| 1. |
- Behboudi, Afrouz, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Detailed chromosomal and radiation hybrid mapping in the proximal part of rat Chromosome 10 and gene order comparison with mouse and human.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0938-8990 .- 1432-1777. ; 13:6, s. 302-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The rat provides valuable and sometimes unique models of human complex diseases. To fully exploit the rat models in biomedical research, it is important to have access to detailed knowledge of the rat genome organization as well as its relation to the human genome. Rat Chromosome 10 (RNO10) harbors several important cancer-related genes. Deletions in the proximal part of RNO10 were repeatedly found in a rat model for endometrial cancer. To identify functional and positional candidate genes in the affected region, we used radiation hybrid (RH) mapping and single- and dual-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques to construct a detailed chromosomal map of the proximal part of RNO10. The regional localization of 14 genes, most of them cancer-related ( Grin2a, Gspt1, Crebbp, Gfer, Tsc2, Tpsb1, Il9r, Il4, Irf1, Csf2, Sparc, Tp53, Thra1, Gh1), and of five microsatellite markers ( D10Mit10, D10Rat42, D10Rat50, D10Rat72, and D10Rat165) was determined on RNO10. For a fifteenth gene, Ppm1b, which had previously been assigned to RNO10, the map position was corrected to RNO6q12-q13.
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| 2. |
- Ekström, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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Breastfeeding support from partners and grandmothers : Perceptions of Swedish women
- 2003
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Ingår i: Birth. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0730-7659 .- 1523-536X. ; 30:4, s. 261-266
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Support from the mother’s network of relatives, friends, and professional caregivers during childbirth is likely to be important for breastfeeding success. Few studies have been conducted to examine mothers’ perceptions of breastfeeding support. The objective of this study was to describe breastfeeding support and feelings of confidence of primiparas and multiparas in relation to duration of breastfeeding. Methods: Mothers whodelivered vaginally were eligible for inclusion. After receiving a questionnaire when their children were 9 to 12 months of age, 194 primiparas and 294 multiparas responded to questions onbreastfeeding history and on perceived and overall breastfeeding support and feelings of confidence. Results: Feelings of overall breastfeeding support were correlated with duration ofexclusive breastfeeding in both primiparas (p < 0.001) and multiparas (p < 0.001). Multiparas who knew how long they were breastfed as a child showed a longer duration of exclusive(p ¼ 0.006) and total (p ¼ 0.007) breastfeeding than multiparas who did not know. The time during which the partner was present after labor was correlated with the duration of exclusive(p < 0.001) and total breastfeeding (p ¼ 0.002) in primiparas. Feelings of confidence when the baby was 6 to12 months old, as retrospectively rated on a visual analog scale, was correlatedwith feelings of confidence in the partner during childbirth in both primiparas (p < 0.001) and multiparas (p < 0.001) and the experience of overall breastfeeding support (primiparas,p ¼ 0.002; multiparas, p < 0.001). Both groups were more content with breastfeeding information they received from midwives in the maternity wards, compared with that from antenatal midwives and postnatal nurses (p < 0.001). Conclusions: A helpful support strategy for mothers with respect to breastfeeding outcome is for health professionals to discuss the grandmother’s perception of breastfeeding with the mother. It is important for perinatalcaregivers to provide an environment that enables the family to stay together after delivery. A helpful support strategy for health professionals might be to mobilize grandmothers with positive breastfeeding perception to provide support for their daughters’ breastfeeding. (BIRTH 30:4 December 2003)
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| 3. |
- Ekström, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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Duration of Breastfeeding in Swedish Primiparous and Multiparous Women
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Human Lactation. - : Sage Publications. - 0890-3344 .- 1552-5732. ; 19:2, s. 172-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe the effects of sociodemographicfactors and maternity ward practices on the duration of breastfeedingin Swedish primiparas (n = 194) and multiparas (n = 294), consecutivelyselected from hospital birth files for 3 months, who respondedto a questionnaire 9 to 12 months after childbirth. The impactof sociodemographic data and maternity ward practices on exclusiveand any breastfeeding were examined. Smoking and supplementationwithout medical reasons influenced the duration of both exclusiveand any breastfeeding negatively, whereas early first breastfeedinginfluenced the duration of both exclusive and any breastfeedingpositively, and parity had no significant influence. Late hospitaldischarge influenced the duration of exclusive breastfeedingpositively, and higher maternal age influenced the durationof any breastfeeding positively. These variables altogetherexplained 11.4% (P <.001) of the variance in the durationof exclusive breastfeeding and 8.2% (P <.001) of the durationof any breastfeeding
