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14th NOLAMP Conference : The 14th Nordic Laser Materials Processing Conference, August 26th – 28th 2013, Gothenburg, Sweden
- 2013
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Laser is a key element in obtaining a sustainable economy in Europe. Innovative laser processes will play a significant role in future green manufacturing as they provide a precise, well-controlled and highly effective energy deposition to the workpiece. Future challenges are to increase the spectrum of laser manufacturing technologies in all sectors where the laser can offer innovative product solutions, higher product quality, less environmental impact, higher productivity and in turn cost benefits.The NOLAMP conferences address all aspects of laser materials processing from fundamental science to industrial applications. The first NOLAMP conference took place in Oslo in 1987 in a period of intense development of the laser processes and their industrial applications. The NOLAMP has continued on a biannual cycle ever since, strengthening the Nordic laser community by encouraging knowledge transfer and networking. Now, 26 years later, in the forthcoming 14th NOLAMP, the research and development of processes like laser welding, laser hybrid welding, laser cutting and laser surface treatment is still very important, as well as the development of industrial applications and equipment for laser material processing. This time the NOLAMP Conference will be held in Gothenburg, Sweden. In this highly industrialized region of Sweden and with the close distance to Denmark, Norway and Finland, we hope to attract a strong participation from industry and the scientific community. On behalf of the Nordic laser community and Luleå University of Technology, it is our great pleasure to invite you to the 14th NOLAMP conference.
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- A., Trubetskaya, et al.
(författare)
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The Effect of Wood Composition and Supercritical CO2 Extraction on the Charcoal Production
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 AIChE Annual Meeting proceedings. - : American Institute of Chemical Engineers.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This work demonstrated that the coupling of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction with slow pyrolysis is effective to remove over half of extractives from low quality wood and to generate biochar from remaining solid wood fractions. The high yields of extractives from supercritical carbon dioxide extraction illustrates the potential utilizing of low quality wood as an alternative feedstock for the sustainable production of value-added chemicals. Results showed that supercritical carbon dioxide extraction has neither a strong impact on the physical properties of original wood nor on the yield of solid biochar. These results are promising as they show that the biochar obtained for this renewable feedstock could be used as an alternative to fossil-based coke in applications including ferroalloy industries. Moreover, the heat treatment temperature and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction had a significant impact on the tar yields, leading to the increase in naphthalene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic and phenolic fractions with the greater temperature. The differences in gasification reactivity and dielectric properties of solid biochars, composition and yields of liquid products of non-treated pinewood and extracted wood fraction emphasize the impact of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction on the pyrolysis process.
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- Aalipour, Mojgan
(författare)
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Human Factors Approach for Maintenance Improvement
- 2015
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this research work is to explore and describe human factors affectingmaintenance execution. To achieve the purpose of this study, the influencing factors have been identified using a literature survey. They have been categorized into four main groups namely organizational, workplace, job and individual factors. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method is employed on data questionnaires to rank the priority of the factors. The interrelationships between these factors have been recognized by theInterpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) model. In the present case studies, MICMAC1analysis technique is also implemented for identifying the driving, dependent, linkage and autonomous factors. The data was collected through a questionnaire survey involving the participation of 16 and 25 maintenance staff and 10 mining experts in Swedish and Iranian mines, respectively. Within the study, it has been identified that the temperature, work layout, tools design and tools availability are the most important factors in both mines related to these categories. However, the significant factors in the organizational and individual categories are different in the selected mines. The effect of workplace factors on the maintainability of mining equipment is discussed and thereafter a methodology for maintainability management in the design and operation phases is developed. In the thirdcase study HEART2 is applied to estimate the probability of human error occurring duringmaintenance execution in an Iranian cable company. This research supports maintenance management to gain knowledge of human factors that affect maintenance execution. Further, this understanding could be useful in the development of strategies to improve the execution of maintenance.Keywords: Human Factors, Maintenance Management, Human Reliability, HumanPerformance, AHP, ISM, MICMAC, HEART
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- Aalipour, Mojgan, et al.
