| 1. |
- Ahmadov, Tarlan, et al.
(författare)
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The transition to a circular economy : different paths for international and non-international micro-manufacturing firms
- 2024
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Ingår i: Discover Sustainability. - Cham : Springer. - 2662-9984. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines how environmental awareness, stakeholder pressure, circular economy orientation and internal barriers influence circular economy practices in international and non-international micro-firms. For this, we utilised fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) using data from 128 micro firms operating in different manufacturing industries in Estonia. Three paths were identified for explaining circular economy practices in internationally operating micro-firms and two paths for explaining it in micro-firms that do not operate internationally. Our results show that understanding the impact of the four before-mentioned aspects can be beneficial for engaging in circular economy efforts in both international and non-international micro-firms. The intricate five pathways (three for international and two for non-international) through which environmental awareness, stakeholder pressure, circular economy orientation,and internal barriers shape circular economy practices in micro-firms, challenging conventional understandings and offering nuanced insights for effective engagement in sustainable business practices. Based on the findings, theoretical and practical implications of this study and directions for future research are discussed.
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| 2. |
- Alabdallah, Abdallah, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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The Concordance Index decomposition : A measure for a deeper understanding of survival prediction models
- 2024
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Ingår i: Artificial Intelligence in Medicine. - Amsterdam : Elsevier B.V.. - 0933-3657 .- 1873-2860. ; 148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Concordance Index (C-index) is a commonly used metric in Survival Analysis for evaluating the performance of a prediction model. In this paper, we propose a decomposition of the C-index into a weighted harmonic mean of two quantities: one for ranking observed events versus other observed events, and the other for ranking observed events versus censored cases. This decomposition enables a finer-grained analysis of the relative strengths and weaknesses between different survival prediction methods. The usefulness of this decomposition is demonstrated through benchmark comparisons against classical models and state-of-the-art methods, together with the new variational generative neural-network-based method (SurVED) proposed in this paper. The performance of the models is assessed using four publicly available datasets with varying levels of censoring. Using the C-index decomposition and synthetic censoring, the analysis shows that deep learning models utilize the observed events more effectively than other models. This allows them to keep a stable C-index in different censoring levels. In contrast to such deep learning methods, classical machine learning models deteriorate when the censoring level decreases due to their inability to improve on ranking the events versus other events.
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| 3. |
- Alonso-Fernandez, Fernando, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Expression Recognition Using the Periocular Region : A Feasibility Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 14th International Conference on Signal Image Technology and Internet Based Systems, SITIS 2018. - Los Alamitos : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781538693858 - 9781538693865 ; , s. 536-541
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the feasibility of using the periocular region for expression recognition. Most works have tried to solve this by analyzing the whole face. Periocular is the facial region in the immediate vicinity of the eye. It has the advantage of being available over a wide range of distances and under partial face occlusion, thus making it suitable for unconstrained or uncooperative scenarios. We evaluate five different image descriptors on a dataset of 1,574 images from 118 subjects. The experimental results show an average/overall accuracy of 67.0/78.0% by fusion of several descriptors. While this accuracy is still behind that attained with full-face methods, it is noteworthy to mention that our initial approach employs only one frame to predict the expression, in contraposition to state of the art, exploiting several order more data comprising spatial-temporal data which is often not available.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Hello human, can you read my mind?
- 2017
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Ingår i: ERCIM News. - Sophia Antipolis Cedex : European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics (ERCIM). - 0926-4981 .- 1564-0094. ; :109, s. 36-37
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- For safety reasons, autonomous vehicles should communicate their intent rather than explicitly invite people to act. At RISE Viktoria in Sweden, we believe this simple design principle will impact how autonomous vehicles are experienced in the future.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Johnn, et al.
(författare)
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The critical role of informed political direction for advancing technology : The case of Swedish marine energy
- 2017
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Ingår i: Energy Policy. - London : Elsevier. - 0301-4215 .- 1873-6777. ; 101, s. 52-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Marine energy technologies can contribute to meeting sustainability challenges, but they are still immature and dependent on public support. This paper employs the Technological Innovation Systems (TIS) framework to analyze the development and diffusion of Swedish marine energy up until 2014. While there were promising device developers, relevant industrial capabilities, and world-class research, the system suffered from weaknesses in several important innovation processes. Finally, the analysis identifies the lack of informed political direction as a critical blocking factor and highlights its connection to domestic market potential. © 2016 Elsevier Ltd
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| 6. |
- Andersson, M., et al.
