| 1. |
- Andersson, Roy
(författare)
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Quality-driven logistics
- 2007
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The overall objective of this thesis is to describe and explain how different quality management philosophies can be combined in the supply/demand chain, in order to contribute to its resilience. The analysis is both quantitative and qualitative, based on theory and literature related to TQM, Lean, Agile and Six Sigma, one literature study and three case studies that were performed in companies. The studies are related to four research questions and are presented in four papers. The first research question focuses on similarities and differences between the quality management concepts TQM, Lean and Six Sigma. The findings were that TQM, Six Sigma and Lean have many similarities, but they differ in some areas. For examples Lean addresses process flow and waste, whereas Six Sigma addresses variation and design. The conclusion is that there is a lot to gain if organisations are able to combine these three concepts, as they are complementary. Two case studies and a literature survey supported the findings. The second research question focuses on outcomes in a logistics process if using quality management. The findings were that the quality management approach leads to risks being mitigated, managed and monitored and ensures a more effective, robust and flexible process, very much in line with the Agility philosophy. Solutions for quicker response to customers have also been introduced. The findings were supported by two case studies in seven companies. The third research question focuses on how prepared the transport- and logistics-oriented companies are for the application of quality concepts and quality management philosophy. The findings were that they can be described as being TQM-oriented. The companies do not consider Lean and Six Sigma to be future trends. Focus is on the customer, while they do not focus on variations or removing waste. The findings were supported by a case study in 24 companies. The fourth research question focuses on how quality concepts can contribute to risk control and resilience in an organisation. A combined Lean/Six Sigma approach by using Six Sigma framework and the last phase, Perfection, in the Lean concept, implies that the companies’ resilience, due to their strengthened ability to handle variability, risk management and agility, was improved. The findings were supported by two case studies in seven companies.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Bågander, Linnea
(författare)
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Body of movement : (in)forming movement
- 2017
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In dance many choreographers uses neutral garments not to distract too much from the movement the ”natural” body performs. Still these garments paints the body with color, form, identity and movement qualities. The work exemplifies how the body can extend into materiality and through this it questions the borders of the body not only in form, which is usually the case in fashion design, but also in movement qualities as temporal form. Further it high lightens the importance of awareness of movement qualities in materials of dress as they express the form. The potential of dress in dance is explored in three chapters. For each of these, materials were chosen and arranged in order to provide an additional layer to the movement that the body naturally performs, allowing material to transform the body into various figures of movement. The first part introduces the use of dress in dance and how dress acts with the moving body. The second part explores how movement with the origin in the body can extend spatially and the last part focuses on the materials ability to interpret and materialize the movement. The result of this work suggest that dress has the potential in dance as both choreographic tool and movement quality of equal importance as the movement of a body in a dance performance. Further it intersects the aesthetics of dance, a temporal aesthetic, with the aesthetics of garments, as a form based aesthetic, as it suggests dress as temporal design, allowing dress to create a new body of movement.
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| 4. |
- Börjesson, Anders
(författare)
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Computational Studies of Metal Clusters and Carbon Nanotubes
- 2008
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Carbon nanotubes constitute a promising candidate material in the realisation of nanoscaled electronics. This requires the ability for systematic production of carbon nanotubes with certain properties. This is called selective carbon nanotube growth. Two important aspects related to carbon nanotube growth are investigated in order to shed some light on this issue. First the melting behaviour of nanometer sized iron particles is investigated using molec- ular dynamics simulations. The iron nanoparticles studied are mounted on a porous Al2 O3 substrate in order to mimic the experimental situation during nanotube growth with the chemical vapour deposition method. This showed that the melting temperature of a cluster on a porous substrate may be lower than the melting temperature of a cluster on a flat sub- strate. This means that the catalyst particles used for nanotube growth may be liquid. In association with these studies the role of surface curvature to melting behaviour is explored further. The second presented study concerns the docking of nickel clusters to open single wall carbon nanotube ends. The motivation for this study was the possibility to continue growth of a carbon nanotube by docking of catalyst particles to its end. This work may also be of importance for the creation of electric junctions between carbon nanotubes and metal elec- trodes. This study showed that independent of whether the metal was gently put on the nanotube end or brutally forced to the end, it is the metal that adapts to the nanotube and not vice versa. For forced docking it was seen that carbon might dissolve in to the metal. This was not seen for the gently docked clusters. Carbon dissolution might affect the electronic properties of the metal (carbide) and nanotube-metal junction.
