| 1. |
- Andersson, S., et al.
(författare)
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The aphasic person's views of the encounter with other people : a grounded theory analysis
- 2002
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. - Oxford : Blackwell. - 1351-0126 .- 1365-2850. ; 9:3, s. 285-292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Notes that being affected by aphasia influences the total life experience. The aim of this study was to generate a theoretical model, from a nursing perspective, of what 12 aphasic persons (aged 28-92 yrs old) experience in encounters with other people. Data were collected through interviews which adopted a biophysical, socio-cultural and psychological approach and then analyzed using grounded theory method. Two main categories emerged, namely: interaction and support. Encountered experiences led to (1) a feeling of having ability, (2) a feeling of being an outsider, and (3) a feeling of dejection or uncertainty. The feeling state was dependent on whether the interaction was obstructed or secure and on whether the support resulted in strengthened or impaired self-esteem. Therefore, nurses need to give support that enhances patients self-esteem and which results in them gaining a positive and realistic view of their aphasia, as well as involving those around them in this perspective. This then will give the possibility for the patient to turn the interaction process from an obstructed into a secure one.
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| 2. |
- Arvidsson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Visions of Future News - Consensus or Conflict?
- 2002
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 25th Information Systems Research Seminar in Scandinavia (IRIS). - : IRIS. ; , s. 25-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The move from print to multimedia will cause changes not only to the form of the news service but also the involved processes in the news organizations. The cooperative scenario building technique is used on a number of groups; end-users, management and media professionals to envisioning the news services of the future. We take the perspective of consensus and conflict to illustrate the identified visions. Firstly, we illuminate conflicts and consensus between the groups, regarding their visions and future use scenarios. Secondly, we show the implications of using the cooperative scenariobuilding technique in relation the consensus and conflict perspectives in cooperative design. We conclude that both consensus and conflicts could be found in the scenarios described in the paper and that the cooperative technique was suitable in this context.
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| 3. |
- Bergman, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Intelligent Monitoring of the Offset Printing Process
- 2004
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Ingår i: Neural Networks and Computational Intelligence - Proceedings. - : ACTA Press. ; , s. 173-178, s. 173-178
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we present a neural networks and image analysis based approach to assessing colour deviations in an offset printing process from direct measurements on halftone multicoloured pictures--there are no measuring areas printed solely to assess the deviations. A committee of neural networks is trained to assess the ink proportions in a small image area. From only one measurement the trained committee is capable of estimating the actual amount of printing inks dispersed on paper in the measuring area. To match the measured image area of the printed picture with the corresponding area of the original image, when comparing the actual ink proportions with the targeted ones, properties of the 2-D Fourier transform are exploited.
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| 4. |
- Bigun, Josef, et al.
(författare)
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Orientation fields filtering by derivates of a Gaussian
- 2003
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Ingår i: Image Analysis. - Berlin : Springer. - 3540406018 ; , s. 307-313, s. 19-27
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We suggest a set of complex differential operators, symmetry derivatives, that can be used for matching and pattern recognition. We present results on the invariance properties of these. These show that all orders of symmetry derivatives of Gaussians yield a remarkable invariance : they are obtained by replacing the original differential polynomial with the same polynomial but using ordinary scalars. Moreover, these functions are closed under convolution and they are invariant to the Fourier transform. The revealed properties have practical consequences for local orientation based feature extraction. This is shown by two applications: i) tracking markers in vehicle tests ii) alignment of fingerprints.
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| 5. |
- Bolse, Kärstin, et al.
(författare)
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Life situation related to the ICD implantation : self-reported uncertainty and satisfaction in Swedish and US samples
- 2002
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 1:4, s. 243-251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to describe changes in the life situation related to the ICD implantation of Swedish and US samples with regard to uncertainty and satisfaction. The life situation was measured by reference to the uncertainty caused by the condition and satisfaction with the life situation. Inferential statistics were used to analyse changes within and between the Swedish and US samples. Uncertainty showed a statistically significant difference between the Swedish and US samples before as well as after the ICD implantation. A higher level of uncertainty was indicated for the US sample prior to the ICD implantation and for the Swedish sample following the implantation. In the Swedish sample, satisfaction with life showed a statistically significant difference within the socio-economic domain, indicating a higher degree of satisfaction 3 months after implantation. Satisfaction within the domains of health and functioning, socio-economics and psychological-spiritual showed a statistically significant difference between the Swedish and US samples both before and after ICD implantation, indicating a higher degree of satisfaction in the US sample. The previous study shows that the ICD-patient's life situation is changed after the implantation and that it is necessary to provide the patient with information and education based on their own preconditions. The fact that US sample was investigated at a later stage after ICD implantation than the Swedish sample may have influenced the results of the study.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Broström, Anders, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Congestive heart failure, spouses' support and the couple's sleep situation : a critical incident technique analysis
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - Oxford : Blackwell Scientific. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 12:2, s. 223-233
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sleep related breathing disorders are common as well as a poor prognostic sign associated with higher mortality in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). These patients often have a shorter total duration of sleep, disturbed sleep structure and increased daytime sleepiness, which can negatively affect all dimensions of the life situation. The spouse has an important role in supporting the patient in relation to sleep disorders, but this role may be adversely affected by the sleep situation of the couple. The aim of this study was to describe decisive situations that influence spouses' support to patients with CHF in relation to the couple's sleep situation. A qualitative descriptive design using critical incident technique was employed. Incidents were collected by means of interviews with 25 spouses of patients with CHF, strategically selected from two hospital-based specialist clinics in southern Sweden. Two main areas emerged in the analysis: support stimulating situations and support inhibiting situations. Support stimulating situations described how spouses' support was positively affected by their own adaptation in psychosocial or practical situations, and receiving help from others. Support inhibiting situations described how the spouses' support was negatively affected by sleep disturbances as a result of the patient's symptoms, anxiety in relation to the disease, limitations as a result of the sleeping habits, dissatisfaction with care related to the sleep situation, and being left to cope alone with the problems. An increased understanding of the stimulating and inhibiting situations influencing spouses' support for patients with CHF can guide health care personnel in deciding if an intervention is needed to improve the sleep situation for patient and spouse.
