| 1. |
- Ahlborg, Tone, 1950, et al.
(author)
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Assessing the quality of the dyadic relationship in first-time parents: development of a new instrument.
- 2005
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In: Journal of family nursing. - Thousand Oaks, Calif. : SAGE Publications. - 1074-8407 .- 1552-549X. ; 11:1, s. 19-37
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this research was to psychometrically evaluate the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), modified for use with new, first-time parents by extending the items of communication, sensuality, and sexuality. A total of 820 Swedish respondents, 6 months after the birth of their first child, participated in the study. Psychometric evaluation was conducted with factor analysis. The obtained factor structure was tested with multitrait analysis program. Thirty-three items were found to fit into a five-factor solution, explaining 50% of the total variance. Descriptive data revealed that most new parents were satisfied with their intimate relationship in general, but dissatisfied with their sexual lives. The modified DAS, now called the Quality of Dyadic Relationship Instrument includes 33 items and seems to be a useful, updated measurement for assessing quality of the intimate relationship in new first-time parents.
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| 2. |
- Amirahmadi, S. F., et al.
(author)
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Arthritogenic anti-type II collagen antibodies are pathogenic for cartilage-derived chondrocytes independent of inflammatory cells
- 2005
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In: Arthritis and Rheumatism. - : Wiley. - 0004-3591 .- 1529-0131. ; 52:6, s. 1897-1906
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Some monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to type II collagen (CII) are arthritogenic upon passive transfer to mice. We undertook this study to investigate whether such mAb are pathogenic in the absence of mediators of inflammation. METHODS: The arthritogenic mAb CIIC1 and M2139, and the nonarthritogenic mAb CIIF4, each reactive with a distinct and well-defined conformational epitope on CII, were compared with control mAb GAD6. Bovine chondrocytes were cultured with one of the mAb, and on days 3, 6, and 9, antibody binding by chondrocytes and newly synthesized extracellular matrix (ECM) was examined by immunofluorescence, morphologic effects were studied by electron microscopy, and synthesis of matrix components was determined by metabolic labeling with (3)H-proline for collagen and (35)S-sulfate for proteoglycans. RESULTS: All 3 mAb to CII bound to the matrix. CIIC1 and M2139 adversely affected the cultures, whereas CIIF4 did not. CIIC1 caused disorganization of CII fibrils in the ECM without affecting chondrocyte morphology, and increased matrix synthesis. M2139 caused thickening and aggregation of CII fibrils in the ECM and abnormal chondrocyte morphology but matrix synthesis was unaffected. CONCLUSION: The unique arthritogenic capacity of particular anti-CII mAb upon passive transfer could be explained by their adverse, albeit differing, effects in primary cultures of chondrocytes. Such effects occur independent of inflammation mediators and are related to the epitope specificity of the mAb. Interference with the structural integrity of CII could precede, and even initiate, the inflammatory expression of disease.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, M., et al.
(author)
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The mobile–stationary divide in ubiquitous computing environments : Lessons from the transport industry
- 2005
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In: Information systems management. - Boston, Mass. : Informa UK Limited. - 1058-0530 .- 1934-8703. ; 22:4, s. 65-79
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The emergence of ubiquitous computing offers new possibilities and opportunities for organizations attempting to improve their productivity and effectiveness. in particular, the promises of ubiquitous computing are attractive to organizations such as transport firms, in which coordination of diverse sets of mobile units is central to organizational performance. This article analyzes the use of ubiquitous transport systems in Swedish road haulage firms and discusses the opportunities and challenges for the early adopters. It pays specific attention to the mobile–stationary divide; that is, the set of challenges associated with integration of mobile and stationary people and systems into a seamless computing environment.
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| 4. |
- Arvidsson, Barbro, et al.
