| 1. |
- Björkén, Cecilia, 1962-
(författare)
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Into the Isle of Self : Nietzschean Patterns and Contrasts in D. H. Lawrence's The Trespasser
- 1996
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis is based on a close reading of Lawrence's novel The Trespasser from a Nietzschean point of view. By adopting this perspective it aims at giving the novel the sense of unity it has so far been alleged to lack. The analysis is preceded by a detailed discussion of the concept of literary influence. Since the purpose of this study is to illuminate what is unique in Lawrence's novel rather than to claim any derivative use of Nietzsche's thought, the focus is on Lawrence's transformative and dynamic way of adopting Nietzschean themes in his novel. The Trespasser is read in its Edwardian context, with particular attention to the response that Nietzsche's philosophy met with 1900-1910. A separate section is devoted to the presentation of him in the Socialist weekly The New Age in 1908-09. The analysis of The Trespasser is conducted along two partly related lines of thought: the Apollonian-Dionysian dichotomy as it is presented by Nietzsche in The Birth of Tragedy, and the process towards a Dionysian awareness that is put forward in Thus Spoke Zarathustra. As is pointed out in chapter three, the Apollonian-Dionysian contrast is reflected chiefly in the characterization, setting, symbolism, and to some degree also in the action of the novel. In chapter four the actual progression of the plot is dealt with in terms of a Zarathustran journey and the light symbolism associated with it. Moreover, some of Lawrence's early poems are discussed in connection with Nietzschean parallels found in The Trespasser, with a view to emphasizing the pervasive influence of Nietzsche's ideas on the young Lawrence.
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| 2. |
- Brödje, Catrine, 1959-
(författare)
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Ett annat tiotal : En studie i Anna Lenah Elgströms tiotalsprosa
- 1998
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis investigates the literary texts by Elgström in relation to the political, cultural and literary context of the years between 1910 and 1920.Among her contemporaries Elgström was important, but today she is completely unknown. The literary criticism of her time is one of the reasons why her writings have been transferred to the periphery. When she made her début, Elgström was very positively received. After that, the literary critics were not capable of seeing the innovative aspects of her prose of that period and a discussion of incomprehensibility was initiated, in which words like hysterical, extatic and exalted became catchwords. It appears that Elgström created a form of expression that was not yet accepted in literature. The male dominated literary criticism was at a loss and Elgström was ignored.The prose she wrote during the period in question has a distinctly experimental approach. In her literary texts, that are violating the standard conventions, Elgström appears as a female modernist and creates alternative images in the form of feminist and pacifist utopias. Expressionism is the modernist movement that can mainly be related to her prose of this period. Like the expressionists, she expresses a new sense of life which is permeated with religious conceptions.In the study the female modernism is seen in a feminist perspective, as well as in a perspective of gender theory where networks constitute an important basis. Elgström often worked in female networks and thus she became an important figure in the context of female literature and female politics of that time.By showing Elgström's kinship with the nation-wide early Swedish modernism, the Finno-Swedish modernism and the German expressionism, as well as by illustrating Elgström's position in the context of female literature and female politics of that time, the study contributes to a different image of the 1910s.
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| 3. |
- Hammarlund, Karl Gunnar
(författare)
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Barnet och barnomsorgen : Bilden av barnet i ett socialpolitiskt projekt
- 1998
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Swedish child-care institutions - day nurseries, kindergartens - did not until the 1930s become a concern of the Government. In 1943 the Swedish Riksdag for the first time passed a bill that gave child-care institutions a Government subsidy. This thesis deals with the Government's and the parliamentary commissions' attitudes to child-care institutions. Which type of institution ought to receive a subsidy? And for what reasons? The main argument for child-care institutions has always been that they could stimulate a sound development, for the child's own good and for society's. From the 1930s and into the 1950s most participants in the child-care debate stated that the kindergarten or part-time institutions for the pre-school child from the age of three and upwards was the preferable type. Day nurseries for children, even infants, of families were both parents had to work might be necessary but were to be seen as an emergency solution. From the mid-60s the attitu-de changed. Step by step full-time day nurseries became the institutions that were given priority by the Government. This change in attitude presupposes that the notion of the child changed as well. But it did not change in a vacuum. Borrowing an explanatory model from sociologist Johan Asplund, the thesis treats the child as a "figure of thought", placed between a super-structural discourse on child-care and society's basic, material conditions. Important changes at the level of discourse have been the attitude to modern, industrial society, e.g. the necessity of learning to live and work in a society which is complex, highly specialized and in constant change, and the debate on women's emancipation. At the level of material conditions, the most conspicious change is that more and more women have entered the labour market. The changing notion of the child can be understood as the effect of an influence from discourse and base on the "figure of thought". At the same time, the "figure of thought" in-fluenced the discourse. Thus, a child-care system for the benefit of child and woman and labour market could be established, and harmony could be created, at least in the discourse.
