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Sökning: LAR1:gu > (2010) > Chalmers tekniska högskola > Lantbruksvetenskap

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2.
  • Brembeck, Helene, 1952, et al. (författare)
  • Exploring Children’s foodscapes
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Proceedings from the 4th International Conference on Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Child and Teen Consumption. June 21-23 2010, Campus Norrköping, Sweden.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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3.
  • Brembeck, Helene, 1952, et al. (författare)
  • Ju mer vi är tillsammans - fyrtiotalisterna och maten
  • 2010
  • Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Mappies, Silvverrävar, det grå guldet, jätteproppen Orvar... Det här är en bok om den stora generationsgruppen fyrtiotalisterna och deras matvanor. Mat betyder alltmer när vi blir äldre, matlagning och måltider är dagens fasta hållpunkter och upptar mer tid av vår vardag än då vi arbetar. Mat är också den del av det svenska hushållets konsumtion som kräver mest energi och belastar miljön mest. Även äldre måste därför äta mer resurssnålt och miljövänligt. God mat och god service, hälsa kvalitet, fritt val, vänner, hållbarhet. En ekvation som inte alltid går ihop. Hur vill generationen egentligen ha det med maten och livet i framtiden? Boken bygger på material som insamlats i samband med projektet ”Den mångdimensionella matkonsumenten” , vid Centrum för komsumtionsvetenskap i Göteborg. Här ges en mer fördjupad och helhetlig bild av några grupper 40-talister och om maten i deras liv. Här överbyggs avståndet mellan mediernas oövervinnerliga äventyrare och vård- och omsorgsforskningen bräckliga, sjuka, utsatta människor i behov av vård, omsorg och beskydd. Boken tar oss med på en matresa från 50-talets Sverige fram till idag. Här växer en bild av generationens matminnen, matens sociala betydelse, hälsa och miljötänkande fram. Berättelserna varvas med tidstypiska recept.
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4.
  • Cronie, Ottmar, 1979 (författare)
  • Different Aspects of Inference for Spatio-Temporal Point Processes
  • 2010
  • Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This thesis deals with inference problems related to the Renshaw-Särkkä growth interaction model (RS-model). It is a continuous time spatio-temporal point process with time dependent interacting marks, in which the immigrationdeath process (a continuous time Markov chain) controls the arrivals of new marked points as well as their potential life-times. The data considered are marked point patterns sampled at fixed time points. First we propose three edge correction methods for discretely sampled (marked) spatio-temporal point processes. These are all based on the idea of placing an approximated expected behaviour of our process at hand (based on simulated realisations) outside the study region, which in turn interacts with the data during the estimation. We study the methods and evaluate them numerically in the context of the RS-model. The parameters related to the development of the marks are estimated using the least-squares approach. Secondly, we propose (approximate) maximum likelihood (ML) estimators for the two parameters of the immigration-death process; the arrival intensity and the death rate. The arrival intensity is assumed to be constant and the death rate is assumed to be proportional to a function of the current mark size of a point. The arrival intensity estimator is constructed to compensate for the (unobserved) individuals arriving and dying between two sampled time points. When assumed that the death rate is constant we can derive the transition probabilities of the immigration-death process. These in turn give us the exact likelihood of its parameter pair. We are able to reduce the likelihood maximisation problem from two dimensions to one dimension. Furthermore, under the condition that the parameter pair lies in some compact subset of the positive part of the real plane, we manage to show the consistency and the asymptotic normality of its ML-estimator under an equidistant sampling scheme. These results are also evaluated numerically.
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5.
  • Deschout, Hendrik, et al. (författare)
  • Straightforward FRAP for quantitative diffusion measurements with a laser scanning microscope
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Optics Express. - 1094-4087. ; 18:22, s. 22886-22905
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Confocal or multi-photon laser scanning microscopes are convenient tools to perform FRAP diffusion measurements. Despite its popularity, accurate FRAP remains often challenging since current methods are either limited to relatively large bleach regions or can be complicated for non-specialists. In order to bring reliable quantitative FRAP measurements to the broad community of laser scanning microscopy users, here we have revised FRAP theory and present a new pixel based FRAP method relying on the photo bleaching of rectangular regions of any size and aspect ratio. The method allows for fast and straightforward quantitative diffusion measurements due to a closed–form expression for the recovery process utilizing all available spatial and temporal data. After a detailed validation, its versatility is demonstrated by diffusion studies in heterogeneous biopolymer mixtures.