(författare)
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The mobile–stationary divide in ubiquitous computing environments : Lessons from the transport industry
- 2005
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Ingår i: Information systems management. - Boston, Mass. : Informa UK Limited. - 1058-0530 .- 1934-8703. ; 22:4, s. 65-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emergence of ubiquitous computing offers new possibilities and opportunities for organizations attempting to improve their productivity and effectiveness. in particular, the promises of ubiquitous computing are attractive to organizations such as transport firms, in which coordination of diverse sets of mobile units is central to organizational performance. This article analyzes the use of ubiquitous transport systems in Swedish road haulage firms and discusses the opportunities and challenges for the early adopters. It pays specific attention to the mobile–stationary divide; that is, the set of challenges associated with integration of mobile and stationary people and systems into a seamless computing environment.
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| 7. |
- Andreasson, L, et al.
(författare)
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DIGITAL DIFFERENTIATION, SOFTWARE PRODUCT LINES, AND THE CHALLENGE OF ISOMORPHISM IN INNOVATION: A CASE STUDY
- 2009
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Ingår i: 17th European Conference on Information Systems.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines the adoption of software product line engineering to implement digital differentiation of physical products. The introduction of such software-based variety can typically be challenging for firms innovating within the realm of a manufacturing paradigm. In particular, the mutual dependency between the organization design and product design of new product developing firms may counteract attempts to induce change through software product line engineering. On the basis of innovation theory and the notion of isomorphism, the paper presents a case study of digital differentiation at one of the world’s largest automakers, GlobalCarCorp. Relating to the literatures of software product lines and product families, the contribution of the paper is a lens through which to understand the role of isomorphism in implementing digital differentiation in new product development. In addition, practical implications are derived from this in-depth study.
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| 8. |
- Aramrattana, Maytheewat, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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A Novel Risk Indicator for Cut-In Situations
- 2020
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Ingår i: 2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, ITSC 2020. - Piscataway, NJ : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781728141497 - 9781728141503
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cut-in situations occurs when a vehicle intentionally changes lane and ends up in front of another vehicle or in-between two vehicles. In such situations, having a method to indicate the collision risk prior to making the cut-in maneuver could potentially reduce the number of sideswipe and rear end collisions caused by the cut-in maneuvers. This paper propose a new risk indicator, namely cut-in risk indicator (CRI), as a way to indicate and potentially foresee collision risks in cut-in situations. As an example use case, we applied CRI on data from a driving simulation experiment involving a manually driven vehicle and an automated platoon in a highway merging situation. We then compared the results with time-to-collision (TTC), and suggest that CRI could correctly indicate collision risks in a more effective way. CRI can be computed on all vehicles involved in the cut-in situations, not only for the vehicle that is cutting in. Making it possible for other vehicles to estimate the collision risk, for example if a cut-in from another vehicle occurs, the surrounding vehicles could be warned and have the possibility to react in order to potentially avoid or mitigate accidents.
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| 9. |
- Aramrattana, Maytheewat, et al.
(författare)
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A Simulation Study on Effects of Platooning Gaps on Drivers of Conventional Vehicles in Highway Merging Situations
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation systems (Print). - Piscataway, NJ : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 1524-9050 .- 1558-0016.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Platooning refers to a group of vehicles that--enabled by wireless vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication and vehicle automation--drives with short inter-vehicular distances. Before its deployment on public roads, several challenging traffic situations need to be handled. Among the challenges are cut-in situations, where a conventional vehicle--a vehicle that has no automation or V2V communication--changes lane and ends up between vehicles in a platoon. This paper presents results from a simulation study of a scenario, where a conventional vehicle, approaching from an on-ramp, merges into a platoon of five cars on a highway. We created the scenario with four platooning gaps: 15, 22.5, 30, and 42.5 meters. During the study, the conventional vehicle was driven by 37 test persons, who experienced all the platooning gaps using a driving simulator. The participants' opinions towards safety, comfort, and ease of driving between the platoon in each gap setting were also collected through a questionnaire. The results suggest that a 15-meter gap prevents most participants from cutting in, while causing potentially dangerous maneuvers and collisions when cut-in occurs. A platooning gap of at least 30 meters yield positive opinions from the participants, and facilitating more smooth cut-in maneuvers while less collisions were observed.
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| 10. |
- Aramrattana, Maytheewat, et al.
(författare)
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Dimensions of cooperative driving, ITS and automation
- 2015
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Ingår i: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, Proceedings. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Press. - 9781467372664 ; , s. 144-149
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Wireless technology supporting vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication, allow vehicles and infrastructures to exchange information, and cooperate. Cooperation among the actors in an intelligent transport system (ITS) can introduce several benefits, for instance, increase safety, comfort, efficiency.Automation has also evolved in vehicle control and active safety functions. Combining cooperation and automation would enable more advanced functions such as automated highway merge and negotiating right-of-way in a cooperative intersection. However, the combination have influences on the structure of the overall transport systems as well as on its behaviour. In order to provide a common understanding of such systems, this paper presents an analysis of cooperative ITS (C-ITS) with regard to dimensions of cooperation. It also presents possible influence on driving behaviour and challenges in deployment and automation of C-ITS.
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