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| 4. |
- Enlund, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Altered Notch signaling resulting from expression of a WAMTP1-MAML2 gene fusion in mucoepidermoid carcinomas and benign Warthin's tumors.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Experimental cell research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0014-4827 .- 1090-2422. ; 292:1, s. 21-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chromosome translocations in neoplasia commonly result in fusion genes that may encode either novel fusion proteins or normal, but ectopically expressed proteins. Here we report the cloning of a novel fusion gene in a common type of salivary and bronchial gland tumor, mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC), as well as in benign Warthin's tumors (WATs). The fusion, which results from a t(11;19)(q21-22;p13) translocation, creates a chimeric gene in which exon 1 of a novel gene of unknown function, designated WAMTP1, is linked to exons 2-5 of the recently identified Mastermind-like Notch coactivator MAML2. In the fusion protein, the N-terminal basic domain of MAML2, which is required for binding to intracellular Notch (Notch ICD), is replaced by an unrelated N-terminal sequence from WAMTP1. Mutation analysis of the N-terminus of WAMTP1-MAML2 identified two regions of importance for nuclear localization (amino acids 11-20) and for colocalization with MAML2 and Notch1 ICD in nuclear granules (amino acids 21-42). Analyses of the Notch target genes HES5 and MASH1 in MEC tumors with and without the WAMTP1-MAML2 fusion revealed upregulation of HES5 and downregulation of MASH1 in fusion positive MECs compared to normal salivary gland tissue and MECs lacking the fusion. These findings suggest that altered Notch signaling plays an important role in the genesis of benign and malignant neoplasms of salivary and bronchial gland origin.
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| 5. |
- Gellerstedt, Martin, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Interpretation of subjective symptoms in double-blind placebo-controlled food challenges - interobserver reliability
- 2004
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Ingår i: Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 59, s. 354-356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Subjective symptoms after food challenges are difficult to interpret and no standard is available. We discuss a strategy for how to interpret a diary. Furthermore, the interobserver reliability is evaluated. METHODS: Diaries for 32 patients with subjective symptoms were used. The diaries were re-evaluated with a predefined strategy by three independent observers. RESULTS: The proportion of positives was 21.9% among the old diagnoses, according to the new approach 34.4% (observers I and II) and 37.5% (observer III) were positive. The new approach had high interobserver reliability (97 and 100%). CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of positives depends on how subjective symptoms are interpreted. Interpretations of subjective symptoms in diaries could be made with high interobserver reliability.
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| 6. |
- Gustafsson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Characterizing the dynamics of the quorum-sensing system in Staphylococcus aureus
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of molecular microbiology and biotechnology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1464-1801. ; 8:4, s. 232-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The virulence determinants of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> are expressed in a growth phase-dependent manner governed by the autoinducible quorum-sensing system <i>agr</i>. Activation of the <i>agr</i> system results in a rapid increase in the regulator RNAIII and occurs in response to accumulation of AIP. In order to activate the <i>agr</i> system, a basal transcription of <i>agr</i> components must be assumed. This basal transcription of <i>agr</i> components seems to be stimulated by <i>sarA</i>. To better understand how SarA would affect activation of the <i>agr</i> system by modulating the basal <i>agr</i> activity, a mathematical model for autoactivation of the <i>agr</i> system was set up. The model predicted that the <i>agr</i> system is hysteretic, meaning that the <i>agr</i> system is activated at a specific concentration of autoinducing peptide (AIP), whereas it is inactivated at a specific lower concentration of AIP. According to the model, changing the basal <i>agr</i> activity only had a marginal effect on steady-state levels of RNAIII but changed the sensitivity of the cells to AIP. This was supported by Northern blot analysis of RNAIII in <i>S. aureus</i> mutants with different levels of SarA expression. Since natural antagonistic AIPs have been demonstrated, the effect of adding inhibitors to the system was analyzed.
