| 1. |
- Adam, Christina, et al.
(författare)
-
Quality of nursing care as perceived by cancer patients : A cross-sectional survey in four European countries
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of B.U.ON.. - 1107-0625. ; 22:3, s. 777-782
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To explore and compare cancer patients' perceptions on the quality of nursing care in four European countries. Methods: Data were collected in Cyprus, Finland, Greece and Sweden. The sample comprised 596 hospitalized cancer patients. The quality of nursing care was measured using the “Oncology Patients' Perceptions of the Quality of Nursing Care Scale” (OPPQNCS). Patient characteristics were also collected. Analysis of variance was used to examine the effects of country on the perceptions of the quality of nursing care. Results: Patients' age ranged from 18 to 86 years, and 58% were male. The comparison of cancer patients' perceptions regarding the quality of nursing care between the four countries showed a statistically significant difference in the total OPPQNCS scores (p<0.001) as well as in the subscales responsiveness (p<0.001), individualization (p<0.001), coordination (p<0.001) and proficiency (p<0.001). The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the OPPQNCS ranged between 0.89 and 0.95. A multivariate analysis of variance for the OPPQNCS controlled by respondents' demographic characteristics revealed that only the patient's country was significantly related with the patients' perceptions of quality care. Conclusion: Quality of nursing care as perceived by cancer patients was high, but differed between the four countries. The impact of the clinical status of cancer patients on the quality of nursing care and managerial factors such as staffing/nursing care delivery models that influence the ability of nurses to offer high quality care should also be explored by more focused studies.
|
|
| 2. |
- Archila Bustos, Maria Francisca, et al.
(författare)
-
A pixel level evaluation of five multitemporal global gridded population datasets : a case study in Sweden, 1990-2015
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Population and environment. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0199-0039 .- 1573-7810. ; 42, s. 255-277
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human activity is a major driver of change and has contributed to many of the challenges we face today. Detailed information about human population distribution is fundamental and use of freely available, high-resolution, gridded datasets on global population as a source of such information is increasing. However, there is little research to guide users in dataset choice. This study evaluates five of the most commonly used global gridded population datasets against a high-resolution Swedish population dataset on a pixel level. We show that datasets which employ more complex modeling techniques exhibit lower errors overall but no one dataset performs best under all situations. Furthermore, differences exist in how unpopulated areas are identified and changes in algorithms over time affect accuracy. Our results provide guidance in navigating the differences between the most commonly used gridded population datasets and will help researchers and policy makers identify the most suitable datasets under varying conditions.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bolmsjö, Gunnar, 1955-
(författare)
-
Reconfigurable and Flexible Industrial Robot Systems
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Advances in robotics & automation. - : OMICS international. - 2168-9695. ; 3
-
Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper presents a concept for reconfigurable and flexible robot systems. To reach a technology readiness level where solutions and results can be implemented in industry, the focus in this work is on systems with limited number of robots, and work scenarios which are reasonable complex but hard to automate using standard solutions.Four distinct areas have been identified as important within the concept and further studies: (i) human machine interaction, (ii) safety including collaboration, (iii) programming and deployment, and (iv) planning and scheduling. Feasibility studies have been made which addressed issues (ii) and (iii), in scenarios with collaboration between robot and human, or between two robots. For the chosen work scenario, manufacturing of structures in wood for family houses, challenges related to programming and safety was identified and possible solutions outlined.The concept and the studies indicate that feasible solutions can be found and designed given a reasonable consistent work processes and products. In this study, the processes are similar, nailing and screwing but different sizes may apply, the material is similar but variations may apply, and the construction is different of each product, but include the same type of operations at different locations. Our study confirm that human collaboration improves the ability to implement and use robots as it make it possible to move some operations to the human which otherwise would add to the complexity of the system. Furthermore, programming can also I general be simplified although methods for automatic programming has been tried out. But in some cases, the solution space is limited and the ability to move certain operations to a human simplifies the programming task. However, further work needs to be done in this area specifically related to safety issues for safe collaboration.
|
|
| 4. |
- Borgström, Åsa, 1971, et al.
