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- Adamsson, Viola, et al.
(författare)
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What is a healthy Nordic diet? : Foods and nutrients in the NORDIET study
- 2012
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Ingår i: Food & Nutrition Research. - Bålsta : SNF Swedish Nutrition Foundation. - 1654-6628 .- 1654-661X. ; 56, s. 18189-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: A healthy Nordic diet (ND), a diet based on foods originating from the Nordic countries, improves blood lipid profile and insulin sensitivity and lowers blood pressure and body weight in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Objective: To describe and compare food and nutrient composition of the ND in relation to the intake of a Swedish reference population (SRP) and the recommended intake (RI) and average requirement (AR), as described by the Nordic nutrition recommendations (NNR). Design: The analyses were based on an estimate of actual food and nutrient intake of 44 men and women (mean age 53 +/- 8 years, BMI 26 +/- 3), representing an intervention arm receiving ND for 6 weeks. Results: The main difference between ND and SRP was the higher intake of plant foods, fish, egg and vegetable fat and a lower intake of meat products, dairy products, sweets and desserts and alcoholic beverages during ND (p<0.001 for all food groups). Intake of cereals and seeds was similar between ND and SRP (p>0.3). The relative intake of protein, fat and carbohydrates during ND was in accordance with RI. Intake of all vitamins and minerals was above AR, whereas sodium intake was below RI. Conclusions: When compared with the food intake of an SRP, ND is primarily a plant-based diet. ND represents a balanced food intake that meets the current RI and AR of NNR 2004 and has a dietary pattern that is associated with decreased morbidity and mortality.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Johansson, Gunnar, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a shift from a mixed diet to a lacto-vegetarian diet on some coronary heart disease risk markers
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bakgrund: The aim of the study was to investigate whether a shift from a mixed diet to a lacto-vegetarian diet would lead to a decreased risk for coronary heart diseases indicated by surrogate markers. Metod: Twenty volunteers participated in the study (4 men and 16 women, mean age 44 years, range 27-61). Clinical examinations were performed, blood samples were drawn and dietary survey, i.e. repeated 24-h recalls were carried out before (0 months) and 3, 6 and 12 months after the dietary change.Resultat: The dietary shift lead to an increase in the intake of total carbohydrates and fiber and a decrease in fat, protein and sucrose. The coronary heart disease risk markers body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and low-density lipoptrotein cholesterol decreased statistically significantly.Sammanfattning: There was a decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other disease risk markers even though the ratio polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids was unchanged indicating that a decreased energy intake is more important than a change in the distribution of fat, carbohydrates and protein. The main finding in this study is that there was a weight loss, sustained for one year, without any recommendation to decrease the energy intake. Thus, this may be the most important effect of choosing a vegetarian diet.
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| 4. |
- Johansson, Gunnar, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a shift from a mixed diet to a lacto-vegetarian diet on some coronary heart disease risk markers
- 2012
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Ingår i: Open Journal of Preventive Medicine. - Irvine, CA : Scientific Research Publishing. - 2162-2477 .- 2162-2485. ; 2:1, s. 16-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background:There is convincing evidence that vegetarians have lower incidence of coronary heart disease, but there is a debate as to why this is the case.Objective:The aim of the study was to investigate whether a shift from a mixed diet to a lacto-vegetarian diet would lead to a decrease in risk for coronary heart diseases indicated by surrogate markers.Design:Twenty volunteers participated in the study (4 men and 16 women, mean age 44 years, range 27 - 61) from a town in western Sweden. Clinical examinations were performed, blood samples were drawn and dietary survey, i.e. repeated 24-h recalls were carried out before (0 months) and 3, 6 and 12 months after the change from a mixed diet to a lacto-vegetarian diet. A dietician educated the volunteers with regard to the vegetarian dietary regimen, organized and taught the vegetarian cooking courses.Results:The dietary shift lead to an increase in the intake of total carbohydrates and fibre and a decrease in fat, protein and sucrose. The coronary heart disease risk markers body weight, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and low-density lipoptrotein cholesterol decreased significantly.Conclusions:There was a decrease in disease risk markers even though the ratio polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acids was unchanged. The main finding in this study is that there was a weight loss, sustained for one year, without any recommendation to decrease the energy intake or any focus on weight reduction.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, Gunnar, 1956-
(författare)
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FaR-receptförskrivning i Halland, en femårstrend 2005-2009
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bakgrund Ett flertal studier visar att "Fysisk aktivitet på Recept" (FaR) är en underutnyttjad metod i vården för behandling och prevention av sjukdomar. Metod Data över antal förskrivna recept på fysisk aktivitet (FaR) åren 2005-2009 erhölls från Hallands läns landsting. Resultat Vid tjugotre vårdcentraler (33 %) skrevs det inte ut ett enda FaR-recept. Vid 42 vårdcentraler (61 %) skrevs det ut 1-9 recept. Vid två vårdcentraler skrevs det ut mer än 100 recept. I medeltal skrevs det ut fem recept per läkare år 2008. Det var en oförändrad trend 2005-2009 över antal förskrivna recept. Sammanfattning Denna rapport visar att FaR är en underutnyttjad metod för behandling och prevention av sjukdomar och att majoriteten av vårdpersonalen inte använder FaR. Det fanns inga tecken på att förskrivningen av FaR-recept ökade under femårsperioden 2005 till 2009.
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Gunnar, 1956-
(författare)
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Kostens betydelse för ett hälsosammare liv
- 2010
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Ingår i: Hälsa och livsstil. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144058405 ; , s. 71-85
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Gunnar, 1956-
(författare)
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Overweight and obesity in Sweden : A five year follow-up, 2004-2008
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - Oslo : Scandinavian University Press. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 38:8, s. 803-809
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The number of overweight and obese persons increased through the 1980s and 1990s in Sweden, for instance for men from 35% in 1980 to 52% in 2007. This study investigated whether this trend continued over the past 5 years, including trends for diet and physical activity.MATERIALS AND METHODS:The sampling frame in these surveys was established from the Swedish National Registry where all people registered in Sweden between 18 and 84 years in 2004 and 16-84 years in 2005-08 were included.RESULTS:There were no changes in the number of overweight (approximately 42% for men and 27% for women) and obese (approximately 11% for both men and women) persons between 2004 and 2008. Approximately 65% of the men and 64% of the women were physically active for an average of 30 minutes per day in 2008. Thirteen percent of women and 5% of men reported consuming at least five servings of fruit and vegetables per day during the 5-year period.CONCLUSIONS:Sweden seems to have reached a steady state regarding overweight and obesity. It would probably be fruitful to further discuss life-style issues, such as diet and physical activity, in the Swedish healthcare system and how to deal with the social gradient.
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| 10. |
- Johansson, Gunnar, 1956-
(författare)
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Sambanden mellan fettintag och hjärt-kärlsjukdom kan vara vilseledande i meta-analyser
- 2014
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Ingår i: Dietistaktuellt. - Degeberga : Dietisternas riksförbund. - 1102-9285. ; 23:6, s. 30-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Meta-analyser formar våra kostråd och de är därför viktiga att analysera. Artikeln diskuterar rimligheten i att relatera en kostkomponent, i detta fall fettsyror, och relatera dessa till sjukdom och död. Reduktionismen och nutritionismen ifrågasätts. Ett komplement till detta synsätt bör finnas med där man studerar mat, livsmedel och kostmönster istället för att relatera sjukdom och död till en kostkomponent. En helhetssyn på livet där hela kosten finns som en del av andra levnadsvanor bör finnas med när man analyserar livsstilsrelaterade och multifaktoriella sjukdomar.
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