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| 7. |
- Magnusson, J, et al.
(författare)
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A kinetic study in adults with food hypersensitivity assessed as eosinophil activation in fecal samples
- 2003
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : Wiley. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 33:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Immune-mediated food hypersensitivity affecting the gut is difficult to evaluate, and objective tools to diagnose local gastrointestinal (GI) inflammatory reactions are lacking. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether allergic manifestations in adults with a history of food-related GI symptoms could be assessed in feces during symptomatic and non-symptomatic periods, using the surrogate markers, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), eosinophil protein X (EPX) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). METHODS: Thirteen subjects with food hypersensitivity-related GI symptoms, confirmed by a positive double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC), were subjected to an open kinetic food challenge design for 6 weeks. Symptoms were recorded and scored during the 3-week study period and stool samples were obtained every day. The surrogate markers ECP, EPX and MPO were measured in the supernatants from feces samples. RESULTS: A significant increase in abdominal pain, distension and flatulence was observed during challenge, with a gradual decrease during elimination diet. Both between days and subjects, EPX levels were more frequently increased compared to ECP and MPO. Individuals with a history of a short duration of symptoms had significantly higher mean levels of EPX and MPO than those with a longer duration of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: An overall increase in levels of eosinophil markers, in particular EPX, was observed in feces from patients with food-related GI symptoms. However, rather than being a tool to differentiate symptomatic from non-symptomatic periods, EPX might be used for detecting an ongoing clinical or subclinical chronic inflammation, that may have an impact on the patient's clinical course of GI symptoms.
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| 8. |
- Pernestig, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of UvrY as the cognate response regulator for the BarA sensor kinase in Escherichia coli
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - : American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 276:1, s. 225-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BarA is a membrane-associated protein that belongs to a subclass of tripartite sensors of the two-component signal transduction system family. In this study, we report that UvrY is the cognate response regulator for BarA of Escherichia coli. This conclusion is based upon homologies with analogous two-component systems and demonstrated by both biochemical and genetic means. We show that the purified BarA protein is able to autophosphorylate when incubated with [gamma-(32)P]ATP but not with [alpha-(32)P]ATP or [gamma-(32)P]GTP. Phosphorylated BarA, in turn, acts as an efficient phosphoryl group donor to UvrY but not to the non-cognate response regulators ArcA, PhoB, or CpxR. The specificity of the transphosphorylation reaction is further supported by the fact that UvrY can receive the phosphoryl group from BarA-P but not from the non-cognate tripartite sensor ArcB-P or ATP. In addition, genetic evidence that BarA and UvrY mediate the same signal transduction pathway is provided by the finding that both uvrY and barA mutant strains exhibit the same hydrogen peroxide hypersensitive phenotype. These results provide the first biochemical evidence as well as genetic support for a link between BarA and UvrY, suggesting that the two proteins constitute a new two-component system for gene regulation in Escherichia coli.
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| 9. |
- Pernestig, Anna-Karin, et al.
(författare)
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The Escherichia coli BarA-UvrY two-component system is needed for efficient switching between glycolytic and gluconeogenic carbon sources
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of Bacteriology. - : American Society for Microbiology. - 0021-9193 .- 1098-5530. ; 185:3, s. 843-853
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Escherichia coli BarA and UvrY proteins were recently demonstrated to constitute a novel two-component system, although its function has remained largely elusive. Here we show that mutations in the sensor kinase gene, barA, or the response regulator gene, uvrY, in uropathogenic E. coli drastically affect survival in long-term competition cultures. Using media with gluconeogenic carbon sources, the mutants have a clear growth advantage when competing with the wild type, but using media with carbon sources feeding into the glycolysis leads to a clear growth advantage for the wild type. Results from competitions with mutants in the carbon storage regulation system, CsrA/B, known to be a master switch between glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, led us to propose that the BarA-UvrY two-component system controls the Csr system. Taking these results together, we propose the BarA-UvrY two-component system is crucial for efficient adaptation between different metabolic pathways, an essential function for adaptation to a new environment.
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| 10. |
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