(författare)
-
Young People with Intellectual Disabilities and Social Media : A Literature Review and Thematic Analysis
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Disability Research. - : Stockholm University Press. - 1501-7419 .- 1745-3011. ; 21:1, s. 129-140
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim of this review is to identify and analyse the research findings in the field of young people with intellectual disabilities and social media.Method: Twelve peer-reviewed papers published in well-established and recognized journals between 2001 and 2017 were identified from electronic database searches (Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar), the Internet (Facebook) and correspondence with experts.Results: Six topics were identified through thematic analysis of the texts: opportunities, risk and vulnerability, sexuality, identity, barriers and support.Conclusion: The latest research on young people with intellectual disabilities is characterized by issues of risk, vulnerability and support. The concept of positive risk-taking is suggested for the development of methodological approaches in practice and research. Furthermore, vulnerability, online and offline activities and identity formation should be examined more closely, and there is a call for new research methods in this area, for example observations and netnography.
|
|
| 5. |
- Boström, Lena, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
-
På spaning efter fritidshemmets didaktik
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Acta Didactica Norden. - : University of Oslo Library. - 2535-8219. ; 16
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Didaktik som teori och forskningsområde i relation till undervisning är vedertaget inom många discipliner (exempelvis naturvetenskap och förskolepedagogik) men inte för fritidspedagogik. Trots detta ska studenter på grundlärarprogrammet med inriktning fritidshem uppfylla ett av examensmålen som explicit uttrycker kunskaper om didaktik och ämnesdidaktik inom det fritidspedagogiska området. Därtill är forskningen ganska osynlig. Denna studie lyfter fram hur didaktik explicit behandlats i både vetenskapliga artiklar och forskningsbaserad litteratur med inriktning mot fritidshem. Syftet med litteraturöversikten är att a) identifiera och beskriva fokus och inriktning i åren 2000–2021, b) jämföra, diskutera och problematisera resultaten, samt c) peka ut framtida forskningsinriktningar. Metoden är en systematisk litteraturöversikt (SLR) med en kvalitativ och kvantitativ innehållsanalys. Resultaten visar att intresset för och med-vetenheten om didaktikbegreppet har vuxit fram de senaste tio åren och att de allra flesta texterna utgår från en kvalitativ ansats med diskuterande, argumenterande och reflekt-erande analyser. Ett mindre antal studier bygger på empiriska underlag. Innehålls-mässigt fångar studierna några av de traditionella didaktiska begreppen såsom läraren, ledarskap, ämnesdidaktik, men även olika teoretiska utgångspunkter. Användningen av begreppet didaktik i fritidshemmet pekar på att området behöver utvecklas, att didaktik-begreppet används i förhållande till fritidshemmets verksamheter och att det nyttjas som tolkningsram för empiriskt material. Studien påvisar förvisso medvetenheten om olika didaktiska aspekter, men det saknas studier som införlivar den didaktiska komplexi-teten.
|
|
| 6. |
- Chatchumni, Manaporn, et al.
(författare)
-
A Scoping Review of Pain Management Education Programs (PMEPs) : Do They Prepare Nurses to Deal with Patients' Postoperative Pain?
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Pain Research & Management. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1203-6765 .- 1918-1523.
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is a report of a scoping review undertaken to obtain an overview of studies conducted on pain management education programs (PMEPs). The aim of this review was to describe existing research publications relating to PMEP to map how pain management practice training might directly influence surgical nurses in contributing to successful pain outcomes in patients. The initial search of electronic databases identified 40 articles according to the inclusion criteria and search strategy, which applied the following terms: ("Pain management education program") AND ∗ OR ∗ ("Nurses") AND ∗ OR ∗ ("Patient outcomes") AND ∗ ("Mixed methods"). Titles, abstracts, and keywords were also searched for the term "Nurse education." After applying exclusion criteria, five relevant peer-reviewed articles were eventually selected for the final charting of the data. The search included articles published between January 2015 and March 2019. The results show that PMEPs employ a variety of computer-based simulation, web-based facilitation, and video materials based on an evidence-based approach in their syllabuses. PMEPs were shown to enhance practice by promoting improved skills in critical thinking, leadership, patient management, and health promotion. Additionally, these programs promote an ability to practice across a variety of inpatient and outpatient settings, wherein nurses' engagement in managing patients' pain increased after completing the PMEP. Research within PMEP indicates that these programs may contribute to promoting opportunities for new collaborations within multidisciplinary team projects. Additionally, further research initiatives are needed to explore various aspects of these programs to enhance the nursing skills required for effective pain management, such as computer-based simulation, web-based facilitation, and video materials. Moreover, research relating to PMEPs in low- and middle-income countries is scarce and warrants further study.
