| 1. |
- Aaberge, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of an In-work Tax Credit Reform in Sweden: Effects on Labor Supply and Welfare Participation of Single Mothers
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to evaluate a recent Swedish in-work tax credit reform where we pay particular attention to labor market exclusion; i.e. individuals in as well as outside the labor force are included in the analysis. To highlight the importance of the joint effects from the tax and the benefit systems it appears particular relevant to analyze the labor supply behavior of single mothers. To this end, we estimate a structural microeconometric model of labor supply and welfare participation. The model accounts for heterogeneity in consumption-leisure preferences as well as for constraints in job opportunities. The results of the evaluation show that the reform generates welfare-gains for virtually every single mother, and moreover benefits low-income households. Finally, due to increased labor supply and decline in welfare participation we find that this reform is almost self-financing.
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| 2. |
- Abbott, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Conceptual Framework of Harmful Gambling: An International Collaboration
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt)abstract
- While seen by many as a form of leisure and recreation, gambling can have serious repercussions for individuals, families, and society as a whole. The harmful effects of gambling have been studied for decades to attempt to understand individual differences in gambling engagement and the life- course of gamblingrelated problems. In this publication, we present a comprehensive, internationally relevant conceptual framework of “harmful gambling” that moves beyond a symptoms-based view of harm and addresses a broad set of factors related to population risk, community and societal effects. Interactive factors represented in the framework represent major themes in gambling that range from specific (gambling environment, exposure, types, and resources) to general (cultural, social, psychological, and biological). This framework has been created by international and interdisciplinary experts from a variety of stakeholder perspectives - including researchers, treatment providers, operators, policy makers, and individuals and their families - to facilitate an understanding of harmful gambling. It not only reflects the state of knowledge as it relates to factors influencing harmful gambling, but also acts to guide the development of future research programs and educate policy makers on issues related to harmful gambling. The Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre (Guelph, Ontario, Canada) has facilitated the development of the Conceptual Framework of Harmful Gambling and is committed to updating it over time.
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| 3. |
- Abiri, Elisabeth, 1962-
(författare)
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Let’s talk! Human Rights meet Peace and Security
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt)abstract
- The report focuses on the links between two fields of theories and practices - human rights and peace and security - that appear to have much in common. To be able to find durable solutions to conflicts human rights must be guaranteed, and in order to safeguard human rights violent conflicts must be kept at bay. The report's aim is to enhance knowledge and discussion about the relationship between human rights and peace and security in theory and practice, and to form the base for further work on how development cooperation may develop human rights promoting and conflict sensitive practices.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Abou-Ali, Hala, 1972-
(författare)
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Child mortality, wealth and education: direct versus indirect effects
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt)abstract
- Controlling for the Egyptian household choice of health infrastructure (i.e., sanitation facility and water accessibility) is done by means of a discrete choice approach consistent with the random utility model. Evidence of the importance of the indirect effect of the source of drinking water on child mortality is found. Furthermore, changes in wealth and education levels are assessed taking into consideration a priori the choice of health infrastructure. The analysis suggests that wealth and education contribute to the child mortality reduction.
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| 6. |
- Abou-Ali, Hala, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Does Benefit Transfer Always Work: a Multi-country Comparison
- 2005
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt)abstract
- This paper analyzes the welfare effects of a 50 percent reduction in air pollution caused by road traffic in both Cairo (Egypt) and Rabat-Salé (Morocco) using a contingent valuation method with identical elicitation questions. Despite the fact that both the numbers of inhabitants and vehicles are higher in Cairo the willingness to pay to reduce the impacts of vehicle emissions is higher in Rabat-Salé although incomes are rather similar in both cities. This paper shows that the relatively often-used benefit transfer frequently leads to biases where damage costs are under- or overestimated.
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| 7. |
- Abou-Ali, Hala, 1972-, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating the welfare effects of improved water qualityusing the choice experiment method
- 2004
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt)abstract
- This paper analyzes the welfare effects of improved health status through increased water quality using a choice experiment. The survey was administered to a random sample of households in metropolitan Cairo, Egypt. We apply a random parameter logit model in the analysis and illustrate the richness of information that can be obtained from this type of model by estimating individual level willingness to pay (WTP). We find a significant WTP for improved health status, both for short-run and long-run health effects. However, the estimated WTP is fairly low compared with the costs of a program that would achieve these improvements.
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| 8. |
- Abou-Ali, Hala, 1972-
(författare)
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The effect of water and sanitation on child mortality in Egypt
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt)abstract
- This paper assesses water and sanitation´s impacts on child mortality in Egypt. The analysis is conducted using a three-part model specification, comprising discrete choice to model the child prospects of dying during the neonatal period. The remaining parts uses transition models to model infant and childhood risk of death where unobserved heterogeneity is accounted for. The results show that access to municipal water decreases the risk and sanitation is found to have a more pronounced impact on mortality than water. The results suggest that increasing awareness of the Egyptian population relative to health care and hygiene is an important feature to decrease child´s mortality risk. Moreover, gender discrimination is found to be of an important effect beyond the neonatal period.
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| 9. |
- Abou-Ali, Hala, 1972-
(författare)
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Using stated preference methods to evaluate the impact of water onhealth: the case of metropolitan Cairo
- 2003
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt)abstract
- This paper analysis the impact of better water quality on health improvements using two stated preference methods: choice experiments and the contingent valuation method. These methods were administered to a random sample of 1500 households living in metropolitan Cairo, Egypt. The results indicate that households living in Metropolitan Cairo have a positive but rather small willingness to pay for reducing health risks owing to water quality.
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| 10. |
- Abrahamsson, Hans, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Globaliseringen och dess kritiker: Göteborgshändelserna i ett globalt perspektiv
- 2002
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt)abstract
- Denna uppsats vill placera göteborgshändelserna, juni 2001, i ett globalt perspektiv. Utan ett sådant är det svårt att förstå den politiska innebörden i vad som skedde. Stenkastning förekom förvisso, men också mycket annat som inte givits lika stor uppmärksamhet. Tiotusentals demonstranter i fredliga protester mot amerikansk utrikespolitik och hundratals kritiska seminarier om världens tillstånd. Den allmänna fråga som står i fokus är hur vi skall tolka det samtida motståndet mot vad som kallas globalisering och den kris för nationalstaten och demokratin som den samtida globaliseringsprocessen skapat. Vi menar att denna kris är en yttring av det förhållandet att det politiska systemet befinner sig i omvandling från westfalisk till postwestfalisk ordning, dvs. från en ordning dominerad av territoriellt organiserade stater till en mer öppen ordning med flera aktörer och flera auktoritetsnivåer. Vi menar också att olika politiska rationaliteter bakom dessa ordningar förklarar en del av de kommunikationsklyftor som kom att prägla göteborgshändelserna och dessas efterspel. Analysen görs utifrån en av Karl Polanyi (1957) inspirerad förklaringsmodell som länkar marknadsexpansion och motstånd. Utan en dialektisk teori om globalisering som en politiskt styrd process vilken genererar sociala motrörelser är det svårt att förstå de frågor som toppmötet i Göteborg handlade om, de motägelsefulla politiska budskap som olika aktörer förde fram, och, inte minst, de kontrasterande politiska metoder som användes.
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