| 1. |
- Abduljaleel, Yasir, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of Subsurface Drainage Strategies Using DRAINMOD Model for Sustainable Agriculture: A Review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 15:2
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Practicing agricultural drainage strategies is necessary to manage excess water in poorly drained irrigated agricultural lands to protect them from induced waterlogging and salinity problems. This paper provides an overview of subsurface drainage strategies and the modeling of their performance using the DRAINMOD model. Given that the DRAINMOD model considers a fixed value of the surface depression capacity (SDC) for the whole simulation period, which does not suit many agricultural practices, the paper then assesses the model’s performance under time-variable SDC. It was revealed that adopting a fixed value of SDC for the whole simulation period in the DRAINMOD model causes it to produce improper predictions of the water balance in farmlands characterized by time-variable SDC. Such a model drawback will also adversely impact its predictions of the nitrogen and phosphorus fate in farmlands, which represent major inputs when managing both the agricultural process and agricultural water quality. Researchers should pay attention when applying the DRAINMOD model to farmlands characterized by time-variable SDC. Moreover, it is recommended that the DRAINMOD input module be improved by considering changes in SDC during the simulation period to ensure better management of the agricultural process and agricultural water.
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| 2. |
- Abele, H., et al.
(författare)
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Particle physics at the European Spallation Source
- 2023
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Ingår i: Physics reports. - : Elsevier. - 0370-1573 .- 1873-6270. ; 1023, s. 1-84
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Presently under construction in Lund, Sweden, the European Spallation Source (ESS) will be the world’s brightest neutron source. As such, it has the potential for a particle physics program with a unique reach and which is complementary to that available at other facilities. This paper describes proposed particle physics activities for the ESS. These encompass the exploitation of both the neutrons and neutrinos produced at the ESS for high precision (sensitivity) measurements (searches).
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| 3. |
- Adewumi, Tosin, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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State-of-the-Art in Open-Domain Conversational AI: A Survey
- 2022
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Ingår i: Information. - : MDPI. - 2078-2489. ; 13:6
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We survey SoTA open-domain conversational AI models with the objective of presenting the prevailing challenges that still exist to spur future research. In addition, we provide statistics on the gender of conversational AI in order to guide the ethics discussion surrounding the issue. Open-domain conversational AI models are known to have several challenges, including bland, repetitive responses and performance degradation when prompted with figurative language, among others. First, we provide some background by discussing some topics of interest in conversational AI. We then discuss the method applied to the two investigations carried out that make up this study. The first investigation involves a search for recent SoTA open-domain conversational AI models, while the second involves the search for 100 conversational AI to assess their gender. Results of the survey show that progress has been made with recent SoTA conversational AI, but there are still persistent challenges that need to be solved, and the female gender is more common than the male for conversational AI. One main takeaway is that hybrid models of conversational AI offer more advantages than any single architecture. The key contributions of this survey are (1) the identification of prevailing challenges in SoTA open-domain conversational AI, (2) the rarely held discussion on open-domain conversational AI for low-resource languages, and (3) the discussion about the ethics surrounding the gender of conversational AI.
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| 4. |
- Agbo, Friday Joseph, et al.
(författare)
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Application of Virtual Reality in Computer Science Education : A Systemic Review Based on Bibliometric and Content Analysis Methods
- 2021
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Ingår i: Education Sciences. - : MDPI. - 2227-7102. ; 11:3
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated the role of virtual reality (VR) in computer science (CS) education over the last 10 years by conducting a bibliometric and content analysis of articles related to the use of VR in CS education. A total of 971 articles published in peer-reviewed journals and conferences were collected from Web of Science and Scopus databases to conduct the bibliometric analysis. Furthermore, content analysis was conducted on 39 articles that met the inclusion criteria. This study demonstrates that VR research for CS education was faring well around 2011 but witnessed low production output between the years 2013 and 2016. However, scholars have increased their contribution in this field recently, starting from the year 2017. This study also revealed prolific scholars contributing to the field. It provides insightful information regarding research hotspots in VR that have emerged recently, which can be further explored to enhance CS education. In addition, the quantitative method remains the most preferred research method, while the questionnaire was the most used data collection technique. Moreover, descriptive analysis was primarily used in studies on VR in CS education. The study concludes that even though scholars are leveraging VR to advance CS education, more effort needs to be made by stakeholders across countries and institutions. In addition, a more rigorous methodological approach needs to be employed in future studies to provide more evidence-based research output. Our future study would investigate the pedagogy, content, and context of studies on VR in CS education.
