| 1. |
- Anderson, Helén, et al.
(författare)
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Skapa kundnärvaro i innovationsprocessen
- 2008
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Ingår i: Innovationsförmåga. - Malmö : Holmbergs i Malmö AB. - 9789197785204 ; , s. 40-59
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 2. |
- Bergh, Håkan, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Life events, social support and sense of coherence among frequent attenders in primary health care.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Public health. - : Elsevier BV. - 0033-3506 .- 1476-5616. ; 120, s. 229-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of this survey was to compare stressful life events, social support and sense of coherence (SOC) between frequent attenders (FAs) and normal attenders (controls) in primary health care. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a primary healthcare centre in the south-west of Sweden. METHODS: A postal questionnaire was sent to 263 frequent attenders and 703 normal attenders. The questionnaire comprised sociodemographic variables and scales of stressful life events, social support and SOC. The results from the questionnaire were compared between the groups, and the significance of the variables in terms of attendance was tested in a multiple regression analysis. RESULTS: More of the FAs were secondarily single, they had more chronic diseases and were more often living on a sickness/disablement pension than the controls. FAs did not report more stressful life events than the controls nor was their experience of events more negative. Social support was as strong among FAs as among controls, and it had no significant effect on their frequent attendance. FAs had a significantly weaker SOC compared with controls. The variables that significantly influenced frequent attendance were high age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.02], chronic disease (OR = 3.08), sickness/disablement pension (OR = 2.46) and SOC (OR = 0.97). CONCLUSIONS: SOC had a significant influence on frequent attendance in primary health care, but stressful life events and social support did not. FAs did not report more stressful life events. However, due to an inadequate coping strategy, indicated by a weak SOC, the life events probably caused them more symptoms and diseases, and thereby a higher consulting frequency.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Elgán, Carina, et al.
(författare)
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Young women´s lifestyle behaviours and their bone mineral density changes:a grounded theory analysis.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 1471-6712 .- 0283-9318. ; 19:1, s. 39-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Only limited information is available on healthy young women's perspective of their own lifestyle behaviours. By lifestyle behaviours, e.g. smoking and physical activity, individuals have the possibility to influence bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of this study was to generate a theoretical model of lifestyle behaviours among young women with different BMD changes. Methods: Data were collected by interviewing with 11 women, and the material was analysed by means of the grounded theory. Findings: Two core categories were generated: (i) the respondents' outlook on life and (ii) their life situation. The respondents' outlook on life was either `rigid' or `relaxed'. Respondents who had a rigid outlook on life adjusted with others and had a decreased BMD while those with a relaxed outlook on life were doing things for fun and had an increased BMD level. Life situation also consisted of two categories: `stagnation' and `development'. Respondents in a static life situation did not pursue any active actions while in a developing life situation, the respondents were actively striving towards a goal. Four dimensions which characterized the respondents' outlook on life in relation to their life situation emerged: subordinating and enduring with a decreased BMD level or compromising and discerning with an increased BMD level. Conclusion: It seems as if the outlook on life has a greater influence than the acted lifestyle behaviour for bone development. Further research is needed to generalize the findings of this study and to explore the importance of the outlook on life among women of all ages.
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| 5. |
- Flemme, Inger, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term quality of life and uncertainty in patients living with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Heart & lung : the journal of critical care. - St. Louis, MO : Elsevier BV. - 0147-9563 .- 1527-3288. ; 34:6, s. 386-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: This study describes the quality of life (QOL) and uncertainty in patients who have an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) and predicts QOL at long-term follow-up. METHODS: Long-term follow-up was defined as 6.9 years +/- 1 year (range 4.11-8.7 years). QOL was measured with the Quality of Life Index, and uncertainty was measured with the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale. RESULTS: The overall QOL and health/functioning were unchanged over time. QOL in the socioeconomic (P = .002) and psychologic/spiritual domains (P = .012) decreased in the first year. From baseline to long-term follow-up, the QOL in the family domain (P = .011) and uncertainty (P = .002) decreased. Uncertainty was a predictor of low QOL. CONCLUSION: QOL was reasonably good 6.9 years post-ICD implantation. Patients felt less uncertain once they had passed the first year of their illness.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Haraldsson, K, et al.
(författare)
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The self-reported health condition of women after their participation in a stress management programme: a pilot study
- 2005
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Ingår i: Health & Social Care in the Community. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0966-0410 .- 1365-2524. ; 13:3, s. 224-230
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- From a public health perspective, it is important to develop effective measures to deal with stress which are based on the individual's participation, such as stress management provided in group sessions. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare and evaluate the self-reported health condition of women in terms of their general symptoms, stress and sense of coherence (SOC) after participation in a stress management programme. The intervention, which had a modified crossover design and involved 40 women divided into two groups (G1 and G2), comprised eight meetings, the content of which was both theoretical and practical, and included information about stress, stress management, massage and mental training. A questionnaire was filled in on three occasions: before and after the intervention (8 weeks later), and after another 8 weeks (16 weeks later). The questionnaire contained 60 items comprising background factors, general symptoms, stress and SOC. No significant differences existed between the groups at baseline. In favour of the intervention, significant differences were found between the groups with regard to fewer general symptoms (P = 0.035) as well as a tendency to stress reduction (P = 0.060). A comparison within groups showed that both groups had a significant reduction in symptoms after the intervention (G1, P = 0.002; and G2, P = 0.003) and in reduced stress (both P = 0.001). After a further 8 weeks, both groups still showed significantly fewer general symptoms and reduced stress, as well as significant improvements with regard to SOC (G1, P = 0.012; and G2, P = 0.026). These findings indicate that the combination of mental training and massage in this stress management programme had a positive influence on the women's health condition. The pilot study design could be used in a full-scale study with randomised groups.
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| 8. |
- Hovbrandt, Pia, et al.
(författare)
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Very old people´s experience of occupational performance outside the home; : Possibilities and limitations
- 2007
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Ingår i: Scand J Occup Ther. - : Informa UK Limited. ; 14:2, s. 77-85
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To support occupations outside the home for older people with functional limitations it is important to understand how the person, environment, and occupations influence performance. Therefore the purpose of this study was to describe how very old people experience occupational performance outside the home. Twenty-one single-living, very old persons, above 80 years, were strategically selected and interviewed. A phenomenographic approach was used for this study and the interviews were analyzed using contextual analysis. The findings showed a variation in the experience of occupational performance described in three referential aspects: keeping on doing as before, drawing on available resources, and living in constrained circumstances. Referring to everyday occupations the participants described how they continued to do what they had done before, but decline in functional capacity made it more difficult to overcome environmental barriers. They also described how they sometimes could put functional limitations aside and use their utmost capacity to reach their goals. When they could not do that any more, they had to find possibilities for occupations close to home. In order to support very old people's occupational performance outside the home, outdoor mobility has to be facilitated, including the design of the physical environment as well as possibilities for social interaction.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Nurses' assessments and patients' perceptions : development of the night nursing care instrument (NNCI), measuring nursing care at night
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 42:5, s. 569-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Nursing care provided at night has a different purpose and objective to that provided during the day. A review of the literature does not reveal any scientifically tested research instruments for evaluating and comparing the nurse's assessment of nursing care with the patient's perception at night.Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to develop and test an instrument for evaluating nursing care and to compare nurses' assessments with patients' perceptions of nursing care provided at night.Design: The study was carried out in two phases; the first had an explorative design and the second an evaluative and comparative design. The Night Nursing Care Instrument (NNCI) included two questionnaires; one for nurses and one for patients. These questionnaires were developed from a nursing framework and covered the following three areas:,nursing interventions', 'medical interventions' and 'evaluation'.Methods:Nurses (n = 40) on night duty on a medical ward at a central hospital in southern Sweden were consecutively selected, to participate in the study. The patients (n = 80) were selected by means of convenience sampling. In order to achieve construct validity, factor analysis of each individual area was carried out. Reliability in terms of internal consistency was tested by Cronbach's alpha.Results: The overall NNCI had acceptable reliability and validity. There was no statistically significant difference between nurses' assessments and patients' perceptions in any of the three areas of 'nursing interventions', 'medical interventions' or 'evaluation'. The patients rated night nursing care as satisfactory for the majority of the items. Relevance to clinical practice: These findings demonstrate that it is possible to create a short instrument with acceptable reliability and validity, which is easy to use in clinical practice. The results also show that night nurses need to improve their ability to assess patients' needs during the night to increase the quality of night nursing care.
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| 10. |
- Jonnergård, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Development Codes of Cunduct: : Regulatory conversations as means for Detecting Institutional Change
- 2007
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Ingår i: Law & Policy. - : Blackwell. - 0265-8240 .- 1467-9930. ; 29:4, s. 460-492
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The introduction of a new corporate governance code in Sweden, modeled after prevailing Anglo-Saxon norms of corporate governance, offers the opportunity to investigate global regulatory convergence. Using the metaphor of regulatory space, this article analyzes the positions of the parties who submitted formal responses to the introduction of "The Swedish Code of Corporate Governance-A Proposal from the Code Group." While the globalization of financial markets might forecast unconditional acceptance of the proposed code by business and financial interests, the analysis of who made comments, and what was said, reveals three categorically distinct groups: Swedish business "insiders" connected to the existing institutional framework who opposed changes that would erode traditional division of functions, including collective responsibility for the actions of company boards; "outsiders" (i.e., foreign investors and more marginal Swedish investors) aligned with Anglo-Saxon internationalization of the markets who would change the system of corporate accountability; and the professions (i.e., auditors), who advocated for their professional interests. Of the three groups, Swedish business insiders were most successful in gaining support for their positions. Although international financial and political interests were key to the introduction of the Code in the first place, the article demonstrates how the dynamics of national (local) culture and power structures influence the transfer of regulatory law across jurisdictions.
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