(author)
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Factors influencing nurse supervisor competence : a critical incident analysis study
- 2005
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In: Journal of Nursing Management. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 13:3, s. 231-7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of the study was to identify factors related to critical incidents that influence the competence of nurse supervisors. Nurse supervisors require considerable competence in order to help supervisees to reflect on their clinical work and to interpret the needs of the patient. A qualitative approach involving the critical incident technique was used. Critical incidents were collected by means of self-reports from 25 nurse supervisors. Two main areas emerged: a professional and a personal stance. The professional stance described the nurse supervisors’ awareness of the importance of creating a secure learning environment and facilitating reflection. The supervisors structured the material and created awareness of fundamental nursing values. The second main area, personal stance, described the nurse supervisors’ behaviour when they gave the participating nurses the opportunity to work through the experiences gained in the daily provision of nursing care. Although they experienced lack of self-assurance during the supervision session, they also expressed security regarding their own performance as nurse supervisors. Nurse supervisors need to include more nursing theory and focus on the nursing process as well as being aware of their own shortcomings and resources. One way for the supervisior to scrutinize his/her actions is to discuss and examine them with a more experienced nurse supervisor colleague.
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| 5. |
- Arvidsson, Barbro, et al.
(author)
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Patients' perceptions of drug dispensing in a rheumatological in-patient unit
- 2005
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In: Musculoskeletal Care. - London : John Wiley & Sons. - 1478-2189 .- 1557-0681. ; 3:4, s. 213-223
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction:The dispensing of drugs in medical care systems is, in most countries, strictly regulated, and nurses are responsible for distributing drugs to in-patients.Aim:To describe the perceptions of patients with rheumatic diseases regarding traditional drug dispensing during in-patient care and rehabilitation in a specialized rheumatological care unit.Method:Twenty in-patients who stayed in the Spenshult Hospital unit for 3-4 weeks and who were on continuous medication were chosen for the study. The phenomenographic approach was used for the collection and analysis of data.Findings:Three descriptive categories emerged - Relief, Active Participation and Dependence. These descriptive categories comprised: three perceptions for Relief (to experience security, to be served, to dare to bother), two for Active Participation (to rely on one's own ability, to search for knowledge) and two for Dependence (lack of independence, lack of information).Conclusion:The patients experienced relief due to the nurse assuming responsibility for the medication and its dispensation. Patients expressed a wish to be more active in the management of their medication, as they trusted their own ability. The patients articulated that they were dependent on the nurse to give them the correct medication and they also asked for more information about their medication.
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| 6. |
- Axelsson, Åsa B., et al.
(author)
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Good and bad experiences of family presence during acute care and resuscitation. What makes the difference?
- 2005
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In: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 4:2, s. 161-169
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Family presence (FP) in the resuscitation room is still controversial, and its appropriateness for patient and family has been discussed. We examined both positive and negative experiences in order to establish the reasons for the difference.Aim: The aim of the present literature review was to describe patients', relatives' and staff's opinions and experiences of FP during invasive procedures and resuscitation.Method: 12 original papers, published between January 1995 and February 2003, were reviewed. Most patients and relatives agreed that they had positive experiences of FP. They described how FP enhanced the feeling of support and connectedness within the family. Family members believed that FP helped them in their grieving process. Most staff members without FP experience felt that FP would increase the risk of psychological distress for the family. Those who had participated in an FP programme believed that FP was not only beneficial for the family but also for staff.Conclusion: Family presence during resuscitation and acute care has the potential to enhance the care of the patient and to benefit everyone involved. However, implementation of FP during resuscitation must take account of potential problems.
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| 7. |
- Babich, M. V., et al.