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| 5. |
- Agbo, Friday Joseph, et al.
(författare)
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Scientific production and thematic breakthroughs in smart learning environments : a bibliometric analysis
- 2021
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Ingår i: Smart Learning Environments. - : Springer. - 2196-7091. ; 8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examines the research landscape of smart learning environments by conducting a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the field over the years. The study focused on the research trends, scholar’s productivity, and thematic focus of scientific publications in the field of smart learning environments. A total of 1081 data consisting of peer-reviewed articles were retrieved from the Scopus database. A bibliometric approach was applied to analyse the data for a comprehensive overview of the trend, thematic focus, and scientific production in the field of smart learning environments. The result from this bibliometric analysis indicates that the first paper on smart learning environments was published in 2002; implying the beginning of the field. Among other sources, “Computers & Education,” “Smart Learning Environments,” and “Computers in Human Behaviour” are the most relevant outlets publishing articles associated with smart learning environments. The work of Kinshuk et al., published in 2016, stands out as the most cited work among the analysed documents. The United States has the highest number of scientific productions and remained the most relevant country in the smart learning environment field. Besides, the results also showed names of prolific scholars and most relevant institutions in the field. Keywords such as “learning analytics,” “adaptive learning,” “personalized learning,” “blockchain,” and “deep learning” remain the trending keywords. Furthermore, thematic analysis shows that “digital storytelling” and its associated components such as “virtual reality,” “critical thinking,” and “serious games” are the emerging themes of the smart learning environments but need to be further developed to establish more ties with “smart learning”. The study provides useful contribution to the field by clearly presenting a comprehensive overview and research hotspots, thematic focus, and future direction of the field. These findings can guide scholars, especially the young ones in field of smart learning environments in defining their research focus and what aspect of smart leaning can be explored.
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| 6. |
- Ahmed, Hesham, et al.
(författare)
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Composite Pellets – A Potential Raw Material for Iron-Making
- 2014
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Ingår i: Steel Research International. - : Wiley. - 1611-3683 .- 1869-344X. ; 85:3, s. 293-306
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Coke constitutes the major portion of iron-making cost and its production causes severe environmental concerns. In addition, lower energy consumption, lower CO2 emission and waste recycling are driving the Iron and steel making industry to develop “coke free, zero waste or green processes”. In the present article, an overview of possible ways to recognize a reasonable improvement in iron and steel making industry is summarized. The present discussion is focusing on the following approaches: 1. Replacing expensive coke with relatively less expensive alternate fuels having carbon as well as significant amount of hydrogen such as coal, waste plastic and biomass materials.2. Producing agglomerates from cheaper raw materials (secondary resources) as well as improving their performance in BF.3.Making the process towards higher carbon utilization by shifting the wustite equilibrium towards lower CO/CO2 ratio by using high reactive coke or catalytic activated one.4.Recycling the unused CO in the top gas by removing CO2 from the gas stream.Much attention has been paid to carbon composite agglomerates (CCA) as a promising raw material for future iron making. Production, mechanical and chemical suitability, reduction behavior, etc. are being elaborated. In addition, other possible ways to utilize CCA in alternate iron-making process has been explored.
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| 7. |
- Ahmed, Kazi Main Uddin, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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A Review of Data Centers Energy Consumption And Reliability Modeling
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - : IEEE. - 2169-3536. ; 9
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Enhancing the efficiency and the reliability of the data center are the technical challenges for maintaining the quality of services for the end-users in the data center operation. The energy consumption models of the data center components are pivotal for ensuring the optimal design of the internal facilities and limiting the energy consumption of the data center. The reliability modeling of the data center is also important since the end-user’s satisfaction depends on the availability of the data center services. In this review, the state-of-the-art and the research gaps of data center energy consumption and reliability modeling are identified, which could be beneficial for future research on data center design, planning, and operation. The energy consumption models of the data center components in major load sections i.e., information technology (IT), internal power conditioning system (IPCS), and cooling load section are systematically reviewed and classified, which reveals the advantages and disadvantages of the models for different applications. Based on this analysis and related findings it is concluded that the availability of the model parameters and variables are more important than the accuracy, and the energy consumption models are often necessary for data center reliability studies. Additionally, the lack of research on the IPCS consumption modeling is identified, while the IPCS power losses could cause reliability issues and should be considered with importance for designing the data center. The absence of a review on data center reliability analysis is identified that leads this paper to review the data center reliability assessment aspects, which is needed for ensuring the adaptation of new technologies and equipment in the data center. The state-of-the-art of the reliability indices, reliability models, and methodologies are systematically reviewed in this paper for the first time, where the methodologies are divided into two groups i.e., analytical and simulation-based approaches. There is a lack of research on the data center cooling section reliability analysis and the data center components’ failure data, which are identified as research gaps. In addition, the dependency of different load sections for reliability analysis of the data center is also included that shows the service reliability of the data center is impacted by the IPCS and the cooling section.