|
|
| 7. |
- Emilsson, Maria, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
-
The Influence of personality traits and beliefs about medicines on adherence to asthma treatment
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Primary Care Respiratory Journal. - : Strategic Medical Pub. - 1471-4418 .- 1475-1534. ; 20:2, s. 141-147
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim:To explore the influence of personality traits and beliefs about medicines on adherence to treatment with asthma medication.Methods:Respondents were 35 asthmatic adults prescribed controller medication. They answered questionnaires about medication adherence, personality traits, and beliefs about medicines.Results:In gender comparisons, the personality traits “Neuroticism” in men and “adherence to medication” were associated with lower adherent behaviour. Associations between personality traits and beliefs in the necessity of medication for controlling the illness were identified. Beliefs about the necessity of medication were positively associated with adherent behaviour in women. In the total sample, a positive “necessity-concern” differential predicted adherent behaviour.Conclusion:The results imply that personality and beliefs about medicines may influence how well adults with asthma adhere to treatment with asthma medication.
|
|
| 8. |
- Erlandsson, Soly, 1942-, et al.
(författare)
-
Is ADHD a way of conceptualizing long-term emotional stress and social disadvantage?
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Public Health. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-2565. ; 10
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The prevalent, neuropsychiatric, deficit perspective on children and youth diagnosed with ADHD prohibits a multidimensional approach where socio-economic status, family stress and relationships within the families are relevant factors to examine. Assessments of ADHD through the use of rating scales and short-term interventions may lead not only to overdiagnosis but also to a reductionistic approach in the psychiatric field. This literature review aims to address research outside the prevailing discourse on ADHD as an organic brain dysfunction and broaden the perspectives on children's behavioral difficulties. Methods: The articles included in this applied, mixed-method, systematic review includes 26 peer-reviewed articles, both English and French, with a search focus on ADHD in children and youth related to Attachment styles and relationships. Results: In the studies reported, researchers approached correlations between ADHD and attachment in different ways, and in most cases, there was a caution to address causality. The role of parents was found to be both buffering and aggravating for the appearance of ADHD. In the French case studies, the diagnosis was conceptualized as a relational phenomenon where the child's behavior was inseparable from family member's suffering. Discussion: This review article illustrates how children's difficulties in terms of ADHD symptoms can be addressed through a paradigm where emotional and cognitive dysregulation is understood through psychosocial factors rather than as a neurological condition. In our view, to avoid an overly reductionistic and medicalized approach to children's behavioral difficulties, it is time to reiterate the value of the biopsychosocial perspective. Conclusion: Professionals and researchers need to acknowledge that becoming diagnosed with ADHD has a strong connection to economic disadvantage, social status, and familial care. The academic discourse of addressing brain dysfunctions might serve the unintended purpose of masking emotional stress and social disadvantage that manifests across generations. A biopsychosocial approach to ADHD including family, emotional history, and socio-economic issues could imply a lesser focus on medical treatment as a first choice.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Hassler, Sven, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
-
Cancer among the sami : A review on the norwegian, swedish and finnish sami populations
- 2008
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Circumpolar Health. - : International Association of Circumpolar Health Publishers. - 1239-9736 .- 2242-3982. ; 67:5, s. 421-432
-
Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives. The Sami are the Indigenous people of the northernmost parts of Sweden, Finland and Norway, and of the Kola Peninsula of Russia. The present review summarizes the main results from studies on cancer morbidity and mortality among the Sami and discusses these results in relation to exposure of known risk factors. Study Design. Literature review. Methods. A systematic search over the time period 1966–2008for relevant articles was conducted on MEDLINE. Updates and recalculations of some of the results from the original data were also done. Results. Nine articles whose main focus is on cancer incidence or mortality among the Sami were identified. In all studies, the overall incidence of cancer or cancer mortality was lower among the Sami in comparison with the national populations. The differences were less striking in relation to regional reference populations, but the rates were still significantly lower for all populations of Sami, except for Swedish Sami women. Beyond the general trend of a lower cancer incidence among the Sami, there were some notable differences between the various Sami subpopulations.
|
|