(author)
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Quasi periodic vortex structures in two-dimensional flows in an inviscid incompressible fluid
- 2005
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In: Russian journal of mathematical physics. - New York : John Wiley & Sons. - 1061-9208 .- 1555-6638. ; 12:2, s. 121-156
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We consider a two-dimensional steady motion of an inviscid incompressible fluid described by the equation &UDelta; u(x,y) = F(u(x,y)), where u(x,y) is the streamfunction, &UDelta; is the Laplace operator, and F((.)) an arbitrary function measuring the flow vorticity. Apparently, until now, the only way to treat an equation of the above type with nontrivial function F analytically is to use the algebro-geometric method for integrable equations. In particular, we investigate the Cosh-Laplace equation (ChL) &UDelta; u(x,y) = ± 4cosh(u(x,y)) by means of the special technique of finite-gap integration, which allows us to obtain real solutions of the ChL equation by using a Riemann surface with appropriate symmetry. We study the first nontrivial case corresponding to a Riemann surface of genus g = 3. The hydrodynamical interpretation of finite-gap solutions is meaningful, and we try to understand the fluid processes described by these solutions. To this end, we take a Riemann surface with additional symmetry properties. We present four five-parameter families of exact solutions. These solutions are given in terms of Jacobi elliptic functions, which enables us to directly investigate the relevant properties. We also find explicit formulas for the lines of singularity. It is of interest from the point of view of algebraic geometry that the structure of the theta divisor can be described.
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| 8. |
- Bajtner, Estelle, et al.
(author)
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Chronic development of collagen-induced arthritis is associated with arthritogenic antibodies against specific epitopes on type II collagen
- 2005
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In: Arthritis Research & Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1478-6362 .- 1478-6354. ; 7, s. R1148-R1157
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Antibodies against type II collagen (CII) are important in the development of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and possibly also in rheumatoid arthritis. We have determined the fine specificity and arthritogenicity of the antibody response to CII in chronic relapsing variants of CIA. Immunization with rat CII in B10.Q or B10.Q(BALB/cxB10.Q)F2 mice induces a chronic relapsing CIA. The antibody response to CII was determined by using triple-helical peptides of the major B cell epitopes. Each individual mouse had a unique epitope-specific response and this epitope predominance shifted distinctly during the course of the disease. In the B10.Q mice the antibodies specific for C1 and U1, and in the B10.Q(BALB/cxB10.Q)F2 mice the antibodies specific for C1, U1 and J1, correlated with the development of chronic arthritis. Injection of monoclonal antibodies against these epitopes induced relapses in chronic arthritic mice. The development of chronic relapsing arthritis, initially induced by CII immunization, is associated with an arthritogenic antibody response to certain CII epitopes.
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| 9. |
- Bergman, Bodil, et al.
(author)
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Moving away from facades : in-depth interviews with subjectively healthy women diagnosed with distress
- 2005
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In: Qualitative Research in Psychology. - London : Sage Publications. - 1478-0887 .- 1478-0895. ; 2:2, s. 169-183
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives:To gain a deeper understanding of why women, diagnosed with mental distress, reported good physical and mental health. What could the reason be and how did they feel four to five years later?Method: In-depth interviews were conducted with seven women; age 33 to 52, who worked in a Swedish male-dominated industry. The methodological approach relied on grounded theory.Results:A conceptual model was generated in the analysis, describing a temporal process of change in the women's self-image. Three core concepts illuminated this process:(1) maintaining an ideal self-image, (2) waking up/reappraising health and (3) struggling for a realistic self. The women were moving away from facades of meeting social expectations and pleasing others toward trusting and setting boundaries for themselves. Moving away from symptoms such asasthma, migraine and infections, as well as family problems, they felt and hoped that they had more control over their lives.Conclusions:A conceptual model was proposed to illustrate a temporal change in women's self-image related to their changing perception of health. Women's newway of life challenges the support system within organizations and society.
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| 10. |
- Bergman, Lars, et al.
(author)
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Unsupervised colour image segmentation applied to printing quality assessment
- 2005
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In: Image and Vision Computing. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0262-8856 .- 1872-8138. ; 23:4, s. 417-425
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present an option for colour image segmentation applied to printing quality assessment in offset lithographic printing by measuring an average ink dot size in halftone pictures. The segmentation is accomplished in two stages through classification of image pixels. In the first stage, rough image segmentation is performed. The results of the first segmentation stage are then utilized to collect a balanced training data set for learning refined parameters of the decision rules. The developed software is successfully used in a printing shop to assess the ink dot size on paper and printing plates.
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