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| 8. |
- Ahmed, Muhammad, et al.
(författare)
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Survey and Performance Analysis of Deep Learning Based Object Detection in Challenging Environments
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sensors. - : MDPI. - 1424-8220. ; 21:15
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent progress in deep learning has led to accurate and efficient generic object detection networks. Training of highly reliable models depends on large datasets with highly textured and rich images. However, in real-world scenarios, the performance of the generic object detection system decreases when (i) occlusions hide the objects, (ii) objects are present in low-light images, or (iii) they are merged with background information. In this paper, we refer to all these situations as challenging environments. With the recent rapid development in generic object detection algorithms, notable progress has been observed in the field of deep learning-based object detection in challenging environments. However, there is no consolidated reference to cover the state of the art in this domain. To the best of our knowledge, this paper presents the first comprehensive overview, covering recent approaches that have tackled the problem of object detection in challenging environments. Furthermore, we present a quantitative and qualitative performance analysis of these approaches and discuss the currently available challenging datasets. Moreover, this paper investigates the performance of current state-of-the-art generic object detection algorithms by benchmarking results on the three well-known challenging datasets. Finally, we highlight several current shortcomings and outline future directions.
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| 9. |
- Akbar, Kamran, et al.
(författare)
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Carbon Dots for Photocatalytic Degradation of Aqueous Pollutants : Recent Advancements
- 2021
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Ingår i: Advanced Optical Materials. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2162-7568 .- 2195-1071. ; 9:17
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The immense progress of humanity on the technological, domestic, and industrial fronts comes at the cost of polluting the planet. Aquatic pollution is particularly dangerous since all life forms are directly linked to it. Each year tons of industrial and domestic pollutants make their way into aqueous systems. Efficient removal/degradation of these pollutants is of prime importance for the sustainable future. Among many technologies, photodegradation is an emerging and promising method for the successful removal of aqueous pollutants since it is powered by abundant solar light. The last decade had shown that carbon dots are among the most promising materials that can be utilized as an efficient tool to derive various solar-driven chemical reactions. Carbon dots possess unique photophysical and chemical properties such as light-harvesting over a broad-spectrum region, upconversion photoluminescence, photosensitizers, chemical inertness, and bivalent redox character, etc. The ease of synthesis of carbon dots at low cost also contributes hugely to their utilizations as an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of aqueous pollutants. This review summarizes the recent progress made in the field of photodegradation of aqueous pollutants with the aid of carbon dots and their hybrids, highlighting the critical role carbon dots can play in the field.
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| 10. |
- Akinwekomi, Akeem Damilola, et al.
(författare)
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Bibliometric Mapping of Literature on High-Entropy/ Multicomponent Alloys and Systematic Review of Emerging Applications
- 2022
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Ingår i: Entropy. - : MDPI. - 1099-4300. ; 24:3
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-entropy/multicomponent alloy (HEA/MCA) has received significant research attention in the last decade. There is a dearth of data-driven works dedicated to assessing and visualizing the HEA/MCA literature from a global perspective. To this end, we present the first bibliometric literature analysis of more than 3500 HEA/MCA articles, published between 2004 and 2021, in the Scopus database. We identify the most prolific authors, their collaborators, institutions, and most prominent research outlet. Co-occurrence networks of keywords are mapped and analyzed. A steep rise in research outputs is observed from 2013, when the number of annual publications doubled the previous years. The top five preferred research outlets include Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Materials Science and Engineering A, Scripta Materialia, Intermetallics, and Acta Materialia. Most of these publications emanate from researchers and institutions within China, USA, and Germany, although international scientific collaboration among them is lacking. Research gaps and future research directions are proposed, based on co-occurrence frequencies of author keywords. Finally, a brief systematic review of emerging applications, covering hydrogen storage, additive manufacturing, catalysis, and superconductivity, is undertaken. This work provides an important comprehensive reference guide for researchers to deepen their knowledge of the field and pursue new research directions.
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