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- Alricsson, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Mobility, muscular strength and endurance in the cervical spine in Swedish air force pilots
- 2001
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Ingår i: Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine. - 0095-6562 .- 1943-4448. ; 72:4, s. 336-342
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Muscle strength, endurance and range of movement of the cervical spine in a group of Swedish Air Force jet pilots (AF) and in a reference group of conscripts doing their military service (RG) were compared. METHODS: We tested 30 (AF) 24-42 yr and 33 (RG) 19-22 yr. A questionnaire was used to document complaints. Maximum voluntary isometric muscle strength of the flexor and extensor muscles of the cervical spine and sub-maximum isometric endurance in the flexor and extensor muscles were measured. RESULTS: Eleven AF (37%) and four RG (12%) had experienced discomfort in the neck within the previous year. The pilots' flexor and extensor muscle strength (47 Nm and 65 Nm) was superior to that of the conscripts (36 Nm and 59 Nm) (p = 0.0001, p = < 0.05, respectively). However, the RG group had greater isometric endurance in the flexor muscles than AF (p = < 0.05) and greater neck rotation (p = <0.005). There was no difference between the two groups in the other variables. CONCLUSION: Differences between the groups with regard to muscle strength and endurance might depend on variations in work-related physical muscle strain, and/or differences in fiber composition in the muscles, which might be reflected by pilot selection procedures.
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| 3. |
- Alricsson, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Reliability of sports related functional tests with emphasis on speed and agility in young athletes.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : Wiley. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 11:4, s. 229-232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present investigation was to test the reliability of two sports related functional tests, a speed test (slalom-test) and an agility test (hurdle-test). Eleven athletes aged 11 years (8 boys, 3 girls) participated voluntarily in the study. All subjects completed four different test sessions for both the slalom-test and the hurdle-test using six standard track hurdles placed at 2-m intervals along a 12-m length of track. There were no significant differences between testing sessions for either the slalom-test (P=0.99) or the hurdle-test (P=0.96), showing no systematic variation between test times. The intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.96 and 0.90 respectively, indicating a good reliability. We conclude that the slalom-test and the hurdle-test are reliable sports related functional tests for measuring speed and agility in groups of young athletic individuals.
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| 6. |
- Ekman, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Reduction in the incidence of awareness using BIS monitoring
- 2004
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Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 48, s. 20-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reduction in the incidence of awareness using BISmonitoringA. EKMAN1,M-L.LINDHOLM1,C.LENNMARKEN2and R. SANDIN11Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Regional hospital, Kalmar, and The Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, and2Department ofAnaesthesia and Intensive Care, University Hospital, Linko¨ping, SwedenBackground: Explicit recall (ER) is evident i n a pproximat ely0.2% of patients given general anaesthesia including musclerelaxants. This prospective study was performed to evaluate ifcerebral monitoring using BIS to guide the conduction ofanaesthesia could reduce this incidence significantly.Patients and methods: A prospective cohort of 4945 consecutivesurgical patients requiring muscle relaxants and/or intubationwere monitored with BIS and subsequently interviewed for ERon three occasions. BIS values between 40 and 60 were recom-mended. The results from the BIS-monitored group of patientswas compared with a historical group of 7826 similar cases in aprevious study when no cerebral monitoring was used.Results: Two patients in th e BIS-monitored grou p, 0 .0 4% ,hadER as c ompared with 0.18% in the control group (P < 0.038).Both BIS-monitored patients with ER were aware during intub-ation when they had high BIS values (>60) for 4 min andmore than 10 min, respectively. However, periods with high BIS ¼ 4 min were al so eviden t in other patient s with no ER .Episodes with high BIS, 4 min or more, were found in 19% ofthe monitored patients during induction, and in 8% of casesduring maintenance.Conclusions: The use of BIS monitoring during general anaes-thesia requiring endotracheal intubation and/or muscle relax-ants was associated with a significantly reduced incidence ofawareness as compared with a historical control population.
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| 7. |
- Ekstedt, Mirjam, et al.
