periods; therefore it is suggested that resource supply from primary producers is more important than top-down control by predators.
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| 7. |
- Baeshen, Hosam, et al.
(författare)
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Uptake and release of fluoride from fluoride-impregnated chewing sticks (miswaks) in vitro and in vivo.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Caries research. - 1421-976X. ; 42:5, s. 363-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose was to investigate the uptake and release of fluoride (F) from F-impregnated chewing sticks (miswaks). In the first series, 3-cm-long pieces were impregnated in 1, 2, 3 and 4% NaF solutions for 3 h, 1 day and 3 days (10 pieces/test). There was a dose-response effect with respect to both impregnation time and the concentration of the F solution. In the second and third series, totally 40 miswak pieces were impregnated in 3% NaF for 1 day and 3 days; the outer layer (bark) was separated from the inner spongy part (pulp) and analyzed separately. F was released from both parts, but somewhat more was released from the bark than from the pulp; a plateau was reached at around 30 min. In vivo, 9 healthy subjects used three products for 2 min in a crossover design: (1) a miswak impregnated in 3% NaF for 1 day, (2) a miswak impregnated in 3% NaF for 3 days, and (3) 1 g of F toothpaste (containing 1,450 ppm F as NaF) on a toothbrush. The highest F concentration at the approximal area was obtained after using the miswak impregnated in 3% NaF for 3 days compared with the other products (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). To conclude, NaF-impregnated miswaks produced a rapid release of F in vitro as well as in vivo and may be an interesting vehicle for home care use for caries prevention in countries where they are used regularly.
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| 8. |
- Collin, Betty, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Characteristics of potentially pathogenic vibrios from subtropical Mozambique compared with isolates from tropical India and boreal Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: Fems Microbiology Ecology. - 0168-6496. ; 83:2, s. 255-264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reported outbreaks of Vibrio parahaemolyticus have increased worldwide, particularly in regions of high seafood consumption. In Mozambique, seafood constitutes an important food resource and diarrheal diseases are common among its inhabitants. Edible clams were collected in Maputo Bay during both the dry and rainy seasons, with the results showing the number of viable counts of vibrios in clams to peak during the latter. Vibrio parahaemolyticus was the predominant species identified among the isolated strains. Although only one of 109 total strains carried the tdh virulence gene, 69% of isolates showed evidence of hemolytic capacity when subjected to a functional test. Similar virulence patterns and biochemical properties were found in strains isolated from Indian and Swedish marine waters. Antibiotic resistance was, however, more pronounced in strains isolated from these latter two environments.
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| 9. |
- Collin, Betty, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Faecal Contaminants in Edible Bivalves from Maputo Bay, Mozambique:
- 2008
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Ingår i: The Open Nutrition Journal. - 1874-2882. ; 2, s. 86-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Maputo, Mozambique marine bivalves considerably contribute to the diet of the population. This study aimed to investigate seasonal distribution of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in clams from Maputo Bay, and examine their pathogenesis and antibiotic-resistant patterns. Standard multiple tube method revealed that the concentration of coliforms in all samples exceeded the limit for direct consumption, according to EU standards. Thirty-eight percent of the samples contained >60,000 MPN per 100 gram flesh. The occurrence of E. coli did not differ significantly due to season, while Salmonella was present in 100% of the samples during the rainy period and only in 30% during the dry. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction showed that 45% of E. coli isolates were positive for the virulent indicator gene fimA. The Salmonella isolates were identified as S. enterica serovar Typhimurium. Among other isolated coliformic Enterobacteriaceae, Shigella sp. (specie), which in low doses can cause severe gastrointestinal infections, was identified. Antimicrobial susceptibility, recorded by the disk diffusion method, showed resistance to the most commonly used antibiotics. This high levels of faecal contaminants in the clams points out the need for risk assessment and sanitary improvements.
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| 10. |
- Collin, Betty, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Occurrence and potential pathogenesis of Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus on the South Coast of Sweden
- 2011
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Ingår i: FEMS Microbiology Ecology. - 0168-6496. ; 78:2, s. 306-313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the summer of 2006, several wound infections - of which three were fatal caused by Vibrio cholerae were reported from patients who had been exposed to water from the Baltic Sea. Before these reports, we initiated a sampling project investigating the occurrence of potential human pathogenic V. cholerae, Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in The Sound between Sweden and Denmark. The Blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) was used as an indicator to follow the occurrence of vibrios over time. Molecular analyses showed high frequencies of the most potent human pathogenic Vibrio spp.; 53% of mussel samples were positive for V. cholerae (although none were positive for the cholera toxin gene), 63% for V. vulnificus and 79% for V. parahaemolyticus (of which 47% were tdh(+) and/or trh(+)). Viable vibrios were also isolated from the mussel meat and screened for virulence by PCR. The mortality of eukaryotic cells when exposed to bacteria was tested in vivo, with results showing that the Vibrio strains, independent of species and origin, were harmful to the cells. Despite severe infections and several deaths, no report on potential human pathogenic vibrios in this area had been published before this study.
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