(författare)
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Human reliability assessment (HRA) in maintenance of production process : a case study
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Systems Assurance Engineering and Management. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0975-6809 .- 0976-4348. ; 7:2, s. 229-238
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human reliability makes a considerable contribution to the maintenance performance, safety, and cost-efficiency of any production process. To improve human reliability, the causes of human errors should be identified and the probability of human errors should be quantified. Analysis of human error is very case-specific; the context of the field should be taken into account. The aim of this study is to identify the causes of human errors and improve human reliability in maintenance activities in the cable manufacturing industry. The central thrust of this paper is to employ the three most common HRA techniques—human error assessment and reduction technique, standardized plant analysis risk-human reliability, and Bayesian network—for estimating human error probabilities and then to check the consistency of the results obtained. The case study results demonstrated that the main causes of human error during maintenance activities are time pressure, lack of experience, and poor procedure. Moreover, the probabilities of human error, obtained by employing the three techniques, are similar and consistent
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- Aalipour, Mojgan, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of Factors affecting Human performance in Mining Maintenance tasks
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop and congress on eMaintenance. - Luleå : Luleå tekniska universitet. - 9789174399721 - 9789174399738 ; , s. 71-76
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the factors affecting humanperformance in maintenance task in mining sector. Theobjective is identify various factors and to classify them asdriving (strong driving power and weak dependence) anddependent factors (weak driving power and strongdependence). The factors were identified through literaturesurvey and are ranked using mean score of data questionnaire.The reliability of measures is pretested by applyingCronbach’s alpha coefficient to responses to a questionnairegiven to maintenance personnel. The interrelationshipsbetween human factors have been recognized by interpretivestructural modeling (ISM). Further, these factors have beenclassified using matrice d'impacts croises-multiplicationappliqué à un classement (MICMAC) analysing. This casestudy will figure out the factors affecting human performancefor deriving maintenance management insights to improveproductivity in the mining sector. Further, this understandingmay be helpful in framing the policies and strategies formining industry. Temperature, lighting, documentation,communication and fitness are driving factors. Moreover,Work layout, tools availability, complex tasks, time pressure,safety, boss decisions, training, fatigue and motivation havestrong driving power as well as high dependencies and itcomes under the category of linkage factors.
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- Aalipour, Mojgan, et al.
(författare)
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Work place factors effect on maintainability in challenging operating conditions
- 2015
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Ingår i: 2015 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). - Piscataway, NJ : IEEE Communications Society. - 9781467380669 - 9781467380669 ; , s. 767-771
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some industries such as mining industry create complex and challenging work place for maintenance crews. For example in an underground mine, for some machines, heavy maintenance tasks must be performed on site in a limited workspace in a harsh environment, including dust and improper illumination. Such operating conditions can increase the health, safety, and environment (HSE) risk, reduce the availability of the machines and increase the life cycle cost of equipment. A review of current mining equipment design and maintenance procedure confirms that considerable reduction in HSE risk, as well as substantial cost savings, can be achieved by considering human factors. This study discusses the effect of workplace factors on the maintainability of mining equipment. It presents the results from questionnaires on the effect of work place factors on maintainability performance given to maintenance staff at two mines, one in northern Sweden and the other in Iran.
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| 9. |
- Aarrevaara, Timo, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction
- 2014
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Ingår i: Higher Education and Research in Academe. - Luleå : Luleå tekniska universitet. - 9789174399745 - 9789174399752 ; , s. 11-17
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Aasa, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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A characterisation of pain, disability, kinesiophobia and physical capacity in patients with predominantly peripherally mediated mechanical low back pain
- 2011
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Ingår i: Physiotherapy. - 0031-9406 .- 1873-1465. ; 97:Suppl. 1, s. eS18-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The specific objectives were to: 1) describe the level of pain intensity, disability, activity limitation, kinesiophobia and physical capacity in patients with predominantly peripherally mediated mechanical back pain, and 2) investigate whether differences between these patients in physical and psychosocial factors can be distinguished when the patients are further sub-grouped.Relevance: To improve assessment among patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) it is important to investigate the prevalence of physical and psychosocial features in homogenous sub-groups.Participants: Seventy-one patients with CLBP, 20-60 years old, with peripherally mediated mechanical pain at the the moment for the study, were included and each patient was sub-classified into one of five sub-groups based on their pain behaviour and functional movement pattern (flexion n=20, flexion/lateral shift, n=11, active extension n=23 , passive extension n=8, and multidirectional pattern n=9).Methods: Data on pain intensity (Visual Analogue Scale), disability (the Roland and Morris Questionnaire), activity limitation (the Patient Specific Functional Scale), kinesiophobia (the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia) and physical capacity (lifting capacity and trunk extensor endurance) was collected.Analysis: Mean and standard deviation for parametric and median and interquartile range for non-parametric data were used for descriptive statistics. One-way ANOVA for normally distributed data and Kruskal-Wallis for non-normally distributed data were used for analyses of differences between the sub-groups. The subjects were also divided into two age-groups (20-40 and 41-60 years) and measures of physical capacity were compared to women and men at the ages of 34 and 50, respectively, in the general Swedish population using one sample T-test.Results: The patients reported low to moderate pain intensity (3.1/10±2.4), disability (RMDQ (7.27/24 ±4.2) and kinesiophobia (33.4/68 ±7) and these levels were lower than reported levels in other studies including more heterogenous groups of patients with CLBP. The patiens reported activity limitations (PSFS 13/30±23). Lifting capacity and trunk extensor endurance were significantly lower than in the general population in the youngest age-group. No significant differences in pain intensity, disability, kinesiophobia or physical capacity were found between the sub-groups.Conclusions: This research highlights that patients with predominantly peripherally mediated mechanical back pain may differ from other sub-groups of patients with CLBP (e.g., patients with central sensitization as dominating pain mechanism) regarding physical and psychosocial factors. The individual variation in pain intensity, disability, kinesiophbia and physical capacity among the patients indicates the importance to assess these factors in every patient. Due to the fact that there were few patients in the sub-groups, further research is necessary to explore whether there are differences, that we were not able to disingjish, between patients with different movement patterns.
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