(författare)
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Microarousals during sleep are associated with increased levels of lipids, cortisol, and blood pressure
- 2004
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Ingår i: Psychosomatic Medicine. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0033-3174 .- 1534-7796. ; 66:6, s. 925-931
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Previous work has demonstrated a link between restricted sleep and risk indicators for cardiovascular and metabolic disease, such as levels of cortisol, lipids, and glucose. The present study sought to identify relations between polysomnographic measures of disturbed sleep (frequency of arousals from sleep, total sleep time, and sleep efficiency) and a number of such indicators. A second purpose was to relate the number of arousals to mood, stress, work characteristics, and other possible predictors in daily life.Methods: Twenty-four people (10 men, 14 women; mean age 30 years), high vs. low on burnout, were recruited from a Swedish IT company. Polysomnographically recorded sleep was measured at home before a workday. Blood pressure, heart rate, morning blood sample, and saliva samples of cortisol were measured the subsequent working day. They were also recorded for diary ratings of sleep and stress, and a questionnaire with ratings of sleep, stress, work conditions, and mood was completed.Results: A stepwise regression analysis using sleep parameters as predictors brought out number of arousals as the best predictor of morning cortisol (serum and saliva), heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and LDL/HDL-ratio. Work stress/unclear boundaries between work and leisure time was the best predictor of arousals among the stress variables.Conclusion: Consistent with sleep restriction experiments, sleep fragmentation was associated with elevated levels of metabolic and cardiovascular risk indicators of stress-related disorders. Number of arousals also seems to be related to workload/stress.
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| 9. |
- Heikkilä, Kristiina, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Elderly care for ethnic minorities : Wishes and expectations among elderly Finns in Sweden
- 2003
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Ingår i: Ethnicity and Health. - BASINGSTOKE : Taylor & Francis. - 1355-7858 .- 1465-3419. ; 8:2, s. 135-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives. Although elderly people from immigrant and minority groups utilise elderly care facilities to a lesser extent than elderly people from majority groups, there is a lack of research on how elderly people with different ethnic backgrounds wish and expect to be cared for when they are in need of institutional elderly care. This study aims to illuminate the role that culturally appropriate care plays in elderly Finnish immigrants’ wishes and expectations of institutional elderly care in Sweden. Design. Thirty-nine elderly Finnish immigrants in Sweden, aged 75 years or more, were interviewed in their homes. The data were analysed with latent qualitative content analysis. Results. The elderly Finnish immigrants in Sweden wished to be able to continue living in their current homes for as long as possible. Later on, when entering institutional elderly care, they wanted to feel continuity, familiarity, security and companionship with others. As immigrants, they had to choose to be cared for either in well-known physical environments close to their current homes, or in a culturally appropriate care setting with familiar socio-cultural conditions. Conclusions. To be able to provide institutional elderly care for minority groups it is important to ease the access to elderly care amenities by providing care that results in maintaining as much continuity and familiarity as possible in the lives of the elderly people. This includes the care providers and other residents who share the familiar aspects of their lives. This involves providing culturally appropriate elderly care close to the elderly people’s current homes.
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| 10. |
- Heikkilä, Kristiina, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Health care experiences and beliefs of elderly Finnish immigrants in Sweden
- 2000
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Ingår i: Journal of Transcultural Nursing. - : Sage Publications. - 1043-6596 .- 1552-7832. ; 11:4, s. 281-289
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To elucidate the experiences and beliefs of care of elderly Finnish immigrants living in Sweden (Sweden-Finns) in order to gain an understanding of the role ethnic background plays in these experiences and beliefs. Design: 39 elderly Sweden-Finns living in Stockholm were interviewed. The data were analysed hermeneutically. Results: On a surface level, the care in Sweden was culturally congruent to elderly Sweden-Finns’ experiences and beliefs of care. However, care in Finland and the care providers with Finnish background were regarded as superior to Swedish caregivers, giving a deeper sense of familiarity and trust in anticipation of good care. Implications for practice: Culturally appropriate care with care providers sharing the same ethnic background is important for ethnic elderly persons in enabling familiarity and trust between staff and patients.
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