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| 8. |
- Broström, Anders, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Patients with congestive heart failure and their conceptions of their sleep situation
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - Oxford : Blackwell. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 34:4, s. 520-529
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To describe, from a nursing perspective, how patients with CHF conceived their sleep situation. Background: Sleep disturbances are very common in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). Polysomnographic studies have shown that the total duration of sleep is shorter and the sleep structure disturbed, with frequent arousals and sleep stage changes. Method: A qualitative descriptive design inspired by a phenomenographic approach was employed. Conceptions were collected through interviews with 20 strategically chosen CHF patients. Findings: The findings showed that the patients' sleep was affected by their daily activities, the disease itself and cardiac symptoms. The sleep disturbances gave effects such as fatigue, listlessness, loss of concentration and loss of temper. These effects led to a need for daytime sleep, seclusion, counselling and information. Patients handled their sleep disturbances through coping mechanisms related to developed patterns of daily life and through support from their psychosocial environment. Conclusions: Through an increased awareness of the causes of sleep disturbances in CHF patients, nurses can more effectively meet their caring needs and reduce the psychological stressors that patients develop. Information and education, both to patients and the next of kin, about the disease and the sleep situation, especially good sleeping habits, can help patients to better cope with sleep disturbances.
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| 9. |
- Broström, Anders, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Sleep difficulties, daytime sleepiness, and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0889-4655 .- 1550-5049 .- 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 19:4, s. 234-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Normal sleep changes with age in duration, fragmentation, and depth. The prevalence of insomnia is high in the elderly general population. In patients with chronic heart failure (HF) objective sleep assessments have shown disturbances such as a shorter total duration of sleep, frequent arousals, and sleep stage changes. Objective: To describe self- assessed sleep difficulties, daytime sleepiness, and their relation to health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in men and women with HF, as well as to make a comparison to data from a norm population. Methods: Cross-sectional design including 223 patients with HF, New York Heart Association classification II-IV, assessed using the Uppsala Sleep Inventory-Chronic Heart Failure, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, and Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire. Results: The most commonly reported sleep difficulties were initiating and maintaining sleep. The ratio of habitual sleep to the amount of estimated need for sleep was significantly shorter for women (P < .05), and the number of awakenings per night was significantly increased for men (P < .001). A total of 21% suffered from daytime sleepiness. Patients suffering from difficulties maintaining sleep, initiating sleep, and early morning awakenings reported significantly lower HRQOL in almost all dimensions of the SF-36 (P < .05-P < .001) compared to patients without sleeping difficulties, as well as to the normal population. The disease-specific Minnesota living With Heart Failure Questionnaire showed significantly reduced (P < .05-P < 001) HRQOL as measured by the total and subscale scores for patients suffering from sleeping difficulties compared to patients without sleeping difficulties. Conclusion: Patients with, HF have a reduced HRQOL especially if difficulties maintaining sleep, initiating sleep, and early morning awakenings are involved.
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| 10. |
- Engstrom, BL, et al.
(författare)
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Women's views of counselling received in connection with breast-feeding after reduction mammoplasty
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 32:5, s. 1143-1151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to generate a theoretical model of the experiences of women, who had undergone reduction mammoplasty, of counselling received in connection with breast-feeding. Data were collected through interviews with 12 breast-reduced women who had given birth to a child, and the material was analysed by means of the grounded theory method. Written permission to post notices at the child welfare centres had been obtained from the primary care managers. The women themselves applied for participation in the study. The results showed that their need for counselling from somebody who listened attentively to them and gave advice in connection with breast-feeding, was considerable. The women could have a feeling of self-reliance, ambivalence, acceptance or guilt, depending on the extent to which they perceived to have received counselling from their family members. At the same time, their experiences of the encounter with the nursing staff were of crucial importance. Lack of active listening and counselling from the nursing staff can be counterbalanced by support from relatives. However, when such support is not forthcoming, the nursing staff must be able to support the women in their role of a mother, which requires that education and supervision are given to the staff. The findings of the study can be used as a basis for further research into the need for support of the families concerned.
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