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- Ashby, M.F., et al.
(författare)
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The fracture and toughness of woods
- 1985
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Ingår i: Proceedings of The Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and physical sciences. - : The Royal Society. - 0080-4630. ; 398:1815, s. 261-280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Crack propagation in various woods has been examined by scanning electron microscopy, and the observations related to measurements of fracture toughness. It is found that the toughness is related in a simple way to the density of the wood, which is explained by a straightforward model. The apparent fracture toughness of wood for cracks that lie normal to the grain is larger, by a factor of about 10, than that for cracks which propagate parallel to the grain. This difference can be explained in terms of the fracture mechanics of very anisotropic solids
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2. |
- Helle, A.S., et al.
(författare)
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Hot isostatic pressing diagrams : new developments
- 1985
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Ingår i: Acta Metallurgica. - : Elsevier BV. - 0001-6160. ; 33:12, s. 2163-2174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The equation and procedures for constructing hot-isostatic pressing diagrams are simplified and clarified. In earlier work, three classes of mechanism were modelled: plastic yielding, power-law creep and diffusional densification. In this paper two further mechanisms are added: diffusional deformations of particles when the grain size is smaller than the particle size, and separation of pores from boundaries when grain growth occurs. Application of HIP diagrams to tool steels, alumina and copper are discussed
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