| 1. |
- Jägerbrand, Annika K, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Effects of Climate Change on tundra bryophytes
- 2011
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In: Bryophyte Ecology and Climate Change. - Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press. - 9780521757775 ; , s. 211-236
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 2. |
- Rudmark, Daniel
(author)
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Designing Platform Emulation
- 2021
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Many contemporary firms and public agencies seek to engage external third-party developers to supply complementary applications. However, this type of development sometimes occurs without organizational consent, which creates problems for subjected organizations at both the technical and organizational levels. In this thesis, I have developed a theoretical perspective called open platform emulation. This perspective builds on emulation logics, where designers use an external model as a basis for developing compatible platform capabilities superior to the original model. In this thesis, this model has been external unsanctioned development. In open platform emulation, such capabilities include governance decisions enabling coherence with previously proven solutions, the flexibility to accommodate new development trajectories, and strategies for applying openness to a digital resource. The means to achieve these capabilities involves design rules’ architecture, interfaces, and integration protocols, which convey the capabilities to third-party developers. This way, a platform owner can draw on governance and architectural configurations to emulate self-resourcing behavior through the platform core. I generated the contributions from this thesis by materializing open platform emulation in a clinical setting. More specifically, I used action design research (ADR) together with the Swedish Transport Administration (STA). Starting in early 2012, I led a platform initiative that, in collaboration with the STA, sought to emulate self-resourcing to design an open platform. Here, I conducted two full ADR cycles that resulted in a currently active production platform used by both the STA and external third-party developers. Before this engagement, I also conducted studies of related phenomena within the Swedish public transport industry, and I have continued to follow the STA’s platform trajectory since its release in 2014. The theoretical contributions from this thesis include design principles that seek to guide the designers of open platforms in situations where digital resources are subject to self-resourcing. These design principles cover both product and process aspects throughout the open platform’s developmental trajectory. Also, I offer additional theoretical implications based on this work. These include extensions to current theories on open platforms, different types of platform emulation, an enunciated influence response to outlaw innovation, and methodological implications for guided emergence in ADR.
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| 3. |
- Sjörs Dahlman, Anna, 1981-, et al.
(author)
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The hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis and the autonomic nervous system in burnout
- 2021
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In: Handbook of Clinical Neurology. - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0072-9752. ; , s. 83-94, s. 83-94
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Burnout constitutes a serious health concern in the modern working environment. It is a stress-related condition that has developed as a result of a prolonged psychosocial stress exposure causing a persistent mismatch between demands and resources. The main symptom is emotional exhaustion, but physical fatigue, diminished professional efficacy, cynicism, and cognitive impairments are also associated with this condition. Burnout has been used both as a psychologic term in occupational settings and as a clinical diagnosis in patient populations, and there is currently no universally accepted definition and diagnostic criteria of burnout. It has been hypothesized that the two main stress response systems, the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA axis), are involved in the pathogenesis of burnout. A common hypothesis is that in the early stages of chronic stress, the HPA axis and sympathetic ANS activity tend to be higher, while it will decrease with a longer duration of chronic stress to ultimately reach a state of hypoactivity in clinical burnout. The current research in this field shows many contradictory results. Thus there is no compelling evidence of either ANS or HPA dysfunction in burnout. However, there is partial support for the hypothesis of HPA and sympathetic hyperactivity in early stages, and HPA hyporeactivity and low vagal activity in more severe burnout cases, but high-quality studies investigating the causal links are still lacking. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Ögren, Mikael, et al.
(author)
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Effects of railway noise and vibrations on sleep : experimental studies within the Swedish research program TVANE
- 2009
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In: 8th European Conference on Noise Control 2009 (EURONOISE 2009). - : Curran Associates, Inc.. - 9781615676804 ; , s. 1214-1221
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper describes a laboratory sleep study with an exposure situation corresponding to a dwelling close to a railway. Both noise and bed vibrations were generated for passing trains, and the sleep quality of the test subjects was evaluated using questionnaires before and after sleep. A total of 21 test subjects slept five nights in the laboratory, and three different exposure situations were presented in a randomized order after two nights for habituation. The three exposures were combined from two noise levels and two vibration amplitudes; one with high noise levels and strong vibrations, one with lower noise levels and strong vibrations and one with high noise levels and weaker vibrations. The results indicate that the perceived sleep disturbance from noise increased with increasing vibration amplitude. There was no such interaction effect for perceived sleep disturbance due to vibrations, i.e. sleep disturbance due to vibrations was the same irrespective of noise level. These results suggest that it will not be sufficient to reduce the noise levels to protect from sleep disturbances, e.g. by sound insulating windows and noise barriers, if vibration levels are high. The vibration levels must also be addressed.
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| 6. |
- Öhrström, Evy, 1946, et al.
(author)
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Comparative field studies on the effects of railway and road traffic noise
- 2010
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In: 39th International Congress on Noise Control Engineering 2010. - Lissabon : Sociedade Portuguesa de Acustica (SPA). - 9781617823961 ; , s. 1660-1668
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- To provide additional knowledge on the long term effects of railway and road traffic noise socio-acoustic surveys were performed in two residential areas exposed to road traffic noise (highway and major roads) and two areas exposed to railway noise (124 trains per day). Results were obtained for 974 individuals exposed to comparative sound levels ranging from LAeq,24h 45 to 65 dB. Road traffic caused significantly more noise annoyance than railway traffic, however, the difference decreased somewhat at higher sound levels above LAeq,24h 60 dB. For Lden the difference in annoyance between the two noise sources was larger and the difference increased at higher sound levels. At all sound levels, road traffic noise caused more disturbances of rest/relaxation (LAeq,24h) and sleep quality (Lnight) but less disturbance of conversation than railway noise. It was concluded that noise from railway traffic overall causes less adverse health effects than road traffic noise, in cases with a relatively moderate number of trains per day.
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