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6.
  • Jonasson, Jenny, 1976, et al. (författare)
  • Pixel-based analysis of FRAP data with a general initial bleaching profile
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Journal of Microscopy. - : Wiley. - 0022-2720 .- 1365-2818. ; 239:2, s. 142-153
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Jonasson et al. (2008), we presented a new pixel-based maximum likelihood framework for the estimation of diffusion coefficients from data on fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The main method there, called the Gaussian profile method below, is based on the assumption that the initial intensity profile after photobleaching is approximately Gaussian. In the present paper, we introduce a method, called the Monotone profile method, where the maximum likelihood framework is extended to a general initial bleaching profile only assuming that the profile is a non-decreasing function of the distance to the bleaching centre. The statistical distribution of the image noise is further assumed to be Poisson instead of normal, which should be a more realistic description of the noise in the detector. The new Monotone profile method and the Gaussian profile method are applied to FRAP data on swelling of super absorbent polymers (SAP) in water with a Fluorescein probe. The initial bleaching profile is close to a step function at low degrees of swelling and close to a Gaussian profile at high degrees of swelling. The results obtained from the analysis of the FRAP data are corroborated with NMR diffusometry analysis of SAP with a polyethylene glycol probe having size similar to the Fluorescein. The comparison of the Gaussian and Monotone profile methods is also performed by use of simulated data. It is found that the new Monotone profile method is accurate for all types of initial profiles studied, but it suffers from being computationally slow. The fast Gaussian profile method is sufficiently accurate for most of the profiles studied, but underestimates the diffusion coefficient for profiles close to a step function. We also provide a diagnostic plot, which indicates whether the Gaussian profile method is acceptable or not.
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8.
  • Rodriguez-Saona, C.R., et al. (författare)
  • Color preference, seasonality, spatial distribution and species composition of thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in northern highbush blueberries
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Crop Protection. - : Elsevier BV. - 0261-2194. ; 29:11, s. 1331-1340
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We investigated color preference, seasonal abundance, spatial distribution and species composition of thrips in northern highbush blueberries, Vaccinium corymbosum L, in New jersey (USA). White sticky traps were more attractive to thrips compared with yellow or blue traps. Thrips captures using white sticky traps showed that their flight activity begins 20-30 d after the onset of flowering, with 10, 50 and 90% of trap captures observed at 383, 647 and 1231 degree-day accumulations, respectively (10 degrees C base temperature). Two methods were used to study thrips distribution within a blueberry bush. First, white sticky traps were placed within the bush canopy at three different heights. The highest numbers of thrips were caught on traps in the middle and top one-third of the canopy while the lowest numbers were caught in the bottom one-third. A second method determined the distribution of thrips on the blueberry plant at different heights and phenological stages. The highest numbers of thrips were found on young leaves at lower parts of the canopy, whereas flowers and fruit had fewer thrips and none were found on buds; these thrips were identified as, Scirtothrips ruthveni (88% of adults) and Frankliniella tritici (12%). The distribution of thrips within a blueberry planting was investigated using an evenly-spaced grid of white sticky traps in combination with on bush beating-tray samples. Thrips counts from traps correlated with direct counts on the bush across the entire blueberry field (macro-scale level); however, within the field (micro-scale level), there was no correlation between the number of thrips on traps and on individual bushes near traps. Early in the season, trap counts were higher on bushes closer to the forest, indicative of movement of thrips from wild hosts into blueberry fields. However, this was not the case for direct on bush counts or trap counts for the later part of the season, where there was no clear forest "edge" effect. Percent fruit injury due to thrips feeding was low, and it correlated with thrips counts on bushes but not from counts on traps. Overall, our data show that thrips counts on sticky traps need to be interpreted with care because these numbers weakly correlated with the numbers of thrips on bushes at the micro-scale level and percent fruit injury; however, they can be useful predictors of thrips activity across entire blueberry fields (macro-scale).
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