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Träfflista för sökning "LAR1:gu ;srt2:(2008)"

Sökning: LAR1:gu > (2008)

  • Resultat 1-10 av 6650
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1.
  • 1973. En träff med tidsandan
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: 1973. En träff med tidsandan. - Lund : Nordic Academic Press. - 9789189116979 ; , s. 11-21
  • Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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  • A. Nojima,, et al. (författare)
  • Calculational aspects of electron-phonon coupling at surfaces
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: J. Phys: Condens. Matter. - : IOP Publishing. - 1361-648X .- 0953-8984. ; 20
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We study the validity of two frequently used approximations in calculations of electron–phonon coupling at surfaces. The rigid-ion approximation is a standard approximation used for the bulk metals. On the basis of density functional theory calculations, we find that for Be this approximation is as valid for surface atoms as for bulk atoms. In addition, the slab method for calculations of a phonon induced surface state lifetime is examined. The convergence of the electron–phonon matrix element with respect to the thickness of the slab is studied for several systems. When the number of slab layers is increased, the net effect of decreasing overlap and increasing number of final states depends strongly on the decay length of the surface state wavefunction and the band structure.
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5.
  • A. Nojima,, et al. (författare)
  • Model Eliashberg function for surface states
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Applied Surface Science. ; 254:23
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We present a simplified procedure for the analysis of the phonon-induced lifetimes of surface states. The model includes information about the electron and phonon structure and is thus more reliable than procedures based on phonon Debye models. We apply the model to calculate the lifetime broadening of Cu(1 1 1) and Al(0 0 1) surface states. The obtained Eliashberg functions and lifetimes are in reasonable agreement with previous detailed studies.
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6.
  • Aaberge, Rolf, et al. (författare)
  • Evaluation of an In-work Tax Credit Reform in Sweden: Effects on Labor Supply and Welfare Participation of Single Mothers
  • 2008
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The purpose of this paper is to evaluate a recent Swedish in-work tax credit reform where we pay particular attention to labor market exclusion; i.e. individuals in as well as outside the labor force are included in the analysis. To highlight the importance of the joint effects from the tax and the benefit systems it appears particular relevant to analyze the labor supply behavior of single mothers. To this end, we estimate a structural microeconometric model of labor supply and welfare participation. The model accounts for heterogeneity in consumption-leisure preferences as well as for constraints in job opportunities. The results of the evaluation show that the reform generates welfare-gains for virtually every single mother, and moreover benefits low-income households. Finally, due to increased labor supply and decline in welfare participation we find that this reform is almost self-financing.
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9.
  • Abbas, Abdul-Karim, 1959, et al. (författare)
  • S-sulfo-cysteine is an endogenous amino acid in neonatal rat brain but an unlikely mediator of cysteine neurotoxicity.
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Neurochemical research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0364-3190 .- 1573-6903. ; 33:2, s. 301-7
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • S-sulfo-cysteine (SSC) is an agonist of glutamate receptors which could be involved in cysteine-induced neurotoxicity. Here we analyzed SSC by HPLC and demonstrated that the concentration of SSC in cortex of cysteine-injected rats increased to 1.4 microM, about four times the value of control rats. The neurotoxic effect of SSC was evaluated in slice cultures of rat hippocampus and compared to NMDA and cysteine. The neurotoxicity threshold of SSC was well above the tissue concentration. Our results show that SSC increases in neonatal rat brain after cysteine injection but reaches a tissue concentration far below concentrations that induce neurotoxicity in vitro. Thus, even if all the tissue SSC after cysteine injection was extracellular it would be below the threshold for toxicity, indicating that SSC is not a main excitotoxin involved in cysteine toxicity.
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10.
  • Abbas, Zareen, 1962, et al. (författare)
  • Size-Dependent Surface Charging of Nanoparticles
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: J of Physical Chemistry C. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1932-7447 .- 1932-7455. ; 112:15, s. 5715-5723
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Experimental interest in the possible curvature dependence of particle charging in electrolyte solutions is subjected to theoretical analysis. The corrected Debye-Hückel theory of surface complexation (CDH-SC) and Monte Carlo (MC) simulation are applied to investigate the dependence of surface charging of metal oxide nanoparticles on their size. Surface charge density versus pH curves for spherical metal oxide nanoparticles in the size range of 1-100 nm are calculated at various concentrations of a background electrolyte. The surface charge density of a nanoparticle is found to be highly size-dependent. As the particle diameter drops to below 10 nm there is considerable increase in the surface charge density as compared with the limiting values seen for particles larger than 20 nm. This increase in the surface charge density is due to the enhanced screening efficiency of the electrolyte solution around small nanoparticles, which is most prominent for particles of diameters less than 5 nm. For example, the surface charge densities calculated for 2 nm particles at 0.1 M concentration are very close to the values obtained for 100 nm particles at 1 M concentration. These predictions of the dependence of surface charge density on particle size by the CDH-SC theory are in very good agreement with the corresponding results obtained by the MC simulations. A shift in the pH value of the point of zero charge toward higher pH values is also seen with a decreasing particle size.
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