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| 5. |
- Cho, Sung-Woo
(författare)
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Aging and heat-sealing properties of films based on wheat gluten
- 2007
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Recently the research interest of the possibility of using wheat gluten (WG) as packaging material has greatly increased due to its combination of high gas barrier, attractive mechanical, film-forming and renewable properties. The source is also readily available and inexpensive on a worldwide basis. The glycerol-plasticized WG films cast from pH 4 and pH 11 solutions were investigated in order to understand the mechanisms behind the undesired aging. The film prepared from the pH 11 solution was mechanically more stable upon aging than the pH 4 film, which was initially very ductile but turning brittle with time. It was revealed that the protein structure of the pH 4 film was initially less polymerized/aggregated and the polymerization increased during storage but it did not reach the degree of aggregation of the pH 11 film, whereas deamidation was occurred and increased in the pH 11 film. During aging, the pH 4 film lost more mass than the pH 11 film mainly due to migration of glycerol but also due to some loss of volatile mass and the greater plasticizer loss of pH 4 film was presumably due to its initial lower degree of protein aggregation /polymerization. The glycerol migration of cast films exposed to a porous paper was further investigated with respect to pH of cast solution, glycerol content and film thickness since it was the main reason for deterioration of the properties. The opacity was also characterized. The glycerol migration was quantified using GC method in order to determine only glycerol content, but not other volatile substances. Glycerol content did not significantly change the opacity and pH 4 films showed good contact clarity because of less Maillard reaction. Glycerol was extensively migrating to the paper support and the migration seemed to be diffusion controlled. The heat sealability of WG films was investigated, using an impulse-hear sealer. It was observed that the WG films were readily sealable keeping up their integrity. The sealing temperature had a negligible effect on the lap-shear strength, but the peel strength increased with sealing temperature. The lap-shear strength increased with increasing mold temperature and the failure mode changed.
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| 6. |
- Ciszuk, Martin
(författare)
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Silk Weaving in Sweden During the 19th Century : Textiles and texts - An evaluation of the source material
- 2012
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Silk-weaving in Sweden during the 19th century. Textiles and texts - An evaluation of the source material. With the rich material available, 19th century silk-weaving invites to studies on industrialisation processes. The purpose of this licentiate thesis is to present and discuss an empirical material regarding silk production in Sweden in the 19th century, to examine the possibilities and problems of different kinds of materials when used as source materials, and to describe how this material can be systematized and analysed in relation to the perspective of a textile scientific interpretation. The introductory sections of the thesis provide a background to textile research and the subject of textile science. This is followed by an overview of previous research on silk-weaving in Sweden and a historical overview of silk-weaving in Sweden, the Jacquard machine, and the K.A. Almgren Sidenväveri, where large parts of the source material have been preserved. After these overviews, the research material is described and systematized: first the main materials, textiles, machines and other objects, and then the various written sources. By way of conclusion, the empirical material is summarized in a critical discussion where the various groups of materials are evaluated in comparison to one another. A discussion on theory and methodology regarding objects as sources and the use of experience-based knowledge in academic research is developed in connection to the critical discussion. Finally, the potential of the material is demonstrated through a textile example. The presentation is an introduction to the cultural-historical analysis that will follow in the PhD thesis. Here, the empirical material will be analysed through the use of knowledge in handicrafts, which may create new dimensions of silk production in Sweden and the complexity of the industrialisation process.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Dumitrescu, Delia
(författare)
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Relational Textiles for Space Design:design methods and expressions
- 2011
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The emergence of the Smart Textiles field opens possibilities for designers to combine traditional surface fabrication techniques with advanced technology in the design process. When it comes to the field of Smart Textiles as interactive materials for space design, it is essential to understand the identity of the material through design and also to understand the novel expressions being mediated for space. Thus, the purpose of this thesis is to develop knowledge by design on Smart Textiles as materials for architecture and to do so through design. The thesis formulates a research program to frame the design explorations. Thus, Relational Textiles for Space Design is defined as a research program in architecture where the focus lies on developing methods to design interactive textile surfaces using knitted constructions. The program is illustrated by the design projects e.g., Knitted Light, Touching Loops, Designing with Heat and Tactile Glow. As a result of the research, a new methodological framework for interactive textile design is proposed. The framework defines the notions of field and frame of reference for the design. These notions form a method to discuss design variables of relational textile expressions. Based on the design examples, the emerging expressions are described according to the field relations that the interactive textile introduces in space. Thus, expressions of spatialization e.g., reduction, amplification, addition and disassociation are introduced.
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| 9. |
- Ekwall, Daniel
(författare)
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Antagonistic Gateways in the Transport Network in a Supply Chain Perspective
- 2007
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The World Trade Centre terror attack in 2001 changed the world and with it the conditions for logistics world-wide. The aftermath to the attack brought needed attention to the vulnerability of modern supply chains. This vulnerability can in many cases be described as “unwanted effects” in the supply chain, caused by either internal or external forces that create disturbances larger than the supply chain is designed to handle. The disturbance can be unintentional or deliberate and also either legal or illegal. This thesis addresses the problem of deliberately caused (antagonistic) and illegal action against legal logistics. There are basically two types of illegal and antagonistic threats to logistics, theft/sabotage and smuggling. The theft/sabotage problem is directly aimed toward the logistics activities, while smuggling abuses the logistics system for illegal purposes. The reasons behind these problems can vary from case to case as well as the different countermeasures to prevent these problems to occur. This thesis addresses only this problem in the transport network and sees the network as a part of a supply chain. In each part of the transport network there is a certain risk associated with the goods. All these risks together form the total risk for the transport or the transport network. The research in this thesis follows the tradition in logistics to use a system approach to treat the research questions. The system approach also implies a top-down perspective on the system, or in this case the two systems, but the research questions address only the cross-over points between the two systems. The main method for this thesis is deductive. Both primary and secondary data are used to support the deductive and theoretical conclusions. This thesis is also based on the result of five different studies within this topic. The perpetrators’ decision process is the key issue to understanding the usage of antagonistic gateways in the transport network. The preferred risk management approach is therefore contextual instead of statistic, when preventing the usage of antagonistic gateways. In other words, the countermeasures need to be based on an understanding of this decision process, the antagonistic dynamics of potential perpetrators. This understanding is to a large part also an understanding of the context in which the perpetrators act. The difference in perpetrator context is easily described with the difference between regular cargo thieves and ideology-driven perpetrators or terrorists. The thieves are after the monetary value that the cargo represents, therefore they prefer to steal high-value, untraceable and highly demanded products. The ideological perpetrator or terrorist wishes to make a statement with the attack, therefore he will sabotage products, which will give the statement attention and (if possible) understanding for it. If a potential terrorist desires to finance an upcoming terrorist attack by means of cargo theft, the perpetrator will act as a regular cargo thief. This difference in perpetrator context is vital for applying the right type of countermeasures in the transport network. Security against these types of antagonistic threats in the transport network aims to alter the contextual perception of the network and thereby reduce the problem of antagonistic gateways.
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| 10. |
- Eriksson, David, 1982
(författare)
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The Impacts and Requirements of Consumer-Focused New Product Development on Supply Chain Management
- 2011
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this thesis is to explore the impacts and requirements of a consumer-focusednew product development on supply chain management. The issue is examined in a large indepthcase study of the Swedish furniture industry, with one wholesaler as the main casecompany. The case company has changed its business strategy from being product-focused toconsumer-focused. The company has started to develop innovative products that are suppliedwith a postponement strategy. The thesis focuses on how new product development andsupply chain management are connected at the case company, and how the new businessstrategy affects sourcing, manufacturing, inventory, and distribution.Investigations reveal that the consumer-focused new product development resulted in animbalance between demand creation and supply chain management. New productdevelopment is the key process connecting the two management directions. The new businessstrategy increased the amount of stock keeping units, which in combination with the declinein economy in 2008 resulted in a bad alignment between the business strategy and thesourcing system. This, in turn, resulted in inefficient inventory management. The newproducts that were developed have high innovative value, but the value may be lost if theretailers are not able to present the value to the consumers. The distortion of information thatreduces the value is illustrated with a value gaps model that also explains the importance ofdemand creation across the supply chain, in order to fully utilize the potential of the supplychain and new product development. Moreover, a model explaining the outcome of lowversus high collaboration with retailers, and obvious versus obscure product value, wasconstructed, highlighting that consumer perceived value may be lost if the value is obscureand collaboration is low.The impact of the investigated new product development approach on supply chainmanagement is that the supply chain might lose efficiency and effectiveness if the supplychain capabilities to support the new products are not considered. The main requirement is toacknowledge that the partners in the supply chain play an important role, in order to preservethe innovative value of the products and increase demand creation.
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