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| 4. |
- Jonsson, Magnus, 1969-
(författare)
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High performance fiber-optic interconnection networks for real-time computing systems
- 1999
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Parallel and distributed computing systems become more and more powerful and hence place increasingly higher demands on the networks that interconnect their processors or processing nodes. Many of the applications running on such systems, especially embedded systems applications, have real-time requirements and, with increasing application demands, high-performance networks are the hearts of these systems. Fiber-optic networks are good candidates for use in such systems in the future. This thesis contributes to the relatively unexplored area of fiber-optic networks for parallel and distributed real-time computer systems and suggests and evaluates several fiber-optic networks and protocols. Two different technologies are used in the networks, WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) and fiber-ribbon point-to-point links. WDM offers multiple channels, each with a capacity of several Gbit/s. A WDM star network in which protocols and services are efficiently integrated to support different kinds of real-time demands, especially hard ones, has been developed. The star-of-stars topology can be chosen to offer better network scalability. The WDM star architecture is attractive but its future success depends on components becoming more commercially mature. Fiber-ribbon links, offering instead an aggregated bandwidth of several Gbit/s, have already reached the market with a promising price/performance ratio. This has motivated the development and investigation of two new ring networks based on fiber-ribbon links. The networks take advantage of spatial bandwidth reuse, which can greatly enhance performance in applications with a significant amount of nearest downstream neighbor communication. One of the ring networks is control channel based and not only has support for real-time services like the WDM star network but also low level support for, e.g., group communication. The approach has been to develop network protocols with support for dynamic real-time services, out of time-deterministic static TDMA systems. The focus has been on functionality more than pure performance figures, mostly on real-time features but also on other types of functionality for parallel and distributed systems. Worst-case analyses, some simulations, and case studies are reported for the networks. The focus has been on embedded supercomputer applications, where each node itself can be a parallel computer, and it is shown that the networks are well suited for use in the radar signal processing systems studied. Other application examples in which these kinds of networks are valuable are distributed multimedia systems, satellite imaging and other image processing applications.
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| 5. |
- Rydin, Ingegerd, 1946-
(författare)
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Making sense of TV-narratives : Children's readings of a fairy tale
- 1996
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present study deals with young children's' reading and reception of television fiction. Theoretically, the study is inter-disciplinary, combining text-reader oriented approaches within literature theory and sociocultural approaches within psychology and sociology. A television program within the genre of fairy tales is analyzed by using both narratological andpsychological theoretical frameworks. Issues of intertextuality, dialogism, narrative codes, cinematic and literary conventions are considered in the analysis.Empirically, the study takes a qualitative approach and the process of reception is studied by in-depth interviews of 86 six and eight years old children. The interview is regarded as a social practice or meeting-place between interviewer and informant. This approach has roots in Piaget's early work, in which he employed and developed the methode clinique as well as in Vygotsky's sociocultural psychology. Sociocultural variation is primarily studied by focus on gender and age.One analysis concerns narrative coherence and how the children "hatched the plot". It appeared as if many of the younger children had difficulties in producing a coherent narrative of the program, whereas most of the older children did. The younger children often focused a particular scene or episode. Apart from age, schooling experience is assumed to explain these differences. Another analysis focuses on how children master the narrative codes of the story and the process of identification. The girls seemed to be more emotionally involved in the story and believed it was "real" to a greater degree than the boys. The analysis shows how emotional involvement and identification play a role in the interpretative processes, i.e. how emotion and cognition are interrelated in media reception.Methodological issues are addressed, for example, how drawings can be used in the study of media reception. The children were asked to make drawings in relation to the program, which can be seen as a "different" reading, in which children project what is of subjective importance to them.Cultural dispositions represent another type of sociocultural variation. The older children's literary repertoires and other cultural dispositions were studied in relation to their reconstructions of the television narrative.The dissertation challenges such notions as "children's understanding of television" as a unitary concept and poin,ts to a variety of readings. Finally, the dissertation has implications for media literacy and media education.
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| 6. |
- Taha, Walid, 1971-
(författare)
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Multi-Stage Programming : Its Theory and Applications
- 1999
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- MetaML is a statically typed functional programming language with special support for programgeneration. In addition to providing the standard features of contemporary programminglanguages such as Standard ML, MetaML provides three staging annotations. These staging annotationsallow the construction, combination, and execution of object-programs.Our thesis is that MetaML's three staging annotations provide a useful, theoretically soundbasis for building program generators. This dissertation reports on our study of MetaML's stagingconstructs, their use, their implementation, and their formal semantics. Our results include anextended example of where MetaML allows us to produce ecient programs, an explanation ofwhy implementing these constructs in traditional ways can be challenging, two formulations ofMetaML's semantics, a type system for MetaML, and a proposal for extending MetaML with atype construct for closedness.The dissertation consolidates a number of previous publications by the author, includingMetaML's type systems and big-step semantics. The presentation is new. The proposed solutionto an implementation problem and the reduction semantics for MetaML's three staging constructsare also new.
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