| 1. |
- Araujo, Hugo, et al.
(författare)
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Connected Automated Driving : A Model-Based Approach to the Analysis of Basic Awareness Services
- 2020
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Ingår i: 2020 IEEE 31st Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications. - Piscataway : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781728144900 ; , s. 1-7
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cooperative awareness basic services are key components of several Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAV) functions. We present a rigorous approach to the analysis of cooperative awareness basic services in a CAV setup. Our approach addresses a major challenge in the traditional analysis techniques of such services, namely, coming up with effective scenarios that can meaningfully cover their various behaviours, exercise the limits of these services and come up with a quantitative means for design-space exploration.Our approach integrates model-based testing and search-based testing to automatically generate scenarios and steer the scenario generation process towards generating inputs that can lead to the most severe hazards. Additionally we define other objectives that maximise the coverage of the model and the diversity of the generated test inputs. The result of applying our technique to the analysis of cooperative awareness services leads to automatically generated hazardous scenarios for parameters that abide by the ETSI ITS-G5 vehicular communications standard. We show that our technique can be used as an effective design-space exploration method and can be used to design adaptive protocols that can mitigate the hazards detected through our initial analysis. © 2020 by IEEE
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| 2. |
- da Costa, Luis Antonio L. F., et al.
(författare)
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Poster: SafeSmart - A VANET system for efficient communication for emergency vehicles
- 2020
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Ingår i: IFIP Networking 2020 Conference and Workshops June 22-25, 2020 - Paris, France. - Piscataway : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9783903176287 - 9781728167107 ; , s. 643-645
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- One important use case for Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are applications related to emergency vehicles (EV). V2I (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure) communication can provide the infrastructure and protocol stack necessary to establish a communication channel between the transceivers in the EVs and the ones in the traffic lights, reducing accident risks and also help save valuable time. This paper outlines the system design of an EV warning system that makes use of V2I communication. A prototype of the system has been tested in a traffic simulation environment including EVs and traffic lights. To evaluate the system we performed a simulation and conducted a performance comparison between the travel times for EVs in normal traffic and when the system is in use. © 2020 IFIP.
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| 3. |
- Delooz, Quentin, et al.
(författare)
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Revisiting Message Generation Strategies for Collective Perception in Connected and Automated Driving
- 2020
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Collective perception enables vehicles to exchange pre-processed sensor data and is being standardized as a 2nd generation V2X communication service. The European standardization in ETSI foresees the exchange of detected objects and defined a dedicated message type (Collective Perception Message, CPM) with rules to decide when and with which objects the message should be generated, referred to as generation rules. The choice of these rules is not straightforward and influences both channel load and perception quality. For the object inclusion, ETSI currently follows a similar policy as for the generation of Cooperative Awareness Messages (CAM): The objects are filtered based on their dynamics. We regard this approach as conservative. The present paper revisits the generation rules for the CPM and applies two approaches for object inclusion to the CPM -- the conservative strategy of ETSI and a more 'greedy' strategy. We assess the performance by discrete-event simulations in a scenario representing a city with realistic vehicle densities and mobility patterns. The simulations take into account the effects imposed by decentralized congestion control. Considering that ETSI currently follows the conservative strategy, we conclude that the application of a greedy strategy improves the perception quality in low-density scenarios.
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| 4. |
- Evdokimova, Ekaterina, et al.
(författare)
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Internet Provisioning in VANETs : Performance Modeling of Drive-Thru Scenarios
- 2020
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Ingår i: IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation systems (Print). - Piscataway, NJ : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1524-9050 .- 1558-0016. ; 21:7, s. 2801-2815
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Drive-thru-Internet is a scenario in cooperative intelligent transportation systems (C-ITSs), where a road-side unit (RSU) provides multimedia services to vehicles that pass by. Performance of the drive-thru-Internet depends on various factors, including data traffic intensity, vehicle traffic density, and radio-link quality within the coverage area of the RSU, and must be evaluated at the stage of system design in order to fulfill the quality-of-service requirements of the customers in C-ITS. In this paper, we present an analytical framework that models downlink traffic in a drive-thru-Internet scenario by means of a multidimensional Markov process: the packet arrivals in the RSU buffer constitute Poisson processes and the transmission times are exponentially distributed. Taking into account the state space explosion problem associated with multidimensional Markov processes, we use iterative perturbation techniques to calculate the stationary distribution of the Markov chain. Our numerical results reveal that the proposed approach yields accurate estimates of various performance metrics, such as the mean queue content and the mean packet delay for a wide range of workloads. © 2019 IEEE.
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| 5. |
- Giambene, G., et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of V2V Sidelink Communications for Platoon Applications
- 2020
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today's vehicles are expected to interact with each other to improve road safety and efficiency. We refer here to the LTE-V standard defined by 3GPP Release 14. In particular, we consider the platoon scenario where a vehicle, acting as a leader, coordinates the movement of a group of vehicles. LTE-V Mode 3 is assumed where the eNB has the control of the allocation of V2V transmission resources to the platoon. V2V communications adopt the underlay mode, reusing the resources of common cellular users. This paper provides an analytical model to determine the V2V link outage probability, the Cooperative Awareness Message (CAM) loss probability after a generic number of reattempts, and the mean number of transmission attempts to deliver the CAM message successfully, taking shadowing correlation effects into account. This model has been validated using simulations. © 2020 IEEE.
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| 6. |
- Lyamin, Nikita, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Age-of-Information-Aware Decentralized Congestion Control in VANETs
- 2020
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Ingår i: IEEE Networking Letters. - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE. - 2576-3156. ; 2:1, s. 33-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Decentralized Congestion Control (DCC) is one the central components of inter-vehicular communications protocol stack enabling Cooperative Intelligent Transportation System (C-ITS). In this letter we first present an analytical framework that allows to tune parameters of the DCC algorithm specified by ETSI. Then we suggest two approaches to optimize the DCC configuration using our framework. Finally, we evaluate the performance of the proposed approaches using detailed simulation experiments. We demonstrate that proposed approaches are able to control channel busy ratio stably, while proposed analytical model precisely estimates application level metrics. © 2019 IEEE
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| 7. |
- Marinho, Marco A. M., 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Non-Line-of-Sight Based Radio Localization With Dual-Polarization Antenna Arrays
- 2020
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Ingår i: WSA 2020. - Berlin : VDE Verlag GmbH. - 9783800752003
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work presents an approach for radio-based localization in non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environments by leveraging a dual-polarization antenna array. By estimating the polarization of the received signal, it is possible to estimate the angle of reflection of a NLOS signal. An estimate of the position of the transmitter concerning the receiver can be obtained based on a joint estimation of the reflection angle of several NLOS signals together with their respective directions of arrival (DOAs) and time differences of arrival (TDOAs). A set of numerical simulations is used to assess the performance of the proposed method. © VDE VERLAG GMBH. Berlin. Offenbach
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| 8. |
- Marques Marinho, Marco Antonio, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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GNSS Aided Non-Line-of-Sight Radio Localization via Dual Polarized Arrays
- 2020
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Ingår i: WiP Proceedings of the International Conference on Localization and GNSS (ICL-GNSS 2020). - Aachen : Rheinisch-Westfaelische Technische Hochschule Aachen.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work presents a radio based localization approach that is capable of accurately positioning radio emitters even when no direct line-of-sight signal is available. A dual polarized array is employed along with the space alternating generalized expectation maximization (SAGE) algorithm. To lighten the computational load and improve the accuracy of the proposed method, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) positioning is used to initialize and limit the search area of SAGE. A set of numerical simulations is presented, highlighting the performance of the proposed method. © 2020 for this paper by its authors.
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| 9. |
- Marques Marinho, Marco Antonio, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Spherical Wave Array Based Positioning for Vehicular Scenarios
- 2020
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - Piscataway, N.J. : IEEE. - 2169-3536. ; 8, s. 110073-110081
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Smart vehicles are emerging as a possible solution for multiple concerns in road traffic, such as mobility and safety. This work presents radio localization methods based on simultaneous direction of arrival (DOA), time-delay, and range estimation using the SAGE algorithm. The proposed methods do not rely on external sources of information, such as global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). The proposed methods take advantage of signals of opportunity and do not require the transmission of location-specific signals; therefore, they do not increase the network load. A set of simulations using synthetic and measured data is provided to validate the proposed methods, and the results show that it is possible to achieve accuracy down to decimeter and centimeter-level. © 2013 IEEE.
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| 10. |
- Molinaro, Antonella, et al.
(författare)
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5G-V2X Communications and Networking for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles
- 2020
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Ingår i: Future Internet. - Basel : MDPI. - 1999-5903. ; 12:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the last decade, there has been a surge in interest in connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) and related enabling technologies in the fields of communication, automation, computing, sensing, and